The theory of regional division of labor, the theory of modern regional division of labor mainly exp

Geographical division of labor. It is also known as the regional division of labor, which refers to the implementation of specialized production in a country or region according to a certain advantageous social material production sector, which is the regional manifestation of the social division of labor. The idea of regional division of labor was born long before the emergence of the classical school of economics, and later Adam Smith (clearly put forward the theory of "regional division of labor", which has the progressive significance in history is to transfer the theoretical basis for the development of international division of labor from the field of circulation to the field of production, and promote the development of international division.

In the 20 30s of the 20th century, Olin (B. Brown).Ohlin) replaced the labor theory of value with the interdependent ** theory, and further put forward the theory of "interregional division of labor". Both of these theories are premised on commodity production, and their core is to adapt measures to local conditions, make use of strong points and avoid weak points, and give full play to economic advantages, so they are correspondingly scientific.

A rational regional division of labor is conducive to mutual support and cooperation between regions, making full use of the natural conditions and labor resources of various regions, and thus improving labor productivity. The geographical division of labor is a stable and very dynamic process, which is closely related to the conditions of economic development in each region. Regional differences are the material basis of regional division of labor, and regional production specialization is the specific manifestation of regional division of labor.

The geographical division of labor has the following characteristics: the products produced in the region are not only for the consumption of the region, but also through exchange and consumption can be finally realized; The existence of certain means of transportation and commodities is the premise for the development of regional division of labor; The driving force behind the realization of the regional division of labor lies in economic benefits; The inevitable consequence of the development of the geographical division of labor is to lead to the formation of economic zones.

Adam. What are the main elements of Smith's absolute cost theory? A:

Smith believed that increasing productivity was one of the important conditions for increasing national wealth. He believes that the division of labor can greatly improve labor productivity for three reasons: First, the division of labor can increase the proficiency of laborers, so it can increase labor productivity.

Second, the division of labor allows each person to specialize in a certain job, which can save time that is not directly related to production. Third, the division of labor makes it easier for workers who specialize in a particular job to improve tools and invent mechanisms. Smith believed that every country had absolutely favorable conditions suitable for the production of certain products.

It would be advantageous for all the countries of exchange if each country specialized in production according to its absolutely favourable conditions of production and then exchanged them with one another. The division of labor and exchange between countries in accordance with their own favorable conditions will enable them to make the most effective use of their resources, labor and capital, and will greatly increase labor productivity and increase material wealth, that is, the international division of labor should be carried out according to the absolute difference in the cost of commodities due to different geographical and natural conditions.

What are the main elements of Ricardo's comparative costology? A: He believes that each country does not necessarily produce a variety of goods, but should concentrate on producing those goods with greater benefits or less disadvantages, and then carry out international **.

With the same capital and labor, the total amount of production will increase. The international division of labor thus formed is beneficial to all countries. Ricardo believed that in the situation that capital and labor cannot move freely in the world, the international division of labor according to the principle of comparative cost theory can make the allocation of labor more rational and increase the total amount of production, which is beneficial to all countries.

But the premise is complete freedom**. Therefore, the core of comparing costs is "two benefits for the heavier, two evils for the lesser".

4.What is the main content of the Herd-Russian factor endowment theory? A:

According to Ohlin, because various factors of production cannot completely replace each other, different configurations of factors of production are required for the production of different goods. According to the different factor intensities contained in commodities, international commodities can be roughly divided into labor-intensive, capital-intensive, resource-intensive or technology-intensive. The proportion of reserves of production factors varies from country to country, with some countries having relatively abundant capital and others having relatively sufficient labor.

Therefore, the relative cost of commodity production can be determined not only by technology, but also by the proportion of factors and the degree of scarcity of factors. Generally speaking, countries with relatively abundant labor force have low labor **, and the production cost of labor-intensive products is relatively low here; In countries with relatively sufficient capital, the amount of capital will be relatively low, and the production of capital-intensive products may be advantageous. According to this theory, countries should concentrate on producing and exporting products that can take full advantage of their own abundant factors in exchange for those that require intensive use of their scarce factors.

Through international **, the defect of uneven distribution of factors of production between countries can be reduced.

Answer: B

Since the 90s of the 20th century, the theory of regional auspicious division of labor has been developed under the framework of imperfect competition and increasing returns to scale. The theory of division of labor in modern regions tries to explain the division of labor and phenomena between regions (countries) with similar or similar conditions.

It also refers to the implementation of specialized production in a country or a region according to a certain advantageous social material production sector, which is the manifestation of the social division of labor in the region.