What is the difference between flat tongue pinyin and warped tongue pinyin in Chinese?

First, use the Mandarin pronunciation relationship to distinguish it. The rules of Mandarin pronunciation and rhyme show that: (1) The words with uauaiuaang as the finals, the initials are zhchsh, such as "grasping, playing, dragging, Zhuang, bed, double", etc.; (2) For words with en as finals, except for the words "how, san (poor), cen, sen", the words with eng as the finals, except for the few numbers next to the sound of "layer, zeng" and "zeng", the initials of the rest of the words are the back sounds of the tip of the tongue.

3) For words with ou as the finals, except for a few numbers such as "make", the rest of the initials are ch; (4) Among the words with uen as the finals, only the initials of the four words "shun, suck, shun, and instant" are sh, and the initials of the rest of the words are s; (5) In the words with ong as the final, the initials are only s, not sh. Second, according to the phonetic function next to the phonetic phonetic of the phonetic characters, the pronunciation of a batch of words next to the same sound is deduced by using the known phonetic side. There are exceptions to this method, but it is worth giving it a try, but you should be careful when using it to avoid discrepancies.

How can I tell the difference between a flat tongue and a warped tongue? 1) Use sound analogy. Most of the Chinese characters are phonetic characters, and we can use the phonetic analogy of the phonetic characters.

The following Chinese characters are the words that are sounded and forget to eat, and the vast majority of them are warped tongue sounds: Zhong, Zheng, Zheng, Lord, Sheng, Chang, Zhang, Zhi, Shi, Shen, Only, Shi, Shi, Shou, Shou, Shou, Zhi, Zhou, Zhuo, Zhi, Zhan, Hang, Zhu, Ru, Zhi, Shao, Zhang, Zhu, Cheng, etc. The vast majority of the following Chinese characters are flat tongue sounds:

Zong, Cai, Paw, Suo, Cai, Zun, Zi, Si, Cao, Cang, Zao, Zi, Zeng, etc. (2) Remember less, not more. Among the commonly used words, the word zh as the initial is about twice as many as the word z as the initial, and it is much easier to remember only the word z as the initial.

3) In the phonetic characters, the words that are pronounced next to the sound are d, t, or although they do not read d and t, the words related to their two initials next to the sound are mostly tongue sounds. (4) Use the law of sound and rhyme. For example, the finals ua, uai, and uang are only spelled with the warped tongue sound, not with the flat tongue sound, so it is concluded that the words "Zhuang, Tui, Chuang" must be the warped tongue sound.

The separate one is the flat tongue (no need to roll the tongue) such as C, and the two pinyin are the warped tongue (need to roll the tongue), such as ch

Flat tongue sound, which refers to the z, c, and s produced by the tongue stretched out flat, against or close to the back of the upper teeth;

Tongue cocking, refers to the zh, ch, sh, and r produced by the tip of the tongue that touches or approaches the anterior hard palate. Among them, z-zh, c-ch, and s-sh are indeed easy to confuse.

To distinguish between them, there are two ways to start:

The first is to correctly distinguish the pronunciation of flat and warped tongue sounds (for the method, please refer to "How to distinguish the initials that are easy to mix");

The second is to identify, memorize, and master the words with flat tongue sounds and curved tongue sounds as initials.

The common methods are:

Analogy of representative words:

Most of the Chinese characters are well-known and phonetic characters. Most of the morphophonetic characters next to the same sound are the same initials. Such as ", Zeng, Zong, Paw, Cai, Cang, Cao, Cong, San, Si.

叟, 遂" as a side of the word, the vast majority of the flat tongue; "Occupy, middle, main, specialized, chao, cheng, out, less, good, shen, sheng" as the side of the word, the vast majority of the tongue sound. Therefore, it is convenient to memorize some flat and warped tongue sound representative words or deviations, and determine a large number of words with flat and warped tongue sounds.

Mandarin pronunciation law analogy:

In Mandarin, there is a certain pattern in the combination of initials and finals. For example, the three finals of ua, uai, and uang can be spelled with the upturned tongue sounds zh, ch, and sh, but they can't be spelled with the flat tongue sounds z, c, and s. Therefore, when encountering words with finals such as "grasping, installing, windowing, falling, and double" are ua, uai, and uang respectively, you can directly conclude that they are warped tongue sounds.

For example, if the vowel ong can spell with the flat tongue sound s, but not with the warped tongue sound sh, we can conclude that the vowel is the "loose, shrug, song" of ong, and will never be the warped tongue sound. Remembering these rules also helps us to identify and memorize words with flat and upturned tongue sounds.

Remember less to determine more:

In Mandarin, there are few lower tongue sounds and more warped tongue sounds. In the Xinhua Dictionary (rearranged version), some syllables are more special. For example, ca, only 4 characters are listed: "split" (dialect pronunciation c1), rubbing, clicking, and "", while under the syllable cha, there are Chinese characters for "fork, tea, and surprise"; Under the zen syllable, there are only two Chinese characters such as "how, 谮", while under the zhen syllable, there are Chinese characters such as "true, pillow, zhen"; In particular, under the syllable sen, there is only one "sen" character, while under the syllable shen, there are Chinese characters such as "body, god, judge, and even".

In a similar situation, we only need to memorize a few flat tongue sounds to determine the majority of tongue sounds.

There are 3 flat tongue sounds: z, c, and s. There are 4 tongue sounds:

In order to distinguish between flat tongue sounds and warped tongue sounds, we should start from two aspects: one is to correctly distinguish the pronunciation of flat and warped tongue sounds, and the other is to identify, remember, and master the words with flat tongue sounds and warped tongue sounds as initials.

Words with flat tongue and curved tongue:

The words of the flat tongue sound are in, again, loading, mouth, most, sin, total, longitudinal, zongzi, zun, book, strategy, guess, cai, cutting, picking, stepping, cai, cui, cui, ginseng, ashamed, silkworm, cang, zang, hurry, cong, chimney, from, su, crisp, etc.

The words of the warped tongue sound are Zhao, Zheng, Zhi, Zhong, Zhu, Zhuan, Zhuang, Zhou, Heavy, Grab, Chase, Pick, Production, Noise, Car, Chen Zi Sleepy, Cheng, Chong, Remove, Boat, Blow, Spring, Check, Pick, Bed, Pump, Sand, Snake, Sif, Province, Shuang, Shu, Sheng, etc.