What is the key to raising the score of the inductive summary question?

1. Summarize the essence.

The essence of inductive generalization is consistent with its superficial meaning, that is, the material is refined, inducted, and summarized, but in the topic of the argument is composed of the topic stem and the material, so the inductive generalization in the argument must be based on the premise of the topic stem to summarize the material, that is, what to ask and what to find, what to ask and what to generalize, only by paying attention to the correspondence between the question stem and the material, can the topic of inductive generalization be targeted and impartial.

2. Inductive and generalization methods.

1. Look at the target of the answer.

There are two types of inductive answers:

1) Common answers: questions, causes, significance, harms, practices, experiences, measures, etc.

2) Special answers: positive effects, bad tendencies, characteristics, processes, disputes, opinions, systems, performances, etc. For a particular respondent, think about the meaning of the respondent itself, so that it is easier to find it in the material.

Positive effect: the benefits that bring, the effect.

Bad tendencies: Problem.

Characteristics: The characteristics of a thing that are different from other things.

Process: sequence, steps.

Controversy: Having opposing views around a thing.

Opinions: Common views are divided into support, opposition, and neutrality.

System: the mechanism of formation, the norm.

Performance: Outward manifestation.

1) Pay attention to the overall expression. Don't limit yourself to just one sentence, learn to look at the material as a whole.

2) Pay attention to the key words of theory. Look at the whole, draw key words, don't sketch the whole text, to prevent the writing from becoming verbose. Therefore, learning to mark key words is the foundation and guarantee for simple and clear writing.

The above are the two aspects that need to be paid attention to to do a good job of induction and generalization, and the experts of Zhonggong Education hope that the majority of candidates can carefully study and ponder, apply them in practice, and truly improve their application scores.

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First, interpret the stem and clarify the direction.

The purpose of the examination is to find a clear direction - "what to find", "to find" and "how to find". "Go to ** find" is to clarify the scope, "what to find" is to find the object clearly, but also determines "how to find", but pay attention to some relatively novel answer objects, such as "precautions", "development process", etc., interpret these words can be interpreted in connection with actual life, just like the "development process", you can associate "human development process", that is, "four legs in the morning, two legs at noon, three legs at night", it can be seen that the development process includes time changes and content changes, so when you go to the material to find the main points, It is necessary to pay attention to the temporal adverbial and the content level changes in different time periods.

Second, the material is sorted out and the logic is clear.

In the process of finding points, there are often candidates who are not sure about the scale of the main points, and do not know which points can be discarded under the limit of the word count. In fact, such a situation arises from the unclear control of the macroscopic, mesoscopic and micro logic of the material. Macro control can clarify the scope of materials without clarifying the scope of materials; Meso-control can clarify the topic changes under the same theme and carry out the stratification of key points; Micro-control can clarify the gist of a paragraph, or even help refine the main sentence.

The original text of the material, "the river management costs of Britain and France, except for the flood control security tax, sewage discharge fees from urban residents and factories, special industrial pollution fees, and fines, are all allocated by **, which provides a strong financial guarantee for river management in the basin", because it summarizes the practices of developed countries in the process of water management, so pay attention to the verb when refining the main points, "except for ......."It can be seen that the three and a half sentences are the main points, and the material logic is the total subtotal, so "providing financial guarantee" is the main sentence. But the first half sentence is too long and needs to be condensed and summarized. You can pay attention to the high-frequency word that is, "fee", and the management fee also comes from "tax", which can be refined into "tax", and "** appropriation" accounts for a large proportion, so it can be summarized as "providing financial security."

Taxes and fees are supplemented, and ** appropriations are the mainstay".

Third, pay attention to accumulation and lay a good foundation.

After finding the full point, there are two main aspects to be done in the processing part. On the one hand, refine the main sentence; On the other hand, merge the main points and delete the synonyms. The so-called main sentence refers to the summary sentence before each main point.

One of them comes from the material, which can focus on key words, such as high-frequency words, high-end words, and macro words. For example, "in the process of watershed management, the cooperation of some countries is divided into two levels, namely, inter-country cooperation and inter-regional cooperation. The coordination mechanism includes the exchange of information, regular meetings and coordination, which increases the opportunities for mutual recognition and cooperation.

Collaboration mechanism is not only a macro word, but also a subject sentence. The second is its own accumulation, such as summarizing Dou Jialiang's rural revitalization practices. "Doujialiang, a village in the mountains, has barren land and a deteriorating living environment.

In this regard, ** gave an opinion of one word: 'move!' The practice is "moving", but if you contact the hot spots, you can know "relocation for poverty alleviation and relocation".

1. Clear point of view: explain the meaning of words and sentences, and express attitudes.

4. Accurate expression: use the original text as much as possible to extract the main points.

5. Clear logic: determine the answer idea according to the logic of the given data.

1. Learn to judge and judge question types.

How to determine that this is a comprehensive analysis question, let's first take a look at the test questions we have taken over the years and find the rules.

2. Remember the idea of answering the question.

Comment-based comprehensive analysis answers are often answered according to the following processing ideas: A what: put forward a point of view + B Why: analyze and demonstrate (causes, impacts, current situation, etc.) + C What to do: conclusion Countermeasures.

The theory is too abstract, in order to facilitate everyone's understanding, the teacher uses the 2019 A test questions to explain the operability of this answering method.

Comprehensive analysis questions are the most difficult types of questions in the national and provincial examinations, and they are also more important question types. As a sub-type of comprehensive analysis, word and sentence comprehension is the most frequent among all comprehensive analysis question types. For the comprehension of words and sentences, candidates should improve their learning position, be familiar with the characteristics of their question types, master their problem solving methods, and pay attention to their answering logic.

Familiarize yourself with the characteristics of the question type. It is important to be familiar with the characteristics of the question type, and only by identifying the question type can we find the solution to the problem. In the word and sentence comprehension questions, the question stem is to explain and explain the meaning, meaning, definition, etc. of one (two) words or a sentence, or talk about the understanding and analysis of one (two) words or a sentence.

For example, talk about the meaning of the concept of "pre-emptive failure" in the context of given information4; "If you can't break this kind of 'mask', you won't be able to produce a weighty work", please talk about your understanding of "all kinds of 'covering'"; According to "given information 4", let's talk about the understanding of the underlined part that "the premise of making good use of the science and technology correspondent is that the science and technology correspondent is easy to use and sufficient". The above questions are generally accurate, comprehensive, logical and clear. Candidates should note that they must first identify the question type before formally answering, of course, only by mastering these characteristics and rules can they identify the question type and find the direction of the answer.

Master how to solve problems. The idea of solving the word comprehension problem is to first answer the surface meaning, that is, what it is, including the explanation of the concept, definition and the problem or performance reflected in the word (limited to the question "meaning, definition and meaning"); Then answer the deeper meaning, i.e., why, how, and summary, reflecting the reason behind the problem or summarizing the overall meaning of the word or sentence (if the question contains words such as "explanation, understanding"). For example, talk about the meaning of the concept of "pre-emptive failure" in the context of given information4;

The answer is: refers to the psychological feeling of unconfidence, which is essentially a psychological sub-healthy psychological state, which is manifested as inaccurate and unconfident judgment of oneself, and excessive reliance on the so-called expert guidance system. For example:

Health fever, draft fever and other follow-up phenomena are all manifestations of the failure of pre-Liang Qiao. Note that the stem of the question asks "meaning", and only the surface of the question is sufficient. Among them, "refers to the psychological feeling of unconfidence, and the essence is the psychological state of psychological sub-health" is the concept, "the judgment is inaccurate and unconfident, and the over-reliance on the so-called expert guidance system" is the performance, and "health fever, draft land shed fever" is an example, of course, these are found from the materials.

Pay attention to the logic of its problem solving. The type of word comprehension questions should pay attention to the logic of the answers, which should be hierarchical, organized, and structured, and should not be confused. The beginning part is the surface content, reflecting the "concept, performance" and so on; The middle part, reflecting the logic of "cause and impact", can answer "reason" or "impact" first; The ending part reflects the logic of "countermeasures", and if there is no "countermeasures" in the materials, you can also supplement it by yourself to make a summary conclusion.

1. Material marking.

For the inductive summary question type, the general questioner will be given one or two materials for the answer range, how to find the main points in the given long material, which requires us to learn to mark in the process of reading the material, this mark is not a simple line, but to pay attention to the combing of each paragraph, many students will now face the situation is that after reading the long material, forget what the question asks, and read it again, so that it is extremely time-wasting when answering, and the efficiency is low. Therefore, in the process of reading a given material, it is necessary to pay attention to: first, analyze the question stem first, clarify the question stem before reading the material, and even mark the question above the material first; The second is to use different symbols to mark the main points in the paragraph in the process of reading the material, such as: the reason with a horizontal line, the impact with a wavy line, the function with braces, etc., so that after combing the material once, you only need to screen the key points from the marked material to form an answer, which saves a lot of time and can also ensure that the main points are complete, so as not to lose points.

For the inductive summary question type, in order to achieve accurate and complete points, finding the key words is the top priority, generally the answer object of this question type mostly appears in a single question, such as summarizing the reasons, influences, changes, effects, etc., there will be some hints in the material for candidates to find the key points of the answer, through because. Because. We can determine where the cause is located, and for example, the cause.

Make. caused. Question words, reason words, influence words, countermeasure words, related words, etc. are all reflected in the materials, and candidates can judge the answers through the logical relationship between such words, sentences and even paragraphs, so as to improve the accuracy of inductive and generalized question types.

3. Learn to look at cases and data.

The general argument materials are roughly divided into case-based materials, data-based materials, and opinion-based materials, among which case-based materials are the majority, and often candidates will have a certain fear of difficulties when encountering such materials, and they will not be able to write the answer after reading the materials. For data-based materials, there will generally be percentages, fractions and other expressions, then whether the numbers should be presented when sorting out the main points of the answers, generally speaking, the number of words in the summary question type is about words, so under the word limit, we present the point of view or the main content of the data to be demonstrated, rather than a simple number, the above are our coping skills when case-based and data-based materials appear, I hope that through the above methods, it can be helpful for students in this kind of material combing.

Induction and generalization is the foundation of learning to apply for a good theory, and laying a solid foundation can lead in the next study and examination.