What are the causes of malformations in babies?

1.Genetic factors: When one or both spouses have a hereditary, recessive, or metabolic disease, they are at increased risk of having a fetus.

2.Environmental radiation and environmental pollution: excessive exposure of pregnant women to toxic and harmful substances during pregnancy, such as pesticides in vegetables and heavy metals in cosmetics, will cause fetal malformations. City car exhaust and noise are also one of the main culprits of fetal malformations.

3.Diseases and viral infections: Pregnant women with hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism may have the possibility of miscarriage and malformation. Pregnant women with diabetes have a risk of heart malformations and other fetuses.

4.Drug abuse: Pregnant women taking aspirin and phenacetin drugs** catch a cold, which may cause malformations of the fetal nervous system, bones, kidneys, etc.

5.Nutritional deficiencies: Malnutrition in pregnant women can interfere with embryonic biosynthesis and metabolism, causing fetal malformations. The nutrients needed for fetal growth and development come from pregnant women, so pregnant women must ensure adequate nutrition.

On the one hand, it is considered that the fetal malformation is caused by genetics, mainly due to chromosomal abnormalities, and on the other hand, it may be caused by long-term exposure to radiation after pregnancy, as well as the influence of environmental factors. If the fetal malformation is diagnosed after pregnancy, it is necessary to terminate the pregnancy in time, during which it is best to do a timely examination according to the body to find out the factors causing the fetal malformation. In normal times, you can also pay attention to conditioning the body, pay attention to physical examination, and enhance physical fitness.

There are many kinds of congenital malformations in the human body, and they involve almost every organ of the human body. The degree of harm of the malformation varies, depending on the number and importance of the organs affected. The light ones have no great impact on life and life, and it is even difficult to check out; In severe cases, it can cause miscarriage, stillbirth, lifelong disability or inability to take care of oneself.

The causes of malformations include genetic factors and environmental factors, but they are more the result of the joint action of the two, and are closely related to the stage of embryonic development, sensitivity to teratogenic factors, and the duration and dose of harmful factors.

Genetic factors refer to the transmission of the characteristics of the parents to their offspring through the transmission of chromosomes and genes in the cell. If the number and structure of the parents are abnormal, or if there is a genetic defect, they can be passed on to the next generation according to certain inheritance rules.

Environmental factors are affected by certain biological factors in the environment (viruses, toxoplasma gondii and treponema pallidum infection), physical factors (radiation, microwave, high temperature, severe cold, mechanical damage, etc.), chemical factors (industrial pollution such as mercury, aluminum, cadmium and dioxins, long-term alcoholism of the mother, etc.), drug factors (anticancer drugs, hormones, reaction stoppage, etc.) and other factors (long-term hypoxia, severe malnutrition, excessive or insufficient vitamins, etc.), etc. This leads to genetic mutations or chromosomal aberrations in embryonic cells, which eventually lead to developmental malformations. Having a deformed baby can be a nuisance, but there are some precautions that can be taken, so mothers should not worry too much.

There are many causes of fetal malformations, such as bad habits such as smoking and drinking, and there are also work environments that are harmful to the human body during pregnancy.

Embryonal vascular tissue is often preserved in parts of the baby's tissue, and these tissue hamartoma-like growths form different types of hemangiomas, which still have normal tissue structure, but the number and distribution of hemangiomas are different from normal morphology. Hemangiomas tend to occur on the face and limbs**, affecting the appearance, and can also cause bacterial infection due to trauma, friction, scratching and bleeding. Some hemangiomas grow quickly, slowly, or even disappear on their own.

Parents should closely observe the growth of infantile hemangiomas, do a good job of home care, and grasp the best time to carry out**.

Hemangioma is a congenital benign tumor or vascular malformation formed by the proliferation of angioblasts during the embryonic period, which is common in ** and soft tissues, and is more common at birth or shortly after birth. The residual embryonic angioblasts, active endothelioid germ, invade adjacent tissues to form endothelial cords, which are connected to the remaining blood vessels after catheterization to form hemangiomas, and the intratumoral blood vessels are self-contained and not connected to the surrounding blood vessels. Hemangiomas can occur throughout the body, with oral and maxillofacial hemangiomas accounting for 60% of total hemangiomas, followed by the trunk (25%) and extremities (15%).

Most of them occur on the face**, subcutaneous tissues, oral mucosa, such as the tongue, lips, floor of the mouth, etc., and a few occur in the jaw or deep tissues. It is more common in women, and the male-to-female ratio is about 1:3 1 4.

Everyone wants to have a healthy baby, but due to environmental pollution, bad living habits, genetics and other problems, it may lead to fetal malformations. The culprits are actually hidden all around you. Understanding the causes of fetal malformations is not only of great benefit to the pregnant mother, but also to the fetus.

Teratogen is a general term for various recessive factors that can induce malformations, involving physical, biochemical and other aspects, also known as teratogens. A variety of teratogenous factors have been discovered, and their harmful effects can be confirmed in animal experiments, and only a few can be confirmed to have effects on humans. Therefore, it can only be regarded as a great potential danger to humanity and should be taken seriously.

1. Environmental factors:

1) radiation and radiation;

2) Chemical agents, drugs. For example, the newlyweds' new furniture or decorated living room must be fully ventilated before moving in, otherwise the formaldehyde content is high, which will also affect the fetus in the long run.

3) malnutrition;

4) Viral infection factors, the common ones are influenza, herpes simplex, rubella and other viral infections in the early stages of pregnancy, which can cause the fetus to suffer from microcephaly and hydrocephalus and other tissue or organ malformations;

5) Drug factors: In 1964, some pregnant women in Germany used a drug called "reaction arrest" in order to alleviate pregnancy reactions, and nearly 10,000 cases of "seal limb" deformities were born soon after, which attracted the attention of the world to the teratogenic effect of drugs. The most sensitive period for the teratogenic effect of the drug on the fetus is within 3 months of pregnancy, because this period is the most active period of fetal development, and the drug must be used cautiously under the guidance of a doctor.

2. Genetic factors: refers to the abnormal genetic material from parents and causes deformities.

There are three main types of methods, including: classification of occurrence period, classification of cause and classification of internal organs. Among the third classification methods, circulatory organ malformations are the most common.

Common deformities. 1.Digestive organs: cleft lip, cleft mouth, short tongue tie, bile duct ectasia, hypertrophic pyloric stenosis, esophageal locking, intestinal locking, megacolon, etc.

2.Cardiovascular: Congenital heart disease is a congenital malformation formed by abnormal development of heart blood vessels in the fetus. Its exact ** has not yet been fully clarified, and the incidence rate accounts for live births in our country. Cardiovascular malformations are the only clinical anomaly.

3.Neurological: hydrocephalus, microcephaly, spinal cord valgus, meningocele, anencephaly.

4.Musculoskeletal disease: polydactyly, syndactyly, etc.

5.Urinary system: hydronephrosis, cryptorchidism, hermaphroditism, hypospadias, etc.

6.Eyes: no eyeballs, one-eyed deformity, cataracts, etc.

7.**: Birthmarks, swollen blood vessels.

It is very likely that it is due to the influence of drugs, or it may be because of some reasons in the body, which will lead to such a phenomenon, resulting in such a situation.

The root cause is caused by some behaviors of pregnant women, because pregnant women do not eat and drink according to the regulations, and do not exercise according to the regulations, so it causes fetal malformations.