Why did the ancients respect scholars? How the ancients read books

You can't acquire knowledge without reading, and you can't govern a country without knowledge.

*Man*" original].

The rising sun of the Yintang eyes hide the moon and bend the bow.

Collect red dust and tears, sleeve pleats, heaven and earth.

Fairy wind incense bones wander the sea.

Raise a glass to invite the rainbow to fill the table with Tang poems and songs.

Li Gongjue January 26, 2019 * 12:29 p.m. in Beijing "A Dream of a Thousand Years and a Spring Breeze".

Original] Caiyun returns to sing the song to accompany the unloading of the river.

The mountain unloads the love. Wake up the heavens and the earth to say goodbye to the cold winter of the millennium.

Dream of spring breeze. Li Gongjue January 23, 2019*18th of the lunar month* in Beijing

Scholars also respect the ancients.

In the hearts of the ancients, those who read are the future of the country.

Whether in ancient times or in the era we live in now, people have a lot of respect for people who read.

The difference is that in ancient times, private schools were only open to men, and girls were not eligible to enter the school.

In that era when men were bigger than the sky, women were assigned as men's appendages, and women's duties were to teach their husbands and children.

On the contrary, I am glad to live in this era of openness and freedom, and I am glad that I can happily study on campus as a daughter.

I've been reading for as long as I can remember, and until now, I've been wandering in a sea of books for more than 20 years.

A lot of times, I'm very confused about this kind of life.

But there are also many times, listening to the praise and recognition of the people around me, I feel that reading books brings me not only the knowledge in my head, but also brings me valuable praise.

not only satisfied their own hearts, but also allowed their parents to get behavior and satisfaction.

As the saying goes, live to be old, learn to be old.

Knowledge is the same as money, no one in the world is afraid of more money, and in the same way, no one in the world is afraid of more knowledge.

Everyone has a strong desire for knowledge, and it will only be too little, not too much.

The reason why the ancients respected scholars more is because of the traditional Chinese cultural education. Because we all know that we actually prefer to judge whether a person is talented or not by their literary level, so this leads to the fact that the ancients respected literate people very much. And because of the backward social development, in fact, many people are illiterate, so I admire those who read even more.

The Chinese nation has always been a nation that attaches great importance to literature rather than martial arts, and this is actually a cultural tradition that has been formed for a long time. Because China's traditional farming culture is more concerned about stability, and after stability, it is to be able to win a one-and-a-half official position, and the only way to enter the officialdom at that time was the imperial examination. Therefore, many people take the imperial examination for a lifetime just to mix up a fame, so that they will basically have no worries about food and clothing for the rest of their lives.

Therefore, many people are willing to read, and others are more respectful of those who read. Although there were some martial champions and the like at that time, relatively speaking, these people were far fewer than Wen champions. Moreover, in the court, the position of Wen Zhuangyuan is much higher than that of Wu Zhuangyuan.

This is an omen, an auspicious omen. Because scholars have the opportunity to be officials. You can't be a bad omen for him, can you?

Several ways the ancients read books:

"Thinking, Asking, Xi" Reading Method: This is the reading method advocated by Confucius, learning should be erudite and cautious, learning and thinking combined, and asking questions if you don't understand;

"Fake things" calligraphy: This is the method advocated by Xunzi, a student of Confucius, that is, to be good at making full use of objective conditions to learn;

Jingzhi "calligraphy: this is the reading method proposed by Wang Chong, that is, the reading method of single-mindedness;

"Don't seek to understand" calligraphy: This is the calligraphy method proposed by Tao Yuanming, which requires that we should grasp the key points when reading, simplify the complex and think independently;

Abstract Hook Xuan's "Reading Method": This is the reading method advocated by Han Yu, which aims to grasp the main points and clarify the main idea, so as to go straight to the source and extract the essence of the content.

He likes to read, and he often carries books with him. I often read ancient books, and from the poems and opinions of the ancients, we can see the importance of reading. The ancients had many methods and experiences in reading, which are worth learning and learning from.

Yan Zhenqing in the Tang Dynasty has a poem in "Persuasion": "The three watches are lit up and the five watches are chickens, which is when the boy is studying." The black hair does not know how to study early, and the white head regrets studying late.

When I was young, I didn't know that I had to study diligently, and when I got old and white, it would be too late, and it would be too late to regret it. When we are young, we should get up early and read diligently, which is also our way of reading.

Zhu Xi of the Song Dynasty has "three methods" in reading, that is, to the mouth, the eyes, and the heart. Zhu Xi said: "The method of reading is step-by-step and gradual, familiar and thoughtful.

He also said: "There is no other way to read, but to be humble and play repeatedly, for meritorious ears." "These calligraphy methods are very good, and we often use them in our reading and learning.

Lu Jiuyuan of the Song Dynasty has a poem that says: "Reading is in a hurry, and Han Yong is very interesting." I don't know if I have the right to let it go, and I need to think about it urgently.

Reading should not be hurried and panicked, but should be carefully experienced, pondered, scrutinized, repeatedly savored, and while reading, we should think seriously. This kind of calligraphy will allow us to gain something and gain something.

"Single-mindedness" calligraphy was launched by Su Shi. Su Shi believes that people's energy cannot be taken from all of them, but they can get what they want, so scholars make a single request every time. The biggest feature of this kind of "single-minded seeking" calligraphy method is to "seek one", that is, to grasp one point, that is, to read classic works, each time you read it, you only need to focus on a center, focus on a content, grasp a clue, and solve a problem.

In order to avoid distraction and single-mindedness, this kind of directed reading still has merit.

The conditions for the ancients to study were very poor, and there was no environment for reading now, but the ancients were diligent and studious, cherishing every inch of time. In the Western Han Dynasty, Kuang Heng chiseled the wall to steal the light, and the Jin Dynasty Che Yin Bao Yingxue, under very difficult conditions, they did not miss any opportunity to learn, and studied tirelessly, this spirit of hard study is worthy of our praise.

Classic texts are meaningful and will make people never get tired of reading. The ancients had a variety of reading methods and were full of love for books. Only reading can make life happen. Only in tireless reading can we reap the happiness and fulfillment of life.

From the point of view of poetry of the ancients; Seeing the importance, the ancients saw the importance of reading from the point of view of the verse.

Effective reading should develop the habit of reading with purpose and focus, so that we can be good at discovering key points, new problems, new ideas and new materials in reading, which will not only help improve reading speed, but also improve reading comprehension and memory efficiency. Of course, this needs to be consciously cultivated in your daily reading.

If you don't read efficiently, you can learn how to read quickly. Speed reading is an efficient reading learning method with direct reflection of the eyes and brain, after mastering, when reading articles and materials, you can quickly extract the key points, promote sorting, induction and analysis, and improve the efficiency of comprehension and memory; At the same time, the fast reading speed can also save a lot of time and do other things with ease. Mastering is not something that can be done in one or two sentences, if you want to learn, you can understand it yourself, or refer to the "Elite Speed Reading Memory Training Software", which is mainly to train fast reading, and there is also a "mind map" training, if your reading efficiency is low, you can practice and improve it.

That is, to record the reading feelings or perceptions in the reading process, such as your understanding, association, inspiration, etc., of a certain sentence or a certain point of view, you must record it in time.

After reading: Organize the books in the form of knowledge frameworks or mind maps, mainly to refine the important content of the books, and also include some of your own understanding and perception in the process of reading. The knowledge framework, specially prepared is a note in the form of a mind map, which has the advantage of being convenient to add new content, when I have relevant new knowledge points and new experiences in the later study or reading, I can add it to promote the connection of knowledge and facilitate mastery and application.

For some books, such as the ones that I feel very touched after reading them, I will also write about my reading feelings.

There is a ** house in the book, and there is Yan Ruyu in the book. It means that the knowledge and wisdom value contained in the high banquet guessed in the book are cherished and searched for as valuable as **, which can enrich people's inner world and improve people's cultivation.

The ancients talked about the meaning of reading as follows:

1.Analects. Sensitive and studious, not ashamed to ask.

Knowing is knowing, not knowing is not knowing, and knowing is knowing.

Knowing it tacitly, never getting tired of learning, never tireless of teaching.

2.Zhu Xi. Yu Yu said:

There are three ways to read, which are the heart, the eyes, and the mouth. If the heart is not here, the eyes will not look carefully; The mind is not single-minded, but it only reads on the waves, and it can never be remembered, nor can it be remembered for a long time. Among the three, the heart is the most urgent.

When the heart is there, don't the eyes and mouth care?

3.Zeng Guofan.

To read, the first must be ambitious, the second must be knowledgeable, and the third must be constant. If you have ambitions, you will not be willing to be indecent; If you have knowledge, you will know that there is endless knowledge, and you dare not be self-sufficient, such as the sea of the river, such as the frog of the well to peep into the sky, and those who are ignorant are also; If there is constancy, nothing can be done. All three are indispensable.

Translations and annotated translations.

1.A person who is gifted and intelligent and eager to learn is not ashamed to ask for advice from someone who is lower in status and less knowledgeable than himself.

To know is to know, not to know is not to know, and that is true wisdom.

Silently remember what you have learned, learn not to feel satisfied, teach people not to know tiredness.

2.I once said: Reading pays attention to the "three to", that is, when reading, we must concentrate, read carefully, and read.

If the mind is not in the book, then the eye will not look closely; Since the mind and the eye are not focused and unified, but they just read casually, then they will not remember, and even if they do, they will not remember for long. Of the three, the heart is the most important. If the mind is focused, will the eyes and mouth still be unfocused?

3.To read, a scholar must first have ambition, second, knowledge, and third, perseverance. If you have ambition, you will never be willing to be inferior; If you have knowledge, you know that there is no end to learning, and you don't dare to be self-satisfied with a little experience, like the river watching the sea, and the frog at the bottom of the well watching the sky, which is uninsightful; If you have perseverance, there must be nothing you can't do.

Ambition, knowledge, and perseverance are all indispensable.

Exegesis. 1.Min: Clever.

Good: Preferences. Shame: ......Shame on you.

Know: through "wisdom", cleverness, wisdom.

Disgusted: satisfied. Teaching: Teaching.

2.Predicate: Say.

Wandering Waves: Whatever.

Urgent: Important. 3.Gai: At the beginning of a sentence, the pronounced word.

Scholars: Generally refers to the intellectual class.

Constant: Perseverance. Indecent: inferior, inferior.

Broken: an adverb that expresses absolutely, definitely.