What are the ways to disinfect the soil?

1. Scorching sun exposure.

The easiest way is to use a piece of black plastic film, spread the soil on it, spread the soil evenly, expose it to the scorching sun, and often turn the soil, you can kill the germs and insect eggs and insects in the soil, generally 2 3 days of continuous exposure, you can complete the sterilization and insecticide of the soil.

The use of black plastic film when exposed to the sun is mainly to increase the ability to absorb heat, which can produce a higher temperature, so as to better kill germs and insect eggs; Turning the soil frequently can clear out all kinds of hidden weeds, and also allow the soil to be evenly heated.

2. Disinfection of boiling water.

After the water is boiled, the temperature can reach more than 90 degrees to 100 degrees, the boiling water is poured directly into the soil, the old soil can be packed in a container first, and then poured boiling water, be sure to water evenly, the waste water over the soil surface, and after the soil is dried to room temperature, it can be spread out for use.

3. Use of quicklime and plant ash.

Quicklime can be used to disinfect and improve soil, increase nitrogen content in soil, and neutralize acidity in soil. In the soil, a little quicklime can be mixed appropriately to achieve the effect of sterilization and disinfection. Of course, the dosage must be less than more, after using quicklime, the soil needs to be left for a week or two before use.

Grass ash can also achieve the effect of sterilization and disinfection, but now it is rare to collect plant ash in the city, this method is more suitable for friends in rural areas, plant ash can also be bought online, but it is certainly not so cost-effective.

4. Soil fungicide.

Sprinkle some fungicides in the soil to achieve the effect of sterilization, such as the commonly used carbendazim. If you want to remove the germs in the soil, you can also use the dichloride, which can prevent the growth of germs and has a good effect on preventing root rot.

Of course, there are a variety of different fungicides on the market, in addition to fungicides, it is necessary to add some beneficial microbial agents to the soil to improve the soil.

5. Soil pesticides.

If you want to remove eggs and insects in the soil, you also need to use soil insecticides, which can be used more insecticides, such as imidacloprid, dinotefuran and cyfluthrin, etc., which are generally managed for half a year at a time. It can remove common ants, needleworms, red spiders, small black flies, scale insects, aphids and maggots in the soil.

After these agents are sterilized and insecticidal, they can be mixed with some fertile soil, and the amount of old soil should not exceed 30% of the potting soil. In the soil, you can mix some compost soil and well-rotted manure. If you are planting potted plants, it is recommended to use well-rotted sheep manure and cow manure, the fertility will be milder and not easy to burn the plant.

1. Sunlight disinfection.

Put the prepared culture soil on a clean concrete floor, wooden board or iron sheet, spread it thinly, and expose it to the sun for 3 15 days, which can kill a large number of germ spores, hyphae and eggs, pests, and nematodes. Although disinfection is not thorough, it is the most convenient.

2. Steam sterilization.

Put the nutrient soil into a steamer or pressure cooker and steam it to 60 100 degrees Celsius for 30 to 60 minutes (the heating time should not be too long, so as not to kill the beneficial microorganisms that can decompose the fertilizer and affect the soil fertilizer efficiency), which can kill most bacteria, fungi, nematodes and insects, and make most of the weed seeds lose their vitality.

3. Boiled and sterilized.

Pour the culture soil into the pot, add water and boil for 30 to 60 minutes, then drain the water and dry to moderate humidity.

4. Fire disinfection.

A small amount of soil for seedbed or cuttings and sowing can be put into an iron pot or iron plate to add fire to burn, and then burn for an hour after the soil particles become dry, so that the diseases and insects in the soil can be completely eliminated.

5. Pharmaceutical treatment.

Different agents can be used in home flower raising to fumigate the soil, that is, after the soil is sifted, a layer of soil is sprayed with chemicals, then a layer of soil is added, and then a layer of chemicals is sprayed, and finally covered with plastic film, sealed for 5 7 days, and then open for ventilation for 3 5 days before use. Commonly used agents are formaldehyde, zebze, carbendazim, sulfur powder, etc.

How to disinfect the soil when planting green plants? Teach you several methods.

1. Blanch with boiling water.

There will be a lot of invisible insect eggs in the soil brought back from the mountains or in the wild, and after taking it home, it is scalded several times with 100 boiling water, and then spread out to dry.

2. High temperature exposure.

This method is more suitable for summer, if you find that the weather is very good, you can spread the soil on the roof or yard and expose it to the sun, which can also kill the eggs and bacteria.

3. Microwave oven sterilization.

The microwave oven is the fastest sterilization, 5 minutes is good, of course, the premise is that there will not be a lot of soil, put the soil in plastic wrap or a bag, add some water to the bag, on the one hand, to avoid burning, on the other hand, it will not destroy the nutrients in the soil because of the high temperature. Leave an air outlet on the bag.

If you find the microwave oven unsafe, you can use an oven instead.

4. Steam the soil in a large pot.

The soil can also be steamed in an old pot that is not used at home, put an old handkerchief or something on the cage drawer to prevent the pot from being soiled, steam it at high temperature for 20 minutes, the proteins are denatured, basically no organisms can survive, and the sterilization and disinfection are very thorough.

Pay attention to ventilation when steaming to disperse the flavor.

There are also flower friends who use a wok to heat to fry, the methods are almost the same, interested flower friends can give it a try!

5. Drug disinfection.

The above disinfection methods are common physical disinfection methods, and we can also use drugs to disinfect, such as watering the soil with carbendazim aqueous solution, or directly mixing carbendazim in the soil; Without carbendazim, it can be replaced by fungicides such as potassium permanganate and chlorothalonil.

The safest way is to sterilize with physical methods first, such as boiling water after scalding, or after exposure, and then mix carbendazim powder into the soil, mix evenly and then plant.

Diluted ferrous sulfate or potassium permanganate is poured into the soil and covered with a film. 3. Heating: Wrap the soil in a bag and put it in a pot to steam.

4. Prepare soil: mix gravel, decomposed organic fertilizer and soil evenly. How to sterilize and disinfect the soil 1, when the soil is disinfected by sunlight exposure, the soil can be directly placed on the floor or wooden board, and then moved to an environment with direct light, exposed to the sun for 2-3 days, turning the soil every 3-4 hours, and the eggs and bacteria can be eliminated after exposure.

2. If you want to completely disinfect the bacteria in the soil, you can spray potassium permanganate, ferrous sulfate, tobuzin, etc., dilute the agent with water and water it into the soil, then cover it with plastic film, lift it after 2 days, and dry the soil for 1 week. 3. If there is a continuous rainy day in the heat treatment, the soil can be wrapped in a plastic bag, and then placed in a pot to heat, after the temperature in the soil rises, it can destroy bacteria, or directly water boiling water in the soil. 4. After the preparation of soil disinfection, it can be mixed with fine gravel, humus and sediment soil to increase the air permeability of the soil, and add well-rotted manure to the soil to provide nutrients to the root system of the plant.

The best way to disinfect the soil of the seedbed of vegetable seedlings is with pesticides, five-way nitrobenzene plus zinc.

How to disinfect the soil when planting green plants? Teach you several methods.

1. Pharmaceutical disinfection method. The simple steps are: (1) Clean the shed.

At the end of the stubble, all plant residues are removed from the greenhouse and buried or incinerated. (2) Dig deep into the soil. When the soil moisture is suitable, turn it deeply, to a depth of about 35 cm or more, and beat the large clods into fine pieces.

3) Medications. There are many potions available. For example, 50% carbendazim wettable powder can be used to prevent root rot, stem rot, leaf blight and gray spot and other diseases per square meter of soil; It can also be sprayed on the soil with a concentration of about 2% alcohol (mixed with water) and then covered with plastic film for 1-2 weeks; Or spray with the same amount of Bordeaux liquid kilograms per square meter of soil, which has obvious effects on black spot, spot disease, gray mold, brown spot and anthracnose.

It can also be used to disinfect the greenhouse by fumigation, and the commonly used fumigants are: Mianlong, chloropicrin and other agents. The fumigation method is to inject the fumigant into the soil with a soil syringe or soil disinfection machine, and cover the soil surface with a film and other substances in time, so that the toxic gases of the fumigant can spread in the soil, so as to achieve the purpose of killing germs.

Although the pesticide disinfection method is widely used, long-term use will damage the soil structure, cause environmental pollution, and reduce soil fertility, so it should be treated with caution, and it is best to combine other measures for soil disinfection.

2. Solar disinfection method. Solar disinfection is the cheapest and most environmentally friendly method. This method uses the high temperatures in summer (July and August) to kill pests and diseases with the help of solar energy.

When disinfection, first eliminate the remains of the diseased plants before stubble and thoroughly clean the greenhouse, and then turn the soil deep (apply organic fertilizer first, use 2 bags of Jiamei dividends per mu), then irrigate with water, and then fully cover the greenhouse soil with polyethylene plastic film, and then close and expose to the sun for 15-25 days, so that the soil temperature in the 10 cm soil is as high as 50-60 or more, which can effectively prevent soil-borne diseases such as wilt, bacterial wilt, soft rot, etc., and at the same time, high temperature can also kill nematodes and other eggs. However, the disadvantage of this method is that the effective soil layer for disinfection is only 10-15 cm below the surface, and the disease prevention effect of crops with deep roots is poor.

3. Hot water disinfection method. This method uses boilers and other equipment to heat water to more than 75, and then pour hot water into the soil to raise the soil temperature for disinfection. Before disinfection, more organic fertilizer should be applied, and then the soil should be turned deeply, and the soil should be leveled, and then drip irrigation pipes should be laid on the ground, and the ground should be sealed with good quality plastic film, and then hot water should be introduced.

The amount of water supplied varies depending on the quality of the soil, the outside temperature, and the type of cultivated crop. In general, when the disinfection range is 0-20 cm underground, 1 square meter of soil is filled with 100 kg of hot water; When the disinfection range is 0-30 cm, 1 square meter of soil is filled with 200 kg of hot water. This method has a significant effect on the prevention and control of soil-borne diseases, nematodes and weeds, with an effect of more than 95%.

At the same time, this method has the advantage of being able to be carried out at any time regardless of the season.

1. Radiation disinfection.

Sterilization is carried out with highly penetrating and energetic rays, such as cobalt-60 rays.

2. Chemical substance disinfection.

Sterilize with highly active oxidizing agents or alkylating agents, such as ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, formaldehyde and active chlorine, etc., and after disinfection, the agent should be fully dissipated to remove residual toxins.

3. Disinfectant.

Pesticides are applied to the soil before and after sowing with the aim of preventing the spread of seed carryover and soil-borne diseases. The main application methods are as follows:

1) Spraying or watering method. The agent is diluted to a certain concentration with water, sprayed on the surface of the soil with spray, or directly irrigated into the soil, so that the liquid can penetrate into the deep soil and kill the bacteria in the soil. The spray treatment soil is suitable for field, seedling nutrient soil, lawn regeneration, etc.

The irrigation method is suitable for the irrigation of fruit trees, melons, nightshade crops and the disinfection of various crop seedbeds.

2) Poison soil method. The agent is first formulated into poison soil and then administered. The preparation method of toxic soil is to mix pesticides (emulsifiable concentrate, wettable powder) with fine soil with a certain humidity in proportion. The application methods of poisonous soil include furrow application, hole application and sprinkling application.

The best methods of soil disinfection: sun exposure, drug disinfection, heat treatment.

1. Sun exposure

When disinfecting the soil, you can directly put the soil on the floor or wooden board, and then move it to an environment with direct light, expose it to the sun for 2-3 days, and turn the soil every 3-4 hours, and the eggs and bacteria can be eliminated after exposure.

2. Drug disinfection

If you want to completely disinfect the bacteria in the soil, you can spray potassium permanganate, ferrous sulfate, tobuzin, etc., dilute the agent with water, water it into the soil, then cover it with plastic film, lift it after 2 days, and dry the soil for 1 week.

3. Heat treatment

If there are continuous rainy days, you can wrap the soil in a plastic bag and put it in a pot to heat it, and when the temperature in the soil rises, it can destroy bacteria, or you can pour boiling water directly into the soil.

Types of soil used for planting:

1. Garden soil

Garden soil actually refers to the soil in the vegetable garden, and it is also the most common kind of cultivation soil for raising flowers, and the fertility of the vegetable garden soil is also relatively sufficient, because the vegetable garden is basically used to grow vegetables, and the vegetables will naturally be fertilized, and there will be some rotten leaves fermented and rotted, which will increase the nutrients of the soil, so the fertility of the vegetable garden soil is not to worry.

2. Pine needle soil

The soil formed after the leaves of the pine tree fall into the soil and then decay, this is called pine needle soil, which is also relatively acidic, and is more suitable for planting gardenias and other plants. This kind of soil also has a disadvantage, that is, it has poor water retention, and the soil is easy to dry, which also has an impact on the growth of plants.