How to view the Meiji Restoration, the content and impact of the Meiji Restoration

Japan's cleverness, China's defeat.

The Meiji Restoration led to the rapid rise of Japan, which reformed the backward feudal system and embarked on the road of developing capitalism by learning from the West and "breaking away from Asia and joining Europe". At the same time, Japan abrogated the unequal treaties and got out of the national crisis, becoming the only country in Asia that could maintain its national independence. However, the Meiji Restoration was incomplete and retained a large number of feudal remnants in various respects.

Later, Japan embarked on the path of foreign aggression and joined the ranks of the world's capitalist powers.

As for the social and cultural changes, with the absorption and introduction of Western culture and rules into Japan by foreign intellectuals (Hirobumi Ito, Shigenobu Okuma, Inazzo Shintodo, etc.), as well as the introduction of many modern things, the trend of "civilization and enlightenment" gradually took shape, which had a great impact on the traditional and conservative Japanese society. Not only have there been Westernized changes in material needs and living habits, but also a tendency to modernize ideas and concepts (such as punctuality, hygiene, and Western-style etiquette) under the widespread implementation of the education system and social organizations. The influence on literature and art is not small.

On the other hand, although the Meiji ** was determined to reform, on the whole, it was more focused on the results of making the country stronger, and there were also many problems: such as the emperor's excessive power, the long-term control of national affairs by powerful people from feudal domains, the formation of a powerful "feudal politics" system, the serious land annexation, and the monopoly of the market economy by the emerging chaebols. These negative problems interacted with some social problems that occurred and accumulated in the future, and eventually directly or indirectly prompted Japan to embark on the road of aggression and expansion.

The contents of the Meiji Restoration included political reform, civilization and enlightenment, industrial development, education, military reform, and social justice. The effects include the rapid rise of Japan and the development of capitalism, and the direct or indirect impetus to Japan's path of aggression and expansion.

The success of Japan's Meiji Restoration, especially the victory in the Sino-Japanese War, made the people of East Asia and even the whole of Asia realize that the rotten feudal system could no longer allow the nation to be liberated freely.

The reason for the success of the Meiji Restoration.

1. The relative maturity of the Japanese worldview and modern consciousness, that is, the role of the Enlightenment, is a key factor. Prior to the Meiji Restoration, Japan had experienced a protracted movement of enlightenment that was deeply rooted in the hearts of the people. Tease.

2. The awakening of a unified national and national consciousness.

3. After the Shogunate grew stronger, it overthrew the corrupt rule of the shogunate and supported Emperor Meiji to implement reforms.

4. The leaders of the Meiji Restoration were bourgeois-lower-level samurai, who had the traditional values of the samurai, such as loyalty, dutifulness, bravery, and a sense of honor, and at the same time had a certain germ of modern Western thought under the direct or indirect influence of Western studies and modern Western civilization.

5. At that time, the capitalist countries were busy invading China and suppressing the resistance of the Chinese people, thus objectively providing a relatively relaxed international environment for the Meiji Restoration.

Through the Meiji Restoration, Japan moved towards capitalist reform and became an East Asian power, thus becoming the only Asian country to invade others during World War II.

The Meiji Restoration refers to the top-down and capitalist nature of the comprehensive Westernization and modernization reform movement carried out in Japan at the end of the 60s of the 19th century under the impact of Western capitalist industrial civilization.

This reform began in 1868 with the establishment of a new ** by Emperor Meiji, and the modernization of political reform in Japan led to the establishment of a constitutional monarchy. Economically, we have promoted "colonization and development," learned from European and American technologies, carried out a wave of industrialization, and advocated "civilization and enlightenment," Europeanization of social life, and vigorously developed education.

This reform made Japan the first country in Asia to embark on the road of industrialization and gradually became one of the world's great powers, which was the beginning of Japan's modernization and an important turning point in Japan's modern history.

However, Japan's Meiji Restoration was not complete, and a large number of feudal remnants were retained. After Japan became strong, it embarked on the road of militarism of foreign aggression and expansion.

Evaluation: (1) It freed Japan from the crisis of becoming a semi-colonial country.

2) To transform Japan from a closed and closed country to an advanced capitalist country.

3) Japan soon embarked on the road of foreign aggression and expansion.