What are the folk scenery of southern Shaanxi and what are the folk customs of Shaanxi?

The folk customs of Shaanxi are as follows:

1. Ansai waist drum.

Ansai waist drum is a traditional folk dance in Shaanxi Province. The performance can be carried out by several or thousands of people together, and the majestic momentum and exquisite expressiveness are intoxicating, and it is known as the first drum in the world. In 1996, Ansai District of Yan'an City was named the hometown of China's waist drum by the Ministry of Culture.

The folk songs of northern Shaanxi have her distinctive regional characteristics: rustic, atmospheric, and beautiful, and the soil is scum, big, and beautiful.

2. Huayin old dialect.

The old cavity is a kind of plate cavity opera, is a kind of shadow puppet play, the singer is a shadow puppet play in the background, and the singer runs to the front desk to shout and sing, which is mainly popular in Shuangquan Village, Huayin City, Shaanxi Province. Huayin City is bordered by Tongguan in the east, Huaxian County in the west, Qinling Mountains and Luonan County in the south, and Dali County across Weishui in the north.

3. Folk songs of northern Shaanxi.

Northern Shaanxi is a place where folk songs gather, and there are many types of folk songs, which are commonly known as "mountain songs" or "sour songs". There are more than 20 kinds of Xintianyou, Minor, Wine Song, Yulin Song, etc., among which Xintianyou is the most distinctive and representative.

4. Shaanxi Shehuo face.

The Baoji area of Shaanxi, known as Xifu, is one of the representative areas of Shaanxi Shehuo face art. In particular, the Shehuo face mask of Longxian County and Baoji County has a long history, the face mask has a peculiar shape, the color is simple and bright, the decoration is strict and exquisite, and the spectrum is many and complete, representing the highest level of Xifu Shehuo face mask.

5. Yangge in northern Shaanxi.

Also known as "Troubled Red Fire", "Troublesome Yangge", "Troublesome Social Fire", "Troublesome Yang Song", etc., it is a kind of Han traditional dance that spreads in Shaanxi and northern Shaanxi Plateau with a wide range of masses and representatives. Yangge in northern Shaanxi has a long history, rich content and diverse forms, with "Suide Yangge" being the most representative.

Nangong Mountain National 4A Scenic Area (National Geopark).

Yanxiang Cave National 4A Scenic Area.

Yinghu National 4A Scenic Area (National Water Conservancy Scenic Area), Fengyan Ancient Terraced Rice Field, National 4A Scenic Area.

Zhongba Grand Canyon National 4A Scenic Area.

Xiangxidong National 3A Scenic Area.

Lanhe rafting national 3A scenic spot.

Mille-feuille River National 3A Scenic Area.

Xunyang Red Army Memorial Hall, National 3A Scenic Area (National Red Tourism Scenic Spot), Qianjiaping National 3A Scenic Area.

The introduction of Shaanxi folk culture is as follows:

1. Guanzhong shadow puppetry.

Guanzhong shadow puppetry originated in the Han Dynasty, originally made of cardboard, and began to be made of cow, sheep, and donkey skins after the Song Dynasty. According to the design image of the play, the best donkey, cow and sheepskin are selected through six processes: scraping, carving, dyeing, covering, ironing and embellishment.

Guanzhong shadow puppetry not only inherited the tradition of Han portrait stone carving, but also gave full play to the strengths of Song Dynasty style painting, using refined wheel corridor shapes, exaggerated decorative patterns, sparse and dense processing techniques between virtual and real, and meticulous carving kung fu to express the appearance, identity, clothing and personality of the characters in the play, so as to achieve the artistic effect of both form and spirit.

2. Social fire. Shaanxi folk is a wide-ranging, traditional, spectacular mass entertainment activities, ** in the ancient ancestors of the worship of land and fire.

Shaanxi "Shehuo" is usually performed in the New Year, festivals or temple fairs, including drum music, cores, stilts, bamboo horses, dry boats, Yangge, dragon dances, lion dances, lanterns, etc. Guanzhong is the most active area in Shaanxi, and Baoji is known as the "hometown of Chinese social fire".

3. The noodle flower is commonly known as "flower bun".

It belongs to the art of dough sculpture, and the types include weddings, funerals, birthday gifts, and festival flower buns. The face flower originated from the Han folk sacrifice activities, originated in the Han Dynasty, became in the Tang Dynasty, flourished in the Song Dynasty, and after the Ming Dynasty, the face flower was widely popular among the people, and at the end of the Qing Dynasty, there were also artists who specialized in making noodles in Beijing.

4. Yijun peasant painting

In the history of civilization for thousands of years, it has experienced several periods of cultural development in the Neo-Paleolithic Age, the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, Wei, Tang and Song Dynasties. The profound cultural accumulation and rich artistic connotation have formed people's special aesthetic taste. The special artistic expression of Yijun peasant painting in this special environment came into being.

5. Folk songs of northern Shaanxi.

Northern Shaanxi folk songs are traditional folk songs in northern Shaanxi, which are divided into three categories: labor trumpet, Xintianyou, and minor tune. The labor trumpet includes tamping songs, beating songs, quarrying songs, cow songs, and playing songs. Xintianyou is divided into high cavity and flat cavity.

These traditional folk songs, which have their own genres and have their own characteristics, reflect social life in all aspects, sing the bitter joys and loves, and hatreds of the people of northern Shaanxi, and when the social system is fundamentally changed, the content and form of folk songs also change. This change is reflected in the content of the new social life and new characters, and at the same time, it also gives new meaning to various genres.

1. Qin cavity

Qinqiang opera, also known as "Bangzi opera", is one of the oldest dramas of the Han Chinese people, originating in the Western Zhou Dynasty and originating in Xifu (the core area is Qishan (Xiqi) and Fengxiang (Yongcheng) in Baoji City, Shaanxi Province). Matured in Qin. It is one of the national intangible cultural heritages.

2. Huxian peasant painting

Huxian peasant painting is a polysemous word, Huxian peasant painting originated from the folk, in the Guanzhong area of Shaanxi Province paper-cutting, murals, New Year paintings, embroidery and other folk art on the basis of evolution, with a simple painting language, detailed and vivid record of the rural production and labor of the spectacular scene, warm and lively festival scenes and colorful folk customs.

The regional characteristics of Huxian peasant paintings are distinct, the picture is concise and full, the imagination is bold and rich, the style is romantic and clumsy, the decorative meaning is strong, and the ancient and clumsy middle-class open-air work. Today's Huxian peasant paintings pay more attention to expression, and peasant painters have created very simple paintings with their own life experience and unique artistic creativity.

3. Shaanxi paper-cutting

Shaanxi paper-cutting is one of the traditional folk art forms with a long history. Paper-cutting is a kind of hollow art, which visually gives people a sense of transparency and artistic enjoyment. Its carrier can be paper, gold and silver leaf, bark, leaves, cloth, leather, leather and other sheet materials.

4. Shadow puppetry

Shadow puppetry, also known as "shadow play" or "shadow play", is a kind of silhouette of characters made of animal skins or cardboard, which is performed with a bright-proof cloth under the illumination of lights, and is one of the most popular puppet shows in Chinese folk. During the performance, the artists behind the white curtain, while manipulating the opera characters, sang the story in the bowl or string chamber of Shaanxi characteristics, accompanied by percussion instruments and strings, with a strong Qin atmosphere. In particular, the shadow puppet of Huaxian County, Shaanxi Province is the most famous, and has been included in the first batch of national intangible cultural heritage list.

5. Fengxiang painted clay sculpture

Woodblock New Year paintings are a traditional folk art form with a long history in China, and Fengxiang woodblock New Year paintings are a major genre of traditional Chinese folk New Year paintings, which began in the Tang and Song dynasties and flourished in the Ming and Qing dynasties, and were praised by foreign collectors as "the crystallization of oriental wisdom".

Shaanxi folk culture includes Qin dialect, paper-cutting, clay sculpture and so on.

1. Qin cavityOne of the oldest dramas of the Han nationality in China, the Qin dialect originated in the Western Zhou Dynasty, originated in the Xifu, was formed in the Qin, advanced in the Han Dynasty, Changming in the Tang Dynasty, complete in the Yuan, matured in the Ming Dynasty, and broadcast in the Qing Dynasty.

Qin dialect is also known as "random play", popular in Shaanxi, Gansu, Qinghai, Ningxia, Xinjiang and other places in northwest China, among which Baoji's Xifu Qin dialect accent is the oldest, and Xi'an Yi Folk Society, Shaanxi Provincial Opera Research Institute of Qin dialect is the most famous, popular repertoire has "Three Drops of Blood", "Zhou Ren Returns to the Mansion", "Fifteen Runs", "Flame Horse", "Da Dengdian" and so on.

2. Paper-cutting. In Shaanxi folk, celebrations such as New Year's festivals, wedding celebrations, full moon birthdays, and temple fairs at the Welcoming God Race Society have the custom of sticking paper-cuts on the doors and windows. Paper-cutting, commonly known as window flowers, is a kind of folk arts and crafts that pastes various colors of paper on the outlined rough line paper for cutting, and has a far-reaching and extensive mass base in Shaanxi folk.

"Wall flowers", "door symbols", "lantern flowers", "happy flowers", "kang flowers", "door curtain flowers" and so on are also an important part of Shaanxi paper-cutting. Shaanxi paper-cut regional style is strong, enjoys a high reputation in the country, "Hundred Birds and Phoenix", "Mouse Marrying Girl", "Wang Xiang Lying Ice", "Two Dragons Play Pearls" and other paper-cut works are famous at home and abroad.

3. Clay sculpture. Clay sculpture, that is, a folk handicraft made of clay to make various images. Commonly known as "color sculpture" and "mud play" in the folk, originated in Fengxiang County, Baoji City, Fengxiang clay sculpture is also known as "Fengxiang painted clay sculpture", "Fengxiang colored sculpture" and "Fengxiang clay puppet".

There are more than 170 varieties of Fengxiang clay sculptures, as large as half a person high giant squatting tiger, tiger hanging face, small to square inch rabbit, small lion, unique among the many folk clay sculptures in the country.