Thermodynamic formula why Q NCT

Because of the ideal gas.

There is no potential energy, the internal energy is only related to temperature, q=nct, where c=i2*r, i.e., q=nct=n(i2*r)t=inrt2.

The system starts from the initial state and reaches the final state through any process, and the increment δu of the internal energy is equal to the difference between the heat q transferred by the outside to the system and the work a done by the system externally. Mathematical expressions.

It can be written as: u=u2 u1=q a or q=δu+a

It stipulates that the system is endothermic q>0, and the system exothermic q<0;The system does external work.

a>0, the outside world does work on the system a<0;The energy in the system increases δu>0 and decreases the energy in the system by δu<0. Applying the above equation to the micro-element process that occurs between two states with infinitesimal differences, the first law of thermodynamics can be obtained.

Differential form of:

q=du+δa

where du is the full differential of internal energy.

q and δa represent the microheat transferred in the microelement process and the microwork done externally, respectively, and they are not fully differential.

Scientists found the relationship between q and nct by controlling for variables and then analyzing data.

The ideal gas has no potential energy, and the internal energy is only related to temperature.

q nct, c=i 2 *r, i.e. q = nct = n(i 2 *r) t = inrt 2

The thermodynamic formula is u=q-w.

In the formula, U is the internal energy of the system, Q is the heat absorbed by the system, and W is the external work done by the system.

Thermodynamics is the study of the properties of thermal motion of matter and its laws from a macroscopic perspective. It belongs to the branch of physics, and it and statistical physics constitute the macro and micro aspects of thermal theory, respectively.

The four laws of thermodynamics are briefly described as follows:

The zeroth law of thermodynamics.

If each of the two thermodynamic systems is in thermal equilibrium with the third thermodynamic system.

The temperature is the same), then they must also be in thermal equilibrium with each other.

The first law of thermodynamics.

The expression of the law of conservation of energy in thermal form.

The second law of thermodynamics.

All mechanical energy can be converted into heat energy, but heat energy cannot be fully converted in a finite number of experimental operations (heat engine.

Not available). The Third Law of Thermodynamics.

Absolute zero is unattainable, but it can be approached infinitely.

The zeroth law of thermodynamics is used as the basis for system measurements, and its importance lies in the fact that it explains the definition of temperature and the method of measuring temperature.

The second law of thermodynamics is an important conclusion reached in the macroscopic process of thermodynamics after the establishment of the law of conservation of energy.

The first and second laws of thermodynamics are usually regarded as the fundamental laws of thermodynamics, but sometimes Nernstein's theorem is added as the third law, and sometimes the law of temperature is regarded as the zero law.

The basic formula of thermodynamics:

The Law of Ideal Gases.

PV=NRT, and the following v is the molar volume, which is v n.

Heat capacity. Relationship between CP=CV+R, (Specific Heat.

Specific volume) = cp cv.

The first law of thermodynamics.

du=dq+dw,w is the work done by the external force on the system.

w=-∫fdl=-∫psdl=-∫pdv。

du=dq-pdv。

q is a function of t, so u can be expressed as a function of t and v.

du=cvdt+ctdv, ct is zero for ideal gases, and ct is small for real gases.

A brief description of the four laws of thermodynamics

The zeroth law of thermodynamic pat - If each of the two thermodynamic systems is in thermal equilibrium (the same temperature) as the third thermodynamic system, they must also be in bright thermal equilibrium with each other.

The first law of thermodynamics – the law of conservation of energy.

Manifestations in the form of thermal. The second law of thermodynamics.

All mechanical energy can be converted into heat energy, but heat energy cannot be fully converted in a finite number of experimental operations (heat engine.

Not available). The third law of thermodynamics – absolute zero.

Unattainable but infinitely approachable. The zeroth law of thermodynamics is used as a basis for system measurements, and its importance lies in the fact that it explains the definition of temperature and the method of measuring temperature.

The first law of thermodynamics has an extremely close relationship with the law of conservation of energy, and the second law of thermodynamics is an important conclusion reached in the macroscopic process of thermodynamics after the establishment of the law of conservation of energy.

The thermal formula is: Q=cmδt. There are many thermal formulas, I don't know which part you want, the most basic formula is q=cmδt, q represents the heat absorbed or released, the unit is joules.

c denotes the specific heat capacity.

The unit is joules (kilogram*c) and δt is the unit of temperature that raises or decreases the rotten finch.

It's Celsius. Thermodynamics is the study of the thermal properties of matter from the point of view of energy conversion, and it reveals the macroscopic laws that energy follows when it is converted from one form to another. Thermodynamics is a thermal theory that summarizes the macroscopic phenomena of matter and obtains pins, and does not involve the microstructure of matter and the interaction of microscopic particles.

Therefore, it is a phenomenological macroscopic theory with a high degree of reliability and universality.

Commonly used thermal formulas:1.Endothermic: Q aspiration = cm (t-t0) = cmot.

2.Exothermic: Q Extect = cm(T0-t) = CMOT.

3.Caloric value. q=q/m。

4.Furnaces and heat engines.

Efficiency: Q Efficient use of Q fuel.

5.Thermal equilibrium equation: q amplification = q suction.

6.Thermodynamic temperature.

t=t+ 273k。

7.Fuel combustion exothermic formula q suction = mq

or Q Suck = VQ (for natural gas, etc.).

For a closed system with an invariant composition and only volume work is done, there are four thermodynamics.

Basic formula. du=tds-pdv

dh=tds+vdp

da=-sdt-pdv

dg=-sdt+vdp

For systems with variable composition, the four basic thermodynamic formulas become:

Geochemistry. Geochemistry.

Geochemistry. Geochemistry.

From the Maxwell relation, the following four relations can be obtained.

Geochemistry. Geochemistry.

Geochemistry. Geochemistry.

The coefficient of expansion of the substance.

and compressibility coefficient are defined by .

Geochemistry. Geochemistry.

For a pure substance or a single-phase system with invariant composition, the relationship between p, v, and t is .

Geochemistry.

Common Laws and Formulas of Thermodynamics:

First Law: u=q-w. U is the internal energy of the system, Q is the heat absorbed by the system, and W is the external work of the system.

The Second Law: There are many formulations, the most basic of which are Clausius and Kelvin. A corollary of this law is the principle of entropy increase:

Take any two thermodynamic states A and B, and integrate them along any possible path from A to B: dq t. The largest one is defined as entropy.

In the case of an isolated system (limited space), the entropy only increases.

The Third Law: Absolute zero can never be reached. It doesn't seem to be mathematically expressed. If you have to write one: the above words can be expressed in this formula: loss p(t 0) 0.

The four laws of thermodynamics are briefly described as follows:

1 Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics – If each of the two thermodynamic systems is in thermal equilibrium (the same temperature) as the third thermodynamic system, they must be in thermal equilibrium with each other as well. The zeroth law of thermodynamics is used as the basic basis for measuring the loss of a system, and its importance lies in the fact that it explains the definition of temperature and the method of measuring temperature.

2. The first law of thermodynamics - the expression of the law of conservation of energy in thermal form. The first law of thermodynamics is extremely closely related to the law of conservation of energy.

3. The second law of thermodynamics - all mechanical energy can be converted into heat energy of the pin car, but the heat energy cannot be successfully converted in a finite number of experimental operations (the heat engine cannot be obtained). The second law of thermodynamics is an important conclusion reached in the macroscopic process of thermodynamics after the establishment of the law of conservation of energy.

4. The Third Law of Thermodynamics – Absolute zero is unattainable but infinitely close.

The first and second laws of thermodynamics are usually regarded as the fundamental laws of thermodynamics, but sometimes Nernstein's theorem is added as the third law, and sometimes the law of temperature existence is regarded as the zero law.

The thermodynamic formula is as follows:Mechanics is the study of thermal phenomena and energy conversion, and there are some basic formulas in it. The four basic formulas of thermodynamics include:

du=tds-pdv,dh=tds+vdp,da=-sdt-pdv,dg=-sdt+vdp。

In addition, there are formulas such as the ideal gas equation of state and the carat white dragon equation, which can be referred to search result 2. For example, the ideal gas equation of state is pv=nrt, where p is the gas pressure, v is the gas volume, n is the number of moles of the gas, r is the gas constant, and t is the temperature of the gas.