Spinning Basics Spinning Basics, Fundamentals of Spinning

The relationship between the properties of raw cotton and the quality of yarn l The problems caused by the use of single raw cotton spinning.

1) Due to the limited use time of single raw cotton spinning, raw materials should be changed frequently, resulting in fluctuations in production and yarn quality.

2) The performance of the raw cotton can not be fully exerted (such as: the length of the raw cotton is long; The fineness of that raw cotton is fine, etc.).

3) Low-grade cotton, backflower and reused cotton cannot be used, and the spinning cost is high.

The purpose of cotton blending.

1. Rational use of raw cotton, a variety of collocation, learn from each other's strengths.

The use of mixed cotton spinning, give full play to the characteristics of various raw cotton, learn from each other's strengths, and meet the quality requirements of different varieties and different uses of yarn.

2. Maintain the relative stability of production and yarn quality.

3. Save cotton and reduce the cost of raw cotton.

Not all indicators and spinning properties of the raw cotton are good, and conversely, the raw cotton with poor quality is not all bad. For example, in the mixed cotton with shorter fiber, a certain proportion of low-grade cotton with a longer length is appropriately mixed, and when the fiber thread density is coarse, the low-grade cotton with lower maturity and finer thread density is mixed, which not only reduces the cost and saves cotton, but also improves the quality of the yarn.

"Yarn count" in short, that is, the thickness of the yarn, China is currently commonly used or the "British system", that is: one pound (454 grams) of cotton yarn (or other component yarn), the length of 840 yards (yards), the fineness of the yarn is a piece. That is, one pound of yarn, the length of which is 10x840 yards, the fineness of which is 10 threads, and so on.

How to represent yarn counts.

The symbol for the British form is the English letter "s".

The expression of a single yarn is: 32 single yarns--- expressed as: 32s

The strands are expressed as follows: 32 strands (two twists) are: 32s 2, 42 strands 3 twists are: 42s 3.

Yarn for textile fabrics:

To recognize clothing fabrics, we must first understand what yarn is and what thread is, because any textile fabric is made up of yarn.

The so-called yarn: it is a product made by arranging textile fibers in parallel and twisting. The product made by combining and twisting two or more yarns is called thread or strand. Definition.

D is the abbreviation of denier, which is a fineness expression method of chemical fibers, which refers to the weight grams of 9000 meters of filament at a fixed moisture regain rate, also known as denier number. The higher the d value, the thicker the yarn. For example, 75d is thicker than 50d.

S is the abbreviation of Yingzhi, which is used to indicate the fineness of pure cotton yarn, and refers to the number of 840 yards (one yard equal to a meter) length of one pound (454 grams) of cotton silk. That is, there are several 840 yards, that is, several threads, so the larger the s, the finer the yarn. For example:

32s is thinner than 21s.

The basic principle of spinning is to completely break the original local horizontal connection of the fiber, and firmly establish the vertical connection of the end and end.

Looms put many animal and plant fibers.

Twisted together to form thread or yarn, which can be used to weave cloth. All spinning machines do only two things: first, a large number of staple fibers are aggregated into loose cotton threads, and then the cotton threads are pulled out little by little and twisted into fine cotton threads, which become longer after twisting.

The so-called spinning is an act of taking animal or vegetable fibers and twisting them into a continuous and infinitely extended yarn in order to be suitable for weaving. The twist of the yarn itself makes the fibers come back and hold tightly together, which is very beneficial for weaving or knitting. The twist of the yarn and the diameter of the yarn have a long time, the way of measurement is determined by how many turns in each inch of yarn, and expressed as low, medium or high, usually the higher the twist, the more revolutions of the yarn, the better the strength of the yarn.

Low-twist yarns are commonly used to create smooth, shiny or soft, matte fabrics; Conversely, fabrics with a wrinkled feel or a coarse surface require high-twist yarn to manufacture.

In the spinning process, it is first necessary to remove impurities, that is, the preliminary processing of the raw material, also known as the preparation of the spinning raw material. The types of raw materials are different, the types and properties of impurities are different, and the processing methods and processes are also different. The preliminary processing method of raw materials mainly includes physical methods, chemical methods and methods combining physics and chemistry.

Fiber release is a complete removal of the lateral connection between fibers, but fiber damage must be minimized. The collection of fibers is to re-establish the longitudinal connection of the fibers processed by loosening, which is continuous, and the fiber distribution in the aggregate should be uniform, and at the same time have a certain linear density and strength.

Polyester-cotton blended yarn is generally mixed in two draws, if the raw materials are mixed, the average fineness, length and nominal moisture regain? According to the weighted calculation of the dry weight blending ratio of 65:35, the feeding is calculated according to the wet weight, and the polyester is 65 * (1+) and the raw cotton is 35 * (1 +

When the draw is mixed, the first is spun into a carded cotton strip, respectively, through a draw, control the weight, such as the polyester cotton strip together after the control of the dry weight of grams, the pure cotton strip after the dry weight of the gram, then two and on the five polyester cotton strips and two pure cotton strips, the dry weight ratio is: 35, three parallel strips will be mixed and mixed evenly, spun into roving, on the spinning frame.

The average fineness is the same for the rest.

Spinning process technology flow:

To spin cotton into yarn, it generally has to go through the main processes such as clearing, carding, drawing, roving, and spinning. Yarns and threads used for high-end products require additional combing processes.

For the production of cotton yarn with different requirements, different processing procedures should also be adopted, if spinning pure cotton yarn and polyester-cotton blended yarn, due to the different raw materials used, the physical properties of various raw materials are different, and the product quality requirements are different, different production processes need to be used in processing.

1) Pure cotton yarn process:

1. Carded yarn: clearing, carding, cotton head and two and roving and spinning after processing.

2. Combed yarn: clearing, carding, pre-combing, combing, combing, and two-and-three-and-seizing roving and spinning post-processing.

2) The process flow of polyester-cotton blended yarn:

1. Carded yarn: raw cotton: clear flower, carded cotton head and two and three and three and roving and spinning after processing.

Polyester: clear flower carded cotton.

2 Combed Yarn:

Raw cotton: clearing, carding, pre-combing, combing, combing, two, three, roving, spinning, post-processing.

Polyester: clear flower carded cotton pre-combined.

Spinning, originated from a very early era, using some fibers to twist into threads, and then weave into a kind of handmade cloth, and then cut the cloth to make clothes. The earliest spinning machine is a wooden and ancient mechanical equipment, which is made step by step by hand, with the development of the times, to today's mechanized production, but its process is always the same, today we will understand how the great ancient ancestors finally weaved cloth step by step, and the spinning process has been passed down to the present.

The initial yarn spinning process is to get the raw materials is the first step is to remove the impurities in the raw materials, remove the impurities in the raw materials, and then process the chaotic fibers into a certain order and then comb them, the next step is to remove the small impurities in the raw materials, so that the fibers remain parallel and straight, and then the end of the line drafting. Finally, the fibers are twisted in a spiral shape and fixed, so that the process of twisting the fibers into threads is completed, which was made step by step by hand in ancient times. There is a special equipment called a spinning wheel, which is used to spin the yarn at the same time and wind the yarn directly after spinning.

The Qing Dynasty reached its peak of spinning.

Every step of modern mechanized spinning is completed by a machine, the first step is to open the cotton, that is, after dividing the fibers in the rice chemical fiber bag into a small bundle, remove the impurities and linters in these fibers, and mix all kinds of single fibers together, and comb them into a uniform cotton sliver. The next step is to put the sorted slivers into the carding machine and draw them, usually 6-8 slivers are combined into the drawing frame and then drafted into a sliver, and then the sliver is turned into fine yarn.

If the sliver is stretched, elongated and stretched, it is roving, and then a certain twist is added to the roving and then wound on the bobbin, and the process of yarn is to merge two or more single yarns together to form one. The yarn that is combined together with a certain twist can be processed into strands, so that the thread has a certain strength.

Spinning in the production process because it is flammable, so we must do a good job of fire prevention measures, the storage of finished spinning products in the warehouse as far as possible to avoid the downtown area and close to the water source convenient place, the storage place must be ventilated and dry, too wet is easy to cause the quality of spinning to deteriorate, and the warehouse should be done with the distance from other buildings and fire prevention measures, equipped with fire extinguishers and other equipment. The storage and placement of spinning yarn must leave a certain channel, all fireworks and flammable items are strictly prohibited in the warehouse, and the lines in the warehouse should be routed in strict accordance with the standards and be overhauled regularly, so as to avoid losses caused by the line.

Clear carded cotton (combed) drawn roving spinning winding.