Where did the regulations on the towage capacity of the Yangtze River main line fleet first come fro

Can you buy a sketch map of the Yangtze River and a shipping map of the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal?

Boats of the Han Dynasty.

In the Han Dynasty, water and land transportation was very developed. The "Historical Records" recorded: small armed ships.

1 armed 160

8 armed patrol boats.

2 armed 1080

22 small frigates.

Armed 3 20100

37 light escort ships. 4 armed with 30

61 medium armored warships, 5 armed with 40

78 heavy escort ships. 6 armed with 50

109 cruisers. 7 armed 60

162 destroyers. 8 armed 70

219 cruisers. 9 armed 80

286 battlecruisers.

10 armed 90

302 "Rich businessmen travel the world", and "Hanshu Meicheng Biography" also says "Where the party loses the wrong place, it runs thousands of miles,......The land is endless, and the water is full of rivers. "Inland waterway shipping is very busy, and the scope of maritime shipping is even larger, from the Sea of Japan in the north, to the Strait of Malacca in the south, and to the Bay of Bengal in the west, there are Chinese fleets. At that time, there was a relatively complete naval system, which shows that the shipbuilding industry is extraordinary.

The boat that Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty took was known as "able to take 10,000 people and go up to the palace." "He built the most powerful naval force in the world at that time, mainly building ships and more than 1,000 warships. In 112 B.C., he sent 100,000 soldiers to attack Panyu (Guangzhou) in five ways, which was the first time in the history of world naval warfare that the sea ** team attacked the land castle.

His offensive conquests in Fujian and the naval battles in Korea were victorious. According to the examination, the building ship is more than 10 zhang high, divided into four layers, which can be called the sign of the initial maturity of shipbuilding design and technology, and the progress of shipbuilding technology is also manifested in the invention and use of oars, rudders and cloth sails. The turret appeared in the Western Han Dynasty.

The oars are thrust by the left and right swings of the oars, and the paddle is changed from a gap to a continuous stroke, and the lever principle is used to save physical strength. The pottery ship unearthed from the tomb of the Eastern Han Dynasty in Guangzhou, with an anchor in front and a rudder at the stern, enables people to flexibly grasp the course, which is another progress in the shipbuilding industry. The Shang Dynasty oracle bone inscription already has the word "sail", and the Eastern Han Dynasty used cloth sails to solve the power of ships by using wind power, which was an important invention.

Due to the needs of the military and the sea, especially in the economically developed areas of the south, the shipbuilding industry has developed compared with the previous generation. At the time of Wu Wang, more than 5,000 official ships were received. Soochow repeatedly sent fleets to the north to Liaodong and the South China Sea to the south, and also sent a fleet of 10,000 people to Taiwan.

Its large ship has five floors and carries 3,000 people, and the average sea vessel can carry 80 horses. It can be seen that the ships designed at that time were very much in line with the development needs of coastal shipping. When the Western Jin Dynasty destroyed Wu, he sent Wang Jun to make a boat in Sichuan, "even the boat, the boat is twenty steps, it can take more than 2,000 people, and the boat can also gallop back and forth" "Three Kingdoms: Xiahou Shang Biography", so when the fleet of 70,000 sailors arrived directly under Stone City, Hao had to surrender.

There are historical records that there was a storm in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, and about 10,000 merchant ships were destroyed, which shows the prosperity of the shipbuilding industry at that time.

A boat is a means of transportation at sea.

1. Modernization of social construction.

A modern medical system, education system, and social security system covering a huge population. In old China, there was no nationwide medical security system. Especially in the vast rural areas, there are almost no modern medical facilities and medical personnel.

Since the mid-50s of the last century, China has created a "cooperative medical system" in rural areas, and it has been popularized throughout the country since the 60s.

2. Modernization of economic construction.

Historically, the system has made outstanding achievements in two aspects: First, it has concentrated its efforts on building a number of major projects and projects; Second, under the condition of a relatively low level of economic development, basic social welfare has been achieved for all. But.

The shortcomings of the planned economy are also obvious, and it is unable to unleash the huge market vitality and social vitality of a society with a huge population. The most conspicuous innovation in promoting China's economic modernization is the bold realization of the transformation from a planned economic system to a socialist market economic system.

3. Modernization of national governance.

Since ancient times, China's giant society has relied on huge management systems to operate. The modernization of national governance is to create a governance system that is low-cost, high-efficiency, adheres to good laws and good governance, and has extensive participation.

From the perspective of today's social development situation, a series of new technologies such as the Internet, cloud computing, and big data have provided strong support for this. To construct such a modern national governance system, we need to continue to explore and innovate in practice.

The founding of the People's Republic of China in 1949 completely freed the motherland from the situation of oppression, and China, the sleeping lion of the East, began to slowly awaken, but it was difficult until 1978, when the Third Plenary Session of the 11th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China made a new decision to comprehensively implement reform and opening up; Since then, the spring breeze of reform and opening up has rejuvenated the land of China, and the Chinese nation has finally embarked on the great journey of national rejuvenation!

In the 30-year journey, the Chinese nation has re-established itself among the nations of the world with a new attitude; 30 years of vicissitudes of life, 30 years of glorious history, cast a nation's dream of nearly a hundred years!

The 30 years of reform and opening up have been 30 years of rapid economic prosperity in China! High-rise buildings have risen from the ground, the people's living standards have been continuously improved, China's comprehensive national strength has been continuously enhanced, and its international status has been continuously enhanced, and no major matter in the world can be held without China's participation, and China is playing an important role in the international arena more and more. The 30 years of reform and opening up are 30 years of social harmony and stability in China!

The Chinese nation is as impregnable as the Great Wall of Steel! Hong Kong returned in 97 and Macao returned in 99; In the face of the rare catastrophic flood in southern history in 1998, the terrifying SARS epidemic in 2003, the ice and snow disasters in more than a dozen provinces in 2008, and the great ** in Sichuan, the sons and daughters of China united as one, holding hands and trampling one ordeal after another.

In the 30 years of reform and opening up, our country is progressing, and the people's lives have reached a well-off level, listening to their parents, when they were young, life was very difficult, eating with food stamps, buying cloth with cloth tickets, many commodities are based on tickets, sometimes for buying daily necessities need to queue up for a long time, eating cornmeal, can only eat rice and meat during the New Year's Festival, and can only wear new clothes during the New Year. In this regard, our life has really undergone earth-shaking changes, we have no worries about food and clothing, every day life is like a festival, we can learn to find information on the computer, we can play games on the computer, and enjoy the happiness brought to us by the network world, which is the happy life brought by the reform and opening up.

The 30 years of reform and opening up have been 30 years of continuous innovation in China's aerospace industry! In 2008, the Shenzhou-7 manned space satellite, China's first lunar exploration satellite "Chang'e-1", was launched, and the astronauts left the capsule and returned smoothly; The thousand-year-old dream of the descendants of Yan and Huang has become a reality! Chinese astronauts have made the motherland a powerful country in aerospace science and technology in the process of exploration!

The Yangtze River is the longest river in China, with a total length of 6,300 kilometers (3,915 miles); It originates in the Tanggula Mountains of the Tibetan Plateau and is the third longest river in the world, after the Nile and Amazon. It is also the third largest in the world in terms of water volume. In 2001, the Institute of Remote Sensing Application of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, under the chairmanship of expert Liu Shaochuang, used satellite remote sensing images to measure and calculate, and the measurement results were accurate to the decimal point.

The length of the Yangtze River was measured in kilometers. The research team used nearly 40 satellite images covering the main stream of the Yangtze River, which were taken by the US Earth Resources Satellite with a resolution of 30 meters. The calculation method is to measure the Yangtze River forward direction three times and reverse three times along the center line of the river channel, and the results are obtained after many computer calculations and geometric corrections.

In this study, Dangqu is measured as the source of the Yangtze River, specifically from the location of the source of Dangqu at 94 degrees 35 minutes 54 seconds east longitude, 32 degrees 43 minutes 54 seconds north latitude, and 5042 meters above sea level. Dangqu (from the source to Nangji Balong) kilometers, Tuotuo River kilometers, Tongtian River kilometers, Jinsha River kilometers, Yibin kilometers below, we generally call it 6300 kilometers or 6370 kilometers. The total area of the basin is more than 1.8 million square kilometers, and the average annual water inflow is about 960 billion cubic meters.

The basin is between 24°30 35°45 north latitude and 90°33 112°25 east longitude, with an area of more than 180 million square kilometers (excluding the Huaihe River Basin), accounting for about 1 5 of the total land area of the country. It ranks 3rd in the world. Together with the Yellow River, it has become the cradle of the Chinese nation, nurturing generations of Chinese sons and daughters, and is known as the "mother river".