How to measure myopia, hyperopia, strabismus, amblyopia

measuring myopia; The most direct way is to have an eye chart, if it is not achieved, it is myopia. Usually can be judged from the state of the child's vision: such as squinting, leaning forward, often rubbing the eyes, and then often ask the child how clearly he can see distant objects, if your eyesight is normal, and the child can't see the same thing clearly, it must be myopia.

Measurement of farsightedness; This is because the length of the eye axis at birth is usually only 16 mm, which is less than the 24 mm length of the eye when the eye matures. Because the eye axis is very short, the light entering the eye can only be focused on the back of the retina, that is to say, the child's vision at this stage is farsighted, with the growth and development, the eye axis is gradually lengthened to the standard value of 24 mm, and the degree of hyperopia naturally decreases. It is normal for children to be farsighted before the age of 13, and parents do not need to be too anxious about this.

Hyperopia is when parallel light rays enter the eye and form a focal point behind the retina, and external objects cannot form a clear image in the retina. The patient's subjective perception is that the vision is blurry at the distance, and the vision is even more blurry at the near. Correction of hyperopia with a convex lens.

Mild hyperopia, through the adjustment of the crystal, the subjective sensation is not obvious. With the increase of age, the accommodative power decreases, and symptoms such as visual fatigue and blurred vision slowly manifest.

measurement of strabismus; In ophthalmology clinics, there are many methods to measure strabismus, but the most common methods are corneal reflection and prism occlusion combined to measure various strabismus and strabismus, and the accuracy of the measurement is directly related to the surgical effect of patients, so it is of great clinical significance to accurately measure strabismus and design the amount of strabismus surgery.

Measurement of amblyopia; The vast majority of children over the age of 4 are able to cooperate with vision checks, so children should have their vision checked regularly, especially in school-age children, every six months. If you find that your visual acuity is lower or your visual acuity is not the same, and the difference between the two lines is more than two, you should consult an ophthalmologist for examination in time. It is extremely important for the early detection and early detection of amblyopia in children, because the younger the age, the better the effect.

The idea that "when you're older" and "when you're older, it's normal" is very wrong. From the perspective of visual development, before the age of 12 is the plastic period of visual development, and after the age of 12, the chance of vision recovery is very small. The best** time is during school age.

Amblyopia** mainly relies on ophthalmologists to prescribe glasses for children and carry out various amblyopia training under the guidance of doctors. Parents must follow the doctor's requirements to let the child cooperate, and do not be afraid of trouble that will affect the effect of amblyopia training, or even lead to training failure.

You need to go to a specialist hospital.

Amblyopia, in particular, requires a comparison of naked vision and corrected visual acuity to determine.

Myopia is a problem with the focus of the eyeball as an optical system, after the external object passes through the corneal lens and vitreous of the refractive system of the eye, it is focused on the retina, and there is no imaging in the fovea of the macular of the retina, and the imaging on the retina is not clear, we call it myopia, myopia is a problem with the optical system, after accurate refraction and wearing suitable glasses, the vision can be corrected to normal and can see clearly.

The pathogenesis of amblyopia and myopia is completely different, the occurrence of amblyopia is in the critical period or sensitive period of visual development, due to abnormal visual experience, these abnormal visual experiences include refractive error, deprivation of kinesthetic, anisometropia, strabismus, etc., because these abnormal visual experiences act on a child whose visual system has not yet matured, resulting in the visual nervous system is not mature, after wearing glasses, the vision is still not corrected normally, and after wearing glasses, it is still not clear to see clearly, which is amblyopia.

To put it simply, myopia is a refractive system problem, while amblyopia is an eye disease that occurs in a central abnormality, so amblyopia and myopia are two completely different concepts.

First, the nature is different.

1. Amblyopia: During the period of visual development, the best corrected visual acuity of one or both eyes due to abnormal visual experience such as monocular strabismus, anisometropia, high refractive error and form deprivation is lower than that of normal children of the corresponding age, and there are no organic lesions in eye examination.

2. Myopia: myopia, the name of traditional Chinese medicine. It is the eye in a state of accommodative relaxation, and the focus of parallel light rays refracted through the refractive system of the eye falls in front of the retina.

Second, ** is different.

1. Amblyopia: strabismus amblyopia, anisometropic amblyopia, refractive error amblyopia, disuse amblyopia (form deprivation amblyopia), congenital amblyopia or organic amblyopia.

2. Myopia: The occurrence of myopia is related to many factors such as genetics, development, and environment, but the exact pathogenesis is still being studied.

Third, the characteristics are different.

1. Amblyopia: The boundary between amblyopia and normal vision is not very clear, and some patients complain of decreased vision, but objective examination shows that vision is still or. This may be when the patient feels a decrease in vision compared to their previous vision.

2. Myopia: In the state of relaxation of the eye, the focus of parallel light rays through the refractive system of the eye falls in front of the retina.

Encyclopedia - Amblyopia"Encyclopedia - Amblyopia

Encyclopedia - Myopia"Encyclopedia - Myopia

Myopia is an eye disease caused by excessive tension in the ciliary muscle, an eye adjustment muscle, or genetic reasons that cause the eye axis to become longer and not be able to see clearly, but the corrected vision returns to normal after wearing glasses;

Experts from Changchun Aier Eye Hospital reminded that amblyopia is a kind of visual function development delay and disorder, often accompanied by strabismus and high refractive error, and the vision cannot be corrected to normal by wearing glasses.

Amblyopia is much more harmful to children's visual function than myopia. Because myopia is only the loss of visual acuity when it is far away, and is not accompanied by other visual impairments, vision correction is not limited by age; However, children with amblyopia not only have low vision, cannot be corrected, cannot have binocular monovision function, have no stereoscopic vision, and cannot be competent for driving, surveying and mapping and fine work in the future, which not only affects the future of work, but also directly affects the quality of China's population.

Measuring the degree of myopia of the eye should be divided into several steps such as objective refraction, subjective refraction, and glasses test, and accurate refraction should achieve the best vision, comfortable wearing, and long-lasting reading.

The easiest way is to go to the hospital and opticians for an optometry examination, and if you are young, it is better to go to the hospital for a dilated eye examination, which is more accurate. An eye check can be done by looking at the eye chart.

There are many ways for parents to self-test children's strabismus in the early stage, in order to avoid children missing the first time of strabismus, experts introduce several methods, which can find children's strabismus more conveniently and quickly. The method of self-testing children's strabismus: 1. The method is to use a flashlight to irradiate the child's eyeball at home, when the normal flashlight shines in front of the child's two eyes, there is a manifestation on the child's cornea, and the two light spots are in the middle of the eyeball, in this case, parents can judge that the child does not have strabismus.

2. The child's black eyeball is crooked outward, which proves that the child is crooked, and there is another kind of light point on the outside of the child's eyeball, so after the photo, it is found that the child's light point is not in the middle of the eyeball, and the child should be taken to the hospital as soon as possible. 3. When the child's head is tilted to one side, parents use a piece of gauze to wrap one eye of the baby, and if the child's head is in the right position, or the original 45 degrees outside, and now it is 15 degrees, then it is certain that the child's tilted head is related to the strabismus of the eyes. Symptoms of strabismus in children:

1. Ocular deviation: the inward deviation of the eyeball is esotropia, the outward deviation of the eyeball is exotropia, the upward deviation is upward strabismus, and the downward deviation is downward strabismus. 2. Weak binocular vision

The ability to see depth and stereoscopic vision needs to be used in parallel, so children with long-term strabismus will lack depth and three-dimensionality. 3. Abnormal head position: In order to use both eyes at the same time, some children with long-term strabismus will tilt their heads or faces.

Farsightedness is not to see the depth of reading, farsightedness 50 degrees and myopia 50 degrees are equivalent to just a little bit of unclear, myopia 50 degrees to see clearly, farsightedness to take a farther point to see clearly.

Amblyopia is said to be a condition in which there is no obvious organic lesion in the eyeball, but the corrected visual acuity (after wearing glasses) in one or both eyes is still not reached. At present, the standard for amblyopia in China is corrected visual acuity or poor vision in both eyes by 2 lines. Amblyopia is an eye disease that seriously endangers children's visual function, and if not timely, it can cause amblyopia to worsen and even blindness.

Myopia is the refractive condition of the eye, in which the refracted focus of parallel light rays through the refractive system of the eye falls in front of the retina in a relaxed state of accommodation.

For an explanation of amblyopia, see: