Du Fu de Chunwang, Du Fu Chunwang verses

The country is broken by mountains and rivers, and the city is deep in spring grass and trees1.

When I feel the tears, I hate the birds and am thrilling 2.

The beacon fire lasted for three months, and the family letter was worth 10,000 gold3.

The whitehead scratching is shorter, and the hairpin is overwhelming4.

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1.The country is broken: the mountains and rivers are still the same, but the personnel are no longer there, and the country is broken. Spring arrives in the capital, but the palaces and houses are barren and overgrown with weeds.

2.There are two interpretations of these two sentences: one is that the poet is sad about current affairs and cares about his relatives, so he weeps when he sees the flowers bloom (or tears splashed on the flowers), and he is also frightened when he hears the birdsong. Another said to be the anthropomorphism of flowers and birds, because of the sadness of the time, the flowers also shed tears, and the birds are also frightened. Both can be said.

3.Lian March: It means that two springs have passed since the war last year until now. Worth 10,000 dollars: It is rare to say that family letters.

4.Desire: Literally. Invincible hairpin: There is so little hair that you can't even insert a hairpin.

This poem was written in March of the second year of Zhide (757). At this time, Du Fu was still trapped in Chang'an, which was occupied by the Anshi rebels, and the poet saw that the mountains and rivers were still the same, the country was ruined, and the land was full of desolation when he returned to the land in spring. The first two sentences focus on the big picture and are tragic strokes; The second two sentences are written from a small place, crying when they see the flowers blooming, and they are shocked when they hear the birds.

Shen Deqian noticed that these two lines of poetry were"It's sad to have fun"("Tang Poetry Tailoring"). Five or six sentences are written about the sorrow of the country and family, and seven or eight sentences are written about the depth of sorrow. The whole poem is a blend of scenes, and the feelings of worrying about the country and homesickness are deeply touching, especially.

The fifth and sixth sentences have become widely recited because they express a common spiritual phenomenon in human life. Sima Guang once advocated writing poetry"The intention is beyond words, so that people can think about it"。He said"The poet of modern times, Wei Zimei, is the most poet", and take this poem as an example (see "Wen Gong's Continued Poems").

and "Tang Poetry Classification Rope Ruler" cloud:"Zimei's poem, with deep feelings and thoughts, is sentimental and sad, and it is intended to be beyond words. "

The country is broken by mountains and rivers, and the city is deep in spring.

When I feel the tears, I hate the birds.

The beacon fire lasted for three months, and the family letter was worth 10,000 dollars.

The whitehead scratching is shorter, and the hairpin is overwhelming.

The verses of Du Fu's "Spring Hope" are as follows:

The country is broken by mountains and rivers, and the city is deep in spring.

When I feel the tears, I hate the birds.

The beacon fire lasted for three months, and the family letter was worth 10,000 dollars.

The whitehead scratching is shorter, and the hairpin is overwhelming.

Vernacular translation: The national capital has fallen, only the mountains and rivers remain, and the urban area in spring is overgrown with wild grass.

I am sad and sad to see the flowers bloom but cry, and the birdsong of parting from my family makes my heart palpitate.

The smoke of war has never stopped in March, and family letters are precious and worth thousands of gold.

Depressed and upset, only scratching the head, causing the white hair to be sparse and unable to insert the hairpin.

Overall appreciation:

This poem reflects the poet's love for the country, the beautiful sentiment of remembering his family, the meaning is through but not straight, the scene is both and not free, the feelings are strong and the thoughts are quiet but not shallow, the content is rich but not complicated, the rhythm is rigorous but not sluggish, and the five laws are upright and upright, written sonorously, and the bearing is vigorous, so it has been popular for more than 1,200 years, and it has endured.

This poem is full of scenes, deep feelings, subtle and concise, concise and concise, fully embodying the artistic style of "depression and frustration". The structure of the poem is compact, around the word "hope", from the distant view to the focal perspective, from far to near, from weak to strong, in this cross-transformation of feelings and scenery implicitly conveys the poet's sighs and indignation.

From the beginning of the description of the scenery of the national capital, to the tears of seeing the spring flowers, and hearing the birdsong and resentment; Writing about the war for so long that there was no news at home, and finally writing about his own grievances and aging, intertwined and progressive, creating a realm that can arouse people's resonance and deep thought.

This poem expresses the typical feelings generated in the typical background of the times, reflects the good wishes of the people of the same era to love the country and look forward to peace, expresses the inner voice of the people, and also shows the poet's noble emotions of worrying about the country and the people, and feeling sad from time to time.

Spring Hope. Du Xunyunfu Tang Dynasty

The country is broken by mountains and rivers, and the city is deep in spring.

When I feel the tears, I hate the birds.

The beacon fire lasted for three months, and the family letter was worth 10,000 dollars.

The whitehead scratching is shorter, and the hairpin is overwhelming.

Translations and annotations.

Translations. The capital of the country was invaded, but the mountains and rivers remained, and the weeds and trees in Chang'an City grew luxuriantly.

Sentimental about national affairs, I couldn't help but cry when I saw the flowers blooming, I felt melancholy and resentment in my heart, and when I heard the birdsong, I felt that the cry was also very worrying.

The continuous war has lasted for a spring, and family letters are rare, and one letter is worth 10,000 taels**.

Worried, scratching his head and thinking, the gray hair is getting shorter and shorter, and he can't even insert a hairpin.

Exegesis. Country: The national capital, referring to Chang'an (now Xi'an, Shaanxi).

Broken: Falling. Mountains and rivers are in: the mountains and rivers of the old days still exist.

City: Chang'an City.

Deep vegetation: refers to sparsely populated.

Sentimental: Sentimental for the current situation of the country.

Tear splashing: Tears.

Hate parting: Hate parting.

Beacon fire: the fireworks of the border guard alarm in ancient times, here refers to the war of the Anshi Rebellion. March: New Year, February, March.

Arrival: Value, quite.

Whitehead: This refers to white hair. Scratching: Gently grasp with your fingers.

Hun: Simply. Desire: Want, want, want.

Victory: to endure, to endure. Hairpin: A type of jewelry that binds hair. Ancient men grew long hair, tied it on the top of their heads when they were adults, and tied it horizontally with a hairpin to prevent it from falling apart.

Artistic conception appreciation: In June 756, the Anshi rebels captured Chang'an. In July, Tang Suzong ascended the throne in Lingwu Bureau, and Du Fu heard the news and went to Mulaliang Suzong.

On the way, he was captured by the rebels and taken to Chang'an. "Spring Hope" was written in March of the following year. It concentrates on expressing the poet's feelings of sorrow for the country and sadness for his family and self-sorrow, which is deeply moving.

The country is broken by mountains and rivers, and the city is deep in spring. When I feel the tears, I hate the birds. The beacon fire lasted for three months, and the family letter was worth 10,000 dollars. The whitehead scratching is shorter, and the hairpin is overwhelming.

Refer to Translation 1

The country has been shattered, and only the mountains and rivers remain. It's spring again in Chang'an City, but after the burning and looting of the rebels, it has long been desolate, and deep and dense grass and trees grow everywhere. Although the spring flowers are in full bloom, it is not pleasant to see it, but to make ** tears, and I feel that the flowers seem to be crying; Although there are spring birds and chirping everywhere, my heart is sad because I am parting with my family, and listening to the birdsong is not only unhappy, but also frightening.

The war has lasted for a long time, and there has been no news from the family for a long time, and a letter from home can be worth 10,000 taels**. Due to sadness and trouble, the gray hair on his head became thinner and thinner, and he couldn't even wear a hairpin.

Reference Translation 2: The old country has fallen, the mountains and rivers are still empty, spring is coming, and the barren grass in Chang'an City is deep. Sighing at the current situation, I couldn't help but shed tears when I saw the flowers blooming, resentful parting, and I couldn't help but feel terrified when I heard the birdsong. The war continues, and now it is late spring in March, and the family letter is precious, enough to be worth tens of thousands of taels**.

In the pain, my gray hair became shorter and shorter, and I couldn't even insert the hairpin.