What are the main components of polluted air?

Aerosols (commonly known as smoke) and solid particulate matter in ordinary environments, carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides emitted by automobiles, etc.;

The main indoor pollutants are formaldehyde, benzene, various volatile solvents, radon (from natural stone, radioactive, carcinogenic) dust, etc.;

Petrochemical enterprises are usually hydrogen sulfide, benzene, and some acid gases, including sulfur dioxide and hydrogen sulfide;

There are also ammonia and its derivatives, various alcohols, ethers and various alkanes (foul odor).

The chemistry of war**, including mustard gas, phosgene and diphosgene, sarin, dimethyl phosphate, class V, etc., is very diverse.

Of course, there are too many types to list one by one, and the main pollution in non-war environments is mainly automobile emissions and chemical plants, and coal-fired heating in winter is also very important pollution**.

Composition: mainly solid particle dust, sulfide gases, nitriding gases (note: the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide is not air pollution).

Generally, indoor pollution mainly includes formaldehyde, benzene, toluene, xylene, ammonia and TVOC.

Soot, sulfur oxides (SO2), nitrogen oxides, organic compounds, halides, carbon compounds (CO), etc.

Sulfur and nitrogen oxides, as well as some smoke and dust, are mainly products of coal combustion.

Dust and harmful gases: carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide.

The main components of air are nitrogen and oxygen. The normal air composition by volume fraction is: nitrogen (N2) accounts for about 78%, oxygen (O2) accounts for about 21%, rare gases account for about helium HE, neon Ne, argon argon, krypton KR, xenon XE, radon RN), carbon dioxide (CO2), and other gases and impurities account for about about ozone (O3), nitric oxide (NO), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), water vapor (H2O), etc.

The differences between air and oxygen are:1. The composition is different.

Air is a mixture of nitrogen, oxygen, noble gases (helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon, radon, gas), carbon dioxide and other substances (e.g. water vapor, impurities, etc.). Oxygen, on the other hand, is a pure substance that contains only oxygen itself.

2. The physical properties are different.

At 0 and one standard atmosphere (PA) the air density is. The molar volume is mol. The relative density of oxygen is, water 1), relative vapor density air 1), saturation vapor pressure.

Outdoor air pollutants mainly include: dust inhalable particulate matter, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, etc.; Indoor air pollutants mainly include: formaldehyde, freon, kitchen fumes [carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, acrolein, benzo(a)pyrene, etc.], tobacco smoke [carbon monoxide, nicotine, aldehydes, benzo(a)pyrene, etc.] and radioactive substances.

The main substance of air pollution at present is carbon dioxide. Due to the increase in carbon dioxide emissions, the ecological balance of the earth has been damaged, which has led to various natural disasters.

First of all, most of them are industrial exhaust gases, and they are everywhere, and the other is some pollutants caused by the burning of garbage everywhere.

The main components of air are nitrogen, oxygen, noble gases (helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon, radon), ozone, nitric oxide, nitrogen dioxide, water vapor.

The proportions are: nitrogen (N2) accounts for about 78%, oxygen (O2) accounts for about 21%, rare gases account for about helium HE, neon Ne, argon argon, krypton KR, xenon XE, radon RN), carbon dioxide (CO2), and other gases and impurities, such as ozone (O3), nitric oxide (NO), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), water vapor (H2O), etc.

Air Profile:

Air, which is layered on the earth's surface, transparent and colorless and odorless, is mainly composed of nitrogen and oxygen, which has an important impact on human survival and production.

The composition of air is not fixed, and as the altitude changes, the air pressure changes, and the proportion of air composition also changes. But for a long time, it was believed that air was a single substance, until later the French scientist Lavoisier first came to the conclusion that air is composed of oxygen and nitrogen through experiments.

In addition, green plants use carbon dioxide from the air for photosynthesis, and air is almost the only carbon dioxide required by all plants**.

Clean air is defined as unpolluted air. Its composition should be consistent with that of normal air, usually compared with the local value of the air composition to determine whether it is clean or polluted.

Colorless, odorless, the main components are nitrogen and oxygen, as well as a very small amount of radon, helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon and other rare gases and water vapor, carbon dioxide and dust.

According to the harmful substances emitted into the air, the air polluted components can be divided into the following categories: dust (such as carbon particles, etc.), metal dust (such as iron, aluminum, etc.), wet mist (such as oil mist, acid mist, etc.), harmful gases (such as carbon monoxide, hydrogen sulfide, nitrogen oxides, etc.).From a worldwide perspective, the harmful gases that emit more and are more harmful are sulfur dioxide and carbon monoxide.

Sulphur dioxide is produced by the combustion of coal and oil. Carbon monoxide is mainly emitted when a car is running. Globally, it is estimated that carbon monoxide emits more than sulphur dioxide.

The main outdoor air pollutants include: dust inhalable particulate matter, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen and oxygen compounds, carbon monoxide, etc.; Indoor air pollutants mainly include: formaldehyde, freon, kitchen fumes [carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, acrolein, benzo(a)pyrene, etc.], tobacco smoke [carbon monoxide, nicotine, aldehydes, benzo(a)pyrene, etc.] and radioactive substances.

Air pollution, also known as air pollution, according to the definition of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), generally refers to the phenomenon that certain substances enter the atmosphere due to human activities or natural processes, present sufficient concentrations, reach sufficient time, and thus endanger human comfort, health and welfare or the environment.

In other words, as long as the quantity, nature and time of a substance exist enough to have an impact on human beings or other living beings or property, we can call it an air pollutant; And the phenomenon caused by its existence is air pollution.

On October 27, 2017, the World Health Organization's International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) released a preliminary list of carcinogens, and outdoor air pollution was included in the list of Class I carcinogens. According to the Indian Express on May 18, 2022, in 2019, air pollution alone caused 6.67 million deaths globally, of which India had 1.67 million, making it the country with the highest number of air pollution-related deaths of any country.

Air pollutants generally refer to foreign substances that enter the near-surface or lower atmosphere in gaseous form.

Such as nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides and carbon oxides, as well as dust, suspended particles, etc., sometimes including formaldehyde, radon and various organic solvents, which have adverse effects on the human body or ecosystem.

Air pollutants mainly include: carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NOx), hydrocarbons (H air pollutant C), sulfur oxides and particulate matter (PM).

1. Carbon monoxide: It is a colorless, tasteless, odorless flammable and toxic gas, which is the product of incomplete combustion of carbon-containing fuels, and the problem of carbon monoxide pollution is more prominent in high-altitude cities or cold environments.

2. Nitrogen oxides: mainly refer to nitric oxide (NO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2), most of which are used in the high-temperature combustion process of fossil fuels. Nitric oxide is relatively harmless, but it is quickly oxidized by ozone in the air and turned into nitrogen dioxide.

3. Ozone: It is a representative pollutant of photochemical smog, which is mainly formed and enriched by nitrogen oxides and hydrocarbons in the air through a series of complex atmospheric chemical reactions under strong sunlight.

4. Carbon balance hydrogenates: Hydrocarbons in nature are mainly produced by the decomposition of organisms, such as methane, ethylene, etc.