Since the eighth century BC, maritime civilizations have emerged in the Mediterranean, and there are

The Great River Civilization was an agricultural civilization.

The civilization of the sea is the civilization of commerce.

If culturally speaking. After all, the Great River Civilization also belonged to the inland civilization, and its orientation tended to be conservative compared to the Greco-Roman civilization. The great river civilization is prone to produce a centralized unified state, which is related to its topography.

Babylon, Assyria, and Persia, which were born on the two rivers, were all like this. And these civilizations are also agricultural civilizations. The Greek civilization was more open (Rome was not considered a maritime civilization).

Due to the limited land of its own, commercial activities have become the protagonists. So the Greek civilization is more integrated. (Greek comes from Phoenician) and this made Greek civilization more democratic.

This is also a characteristic of maritime civilization. The fragmented terrain of Greece also formed a unique city-state referring to the state. It also promotes the emancipation of the mind.

The extraordinary wisdom of the Greeks owes in part to the sea.

In ancient times, for example, the typical representatives of maritime civilizations were Greece and Rome.

Typical representatives of the Great River civilization are China, Egypt, etc.

The glory lies in Greece, and the greatness lies in Rome"The ancient Greek and Roman civilization, as the source of Western civilization, belongs to the latter in the entire ancient civilization, and has created more advanced and exquisite civilization achievements; Compared with the ancient oriental civilization, the most important feature of ancient Greece and Rome was the distinctive humanist spirit.

Greek democracy, philosophy, the inextinguishable Olympic flame, the magnificent architecture of Rome and the spirit of the rule of law are all treasures of human wealth.

Ancient Greece, Ancient Rome, Carthage.

Economically: Mainly commodity-based.

Politically: It has a parliamentary system and pursues democratic politics.

Temporal: There is no continuity, and it has been damaged and interrupted many times.

The Mediterranean Sea is between the three continents of Asia, Europe and Africa, the early Mesopotamian civilization and the Egyptian civilization; the Aegean civilization represented by Crete; the megalithic civilization represented by Malta; Phoenicians, Carthaginians facing the sea; the Hittites and Persians who crisscrossed Western Asia; The Greeks, who left the idea of democracy to the world, and the Romans, who ushered in a Mediterranean era, also appeared here. It is not only the birthplace of European civilization, but also the stage for the interpretation of many ancient civilizations.

There is no continuity, there is a developed commodity economy, and it has the color of democratic politics or parliamentary politics.

dAncient Greece was a typical maritime civilization.

aAncient Egypt in the valley of the Nile.

b Ancient Babylon in the Tigris and Euphrates river basins.

cAncient India in the Indus Valley.

It's all a great river civilization.

The answer is as follows: Typical representative: ancient Greek and Roman civilization.

Major achievements: Ancient Greece slavery democracy was highly developed politically; A large number of philosophical ideas with the color of filial piety and humanism have emerged; The Roman law system is well-established and influential.