What is the process flow of soda ash? The chemical equation for industrial soda ash

1. NaCl + CO2 + NH3 + H2O = NaHCO3 + NH4Cl (can be used as nitrogen fertilizer).

NaHCO3 = Heating = Na2CO3 + H2O + CO2 (CO2 recycling).

Soda ash, scientific name sodium carbonate, common name soda, stone alkali, washing alkali, chemical formula NA Co, belongs to the salt class, sodium carbonate containing ten crystal water is colorless crystals, crystal water is unstable, easy to weather, into white powder Na2CO3, is a strong electrolyte, has the universality and thermal stability of salt, is soluble in water, and its aqueous solution is alkaline.

The chemical equation of industrial soda ash (Hou's alkali method) is as follows:

NH + H O+Co = NH HCO (ammonia is introduced into the water first, and then carbon dioxide is introduced).

NH HCO + NaCl = NAHCO + NH Cl (NaHC has the least solubility, so it is precipitated).

2naHCO=NAco+HO+CO (Condition: Heating).

NH4Cl has greater solubility than NaCl at room temperature.

At low temperatures, it is less soluble than NaCl.

Reaction Equation:

1) NH3 + H2O + CO2 = NH4HCO3 (2) NH4HCO3 + NACL = NH4Cl + NaHCO3 (3) 2NAHCO3 = Heating = NA2CO3 + H2O + CO2

The industrial production of caustic soda is produced by using limestone and soda ash as the main raw materials.

Industrial caustic soda: chlor-alkali industry - electrolysis of saturated brine, equation: 2NaCl+2H2O==2NaOH+Cl2+H2 (condition: electrolysis).

Soda ash (Na2CO3): Hou's alkali production method passes carbon dioxide and ammonia CaCO3==CaO+CO2 (CO2 production), N2+3H2==2NH3 (industrial synthetic ammonia) into saturated salt water

NaCl + NH3 + CO2 + H2O = = NaHCO3 + NH4Cl (the key step in making soda ash).

2NaHCO3==Na2CO3+H2O+CO2 (soda ash is obtained).

<>2. The second step is: the sodium bicarbonate precipitation and ammonium chloride generated by the reaction of ammonium bicarbonate and sodium chloride, the difference between sodium bicarbonate is complete, so the precipitation is because its solubility is small. Sodium bicarbonate solid is obtained by filtration

3. The general chemical equation of these two steps is:

4. Thermal decomposition of sodium bicarbonate to generate water, carbon dioxide and sodium carbonate, which is the soda ash we want

5. The by-product ammonium chloride and hydrated lime in the second step are mixed and heated, and the ammonia obtained can be recycled

The equation of the Houdebang alkali method is: NaCl+H2O+NH3+CO2=NaHCO3 NH4Cl.

In the theory of acid-base ionization, alkali refers to the compound that ionizes anions in aqueous solution, all of which are OH-; In acid-base proton theory, a base refers to a compound that can accept protons; In acid-base electron theory, a base refers to an electron donor.

The joint alkali method is a process of producing soda ash from sodium chloride, carbon dioxide, ammonia and water as raw materials, and the by-product of chlorine and ammonium slag. Soda ash is a basic chemical raw material, with a large amount of use, and occupies an important position in the national economy. Ammonium chloride is mainly used as agricultural fertilizer, but its quality affects the development of the soda ash industry.

"Combined alkali method" is also known as "Hou's alkali method".

The joint uses salt, ammonia and carbon dioxide from the by-products of synthetic ammonia industry as raw materials, and produces soda ash and ammonium chloride at the same time, referred to as "joint alkali" or "joint alkali".

"Combined alkali method" is also known as "Hou's alkali method". In China's combined alkali production, the combined alkali production process of one carbonization, two ammonia absorption, one salt addition and ice machine cooling is generally adopted.

Principle:

NaCl+NH+CO+HO===NaHCO+NHCl,CaCo=High Temperature=CaO+Co,CaO+HO=Ca(OH),2NHCl+Ca(OH)=2NH+CaCl+2HO

2NAHCO = high temperature deficiency = NA CO + CO HO, and the CO and NH generated by the reaction can be reused as raw materials.

The total reaction formula is: CaCo +2NaCl = High Temperature = CaCl + Na Co (Note: Not a metathesis reaction).

Later, Hou Debang improved the method, that is, the Hou's alkali method.

Disadvantages: The disadvantage of Solvay's alkali production method is mainly that half of the raw materials are not used, and only sodium in table salt and carbonate in lime are used, and the two are combined to produce soda ash. The other half of the chlorine in the salt and the calcium in the lime combine to form chloride calcium, which is not used.

The ammonia-alkali method enables the production to achieve continuous production, the utilization rate of salt is improved, and the product quality is pure, so it is called soda ash, but the biggest advantage is that the cost is low.

Principle:

NaCl+NH+CO+HO===NaHCO+NHCl,CaCo=High Temperature=CaO+Co,CaO+HO=Ca(OH),2NHCl+Ca(OH)=2NH+CaCl+2HO

2NaHCO = high temperature = Na Co + Co H pre-code O, the CO and NH generated by the reaction can be reused as raw materials.

The total reaction formula is: CaCo +2NaCl = High Temperature = CaCl + Na Co (Note: Not a metathesis reaction).

Later Hou Debang.

The method was changed and coarse, that is, the Hou's alkali method.

Disadvantages: Solvay's alkali method.

The main disadvantage is that half of the raw materials are not used, and only sodium in salt and carbonate in lime are used.

The combination of the two is the formation of soda ash. The other half of the chlorine in the table salt and the calcium in the lime combine to form calcium chloride.

None of this product was used.

Ammonia-alkali method. The production has realized the continuous production, the utilization rate of salt has been improved, and the product quality is pure, so it is called soda ash, but the biggest advantage is low cost.