Why is the suicide rate so much higher in rural China, especially among women, in rural China?

Rural areas are a blind spot of national economic development, the city lights are bright, high-rise buildings, a prosperous, but many rural areas are still broken bricks and tiles, people can only rely on the ground to eat, some people have never read in their lives, some people have never been out of this village in their lives, the economy is poor, the education is poor, the living standard is poor, many children want to go out by reading, but the family is poor, may not even be able to enter the school door, let alone those places where there is no school. Some people will choose to work in the city, which will cause the problem of empty nesters and left-behind children, but many people do not have a life if they do not work**, even if the family collapses if they are seriously ill, it is not surprising that the suicide rate is high under various pressures.

Although national policies have been striving to promote "equality between men and women" and "having boys and girls equally" in recent years, the phenomenon of preference for sons over girls still exists in rural China. Many people in the countryside are backward in thinking, thinking that girls are losing money, and after conceiving a girl, the mother will be looked down upon by the whole family, and even some people will sell or give the baby girl to others, just to have a boy, and the woman will become a tool for giving birth. Rural girls have to do all kinds of farm work and housework since they were young, and when they grow up, they are sold by their parents as a commodity in exchange for a bride price, and if they can't give birth to a boy at their in-laws' house, they don't have a good face, and they lose hope in life under the weight of life, and go to despair, and a small thing can crush her, so as to end her life by suicide.

There was an aunt in my grandmother's village who couldn't give birth to a boy because she couldn't give birth to a boy, her mother-in-law frowned every day, and her husband also snubbed her, so she chose to commit suicide, leaving two poor daughters.

It's 2022, and the numbers speak for themselves: in 2019, an estimated 10,000 people died by suicide worldwide. The global age-standardized suicide rate per 100,000 people in 2019.

Suicide rates vary in different regions of the world, ranging from less than 2 per 100,000 to more than 80 per 100,000.

In China, the suicide rate has shown a significant downward trend over the past 20 years. However, the absolute number is still very high, and the WHO estimates that in 2019, the number of suicides was 116324 (10,000), of which 72,515 were men (10,000) and 43,809 were women. According to the China Health Statistical Yearbook 2020, the suicide rate in urban areas and rural areas in 2019 was 10,000, which is already at a low level worldwide.

It is lower than neighboring countries such as Japan and South Korea. So, the problem is fictional.

Suicide among the elderly is a growing problem.

According to the data of the question bank, the most serious suicide problem in rural China is ()a The problem of child suicide is becoming more and more serious; b Suicide among adolescents is a growing problem; c Suicide in middle-aged people is a growing problem; d The problem of suicide in the old orange town is becoming more and more seriousCorrect answer: d.

Older people have a stronger desire to commit suicide and are more lethal in the form of suicide; In addition, if older people commit suicide in the same way as younger people, their bodies are much less able to tolerate it.

First, China (especially in rural areas) has a very special social environment. All the social attributes of the Chinese are in the most ordinary "life", and the family has a central position in the concept of "life". Based on this, the family has become a place where the sacred and the secular are tolerated, and the pursuit of justice in "family politics" has become, to a certain extent, "the justice that people care most about in their daily lives."

"It's a social problem that we tend to ignore, including conflicts within the family, quarrels between husband and wife, and parents beating their children," Wu said. These phenomena have never been brought to the fore, but they are fundamental problems.

Second, the tradition of "living with the husband" and land distribution in the countryside (not a written system, but deeply ingrained and harder than the system). Rural women are born in a poor environment, both spiritually and materially. There is no one to tell about the helplessness, plight and pain they have suffered.

They are powerless to change the status quo and unable to leave this environment. It's like being planted in cement, unable to move. Therefore, when the predicament arises when "living a life", they cannot escape despair at all, so they go to a dead end.

Regardless of rural and urban. Everyone has the stress and confusion of everyone's life. When I encounter something, I think about it. Don't turn the horns. Because everyone is tired of living in this world.

The only time the Chinese government (Ministry of Health) released suicide rate statistics was in 1999, and the data showed that the suicide rate in China at that time was 10,000 people, including women and men. But this data has been questioned since then, why? Because the ** of this data is two:

One is the death registration system run by the Ministry of Health, which covers about 100 million people, and the other is the sampling network of disease surveillance sites (DSPs) of the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, covering about 10 million people. But the system covers far more people in urban areas than in rural areas, and China's urbanization rate was only 22 percent in 1999.

Relatively credible is the suicide rate statistics released by the Canadian scholar Fei Lipeng, whose survey showed that at that time, the suicide rate of Chinese reached 23, which was twice the suicide rate in the United States at that time ("China's Suicide Rate: 1995-1999", 2002, The Lancet). Why is the statistical result almost doubled?

It is because Fei Lipeng counted the suicide situation in the vast rural areas, and thus discovered a very special "Chinese-style suicide model".

Around the world, suicide rates were higher in urban populations than in rural areas, and in China at the time, the suicide rate in rural areas was 3-5 times higher than in urban areas.

Worldwide, men generally commit more suicides than women, but in China, the suicide rate among women is 20% higher than that of men.

In China, 30 percent of suicides and 60 percent of suicide attempts have no mental disorder. In Western countries, people with mental disorders account for 90% of suicides.

It should be pointed out that this is data from the beginning of this century (so I am also messy with this data that is still used in news reports in 2011). In 2009, Jing Jun, a professor at Tsinghua University, conducted a data analysis of suicide in China from 1987 to 2009. The results show that China's suicide rate was indeed at a high level in the world at one time, but it declined from 1996 to 2003, especially between 2004 and 2009.

One. Rural women generally do not have a high level of education, and when family conflicts occur, they do not have good communication methods and channels to vent their emotions, and often only think of dying.

Two. Due to various reasons, the status of women in rural families is low, and family conflicts are more likely to occur, and there is no good solution. With no way out, rural women often think of suicide.

Three. The use of pesticides for pest control is widespread in rural areas, and pesticides are readily available and are the main means of suicide among rural women.

To put it simply, in terms of patriarchy, if you marry into someone else's family, you are often treated as someone else, and it is impossible to remarry and have no place to live and no way to live.

The relationship between mother-in-law and daughter-in-law is relatively stiff, and it can only be said that there is no difference between being an orphan, and the husband is not able to play games all day long or work in a different place.

Suicide in many ways.

The pressure of life and the living conditions are worse than those of urban women with the same conditions.

No, the average city person commits suicide higher.

The thinking is relatively old-fashioned, caused by the living environment.

Says who? Not necessarily!

"China's suicide rate has plummeted" is astonishing, and it explains the problem in great detail. One of the paragraphs: "This has a lot to do with the harsh and cruel environment in rural China, and many people may not think that one of the biggest reasons why the suicide rate of women who leave the countryside and move into the city is that they are far away from the pesticides (including insecticides, fungicides, rodenticides, herbicides and mixed agricultural agents) that were readily available in rural areas."

According to a research report by the University of Hong Kong, nearly 60% of the suicides of women in rural areas are killed by drinking pesticides, "75% of the pesticides in rural China are kept at home, not specially bought for suicide, such as quarrels with their spouses, rural women go to the house to get pesticides and drink them, without thinking, 62% of them fail to rescue." If a person really wants to die, there are countless ways, but among the suicides, a large part of this is not the case, but "want to die and want to live is not determined", in a state of impulse and entanglement, at this time, if there are pesticides at home at hand, it will obviously not be conducive to the death to save life. And after the "working girls" came to the city from the countryside, the "convenience" of such pesticides was obviously lost.

On the other hand, for many young women from rural backgrounds, going to the city to work as "working girls" may be treated as "second-class citizens", but even this situation is better than if they stay in the countryside. First, the migration of rural women has caused them to leave for a considerable period of time in the year away from the common family disputes that come from the countryside, such as schooling, medical care, food, the distribution of labor within the family, marriage and inheritance. Although they are still in a subordinate position in the relationship between the city and their employers, it is different from the subordinate position in the countryside, and they are economically independent.

Even in the face of problems such as urban and rural discrimination, gender discrimination, employment discrimination, sexual harassment, wage deductions, body searches, deprivation of maternity leave, and low social insurance coverage, they often have corresponding strategies, of course, mainly patience, but this is also related to the broadening of their vision when they come to the city. ”

In the second half of 2011, I interviewed Professor Fei Lipeng, and the article at that time was here for reference on Chinese-style suicide. Professor Fei Lipeng is basically the first person to study suicide in China, and his conversation with him is also very informative. Take a screenshot of a few paragraphs from the article, I hope it helps:

In 2002, Fei Lipeng published an article in The Lancet, a top international medical journal, titled "China's Suicide Rate: 1995-1999".

Previously, according to data from China's Ministry of Health in 1999, the rate of death by suicide among Chinese was female and male, representing the number of deaths due to suicide per 100,000 people. The figures presented by Fei Lipeng in his article are far higher, and his survey shows that the suicide rate of Chinese reached 23 at that time.

Although I have not lived in the countryside for a long time, I have many relatives in the countryside, and I have heard my father mention some things in the past. I don't know what happened in the south, but I once went back to the countryside in the north alone, and the most direct experience is that they prefer to discuss the rights and wrongs of people, and their parents are short. You can imagine what kind of scene it would be like if there was a conflict between the two families in a circle that was not very large (there were only one or two hundred households in a village), and the whole village was full of relatives and friends, and if something happened, basically the whole village would know about it the next day.

Those who know a little bit of etiquette can just look at the excitement, and those who don't understand etiquette will go out if they add oil and vinegar, and this is how the rumors come out, and there will be grievances. If it's better, the contradiction will pass in a few days, and the bad one may not be able to get over for a few years.