What are the folk arts of northern Shaanxi folk customs and Shaanxi folk culture

The introduction of Shaanxi folk culture is as follows:

1. Guanzhong shadow puppetry.

Guanzhong shadow puppetry originated in the Han Dynasty, originally made of cardboard, and began to be made of cow, sheep, and donkey skins after the Song Dynasty. According to the design image of the play, the best donkey, cow and sheepskin are selected through six processes: scraping, carving, dyeing, covering, ironing and embellishment.

Guanzhong shadow puppetry not only inherited the tradition of Han portrait stone carving, but also gave full play to the strengths of Song Dynasty style painting, using refined wheel corridor shapes, exaggerated decorative patterns, sparse and dense processing techniques between virtual and real, and meticulous carving kung fu to express the appearance, identity, clothing and personality of the characters in the play, so as to achieve the artistic effect of both form and spirit.

2. Social fire. Shaanxi folk is a wide-ranging, traditional, spectacular mass entertainment activities, ** in the ancient ancestors of the worship of land and fire.

Shaanxi "Shehuo" is usually performed in the New Year, festivals or temple fairs, including drum music, cores, stilts, bamboo horses, dry boats, Yangge, dragon dances, lion dances, lanterns, etc. Guanzhong is the most active area in Shaanxi, and Baoji is known as the "hometown of Chinese social fire".

3. The noodle flower is commonly known as "flower bun".

It belongs to the art of dough sculpture, and the types include weddings, funerals, birthday gifts, and festival flower buns. The face flower originated from the Han folk sacrifice activities, originated in the Han Dynasty, became in the Tang Dynasty, flourished in the Song Dynasty, and after the Ming Dynasty, the face flower was widely popular among the people, and at the end of the Qing Dynasty, there were also artists who specialized in making noodles in Beijing.

4. Yijun peasant painting

In the history of civilization for thousands of years, it has experienced several periods of cultural development in the Neo-Paleolithic Age, the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, Wei, Tang and Song Dynasties. The profound cultural accumulation and rich artistic connotation have formed people's special aesthetic taste. The special artistic expression of Yijun peasant painting in this special environment came into being.

5. Folk songs of northern Shaanxi.

Northern Shaanxi folk songs are traditional folk songs in northern Shaanxi, which are divided into three categories: labor trumpet, Xintianyou, and minor tune. The labor trumpet includes tamping songs, beating songs, quarrying songs, cow songs, and playing songs. Xintianyou is divided into high cavity and flat cavity.

These traditional folk songs, which have their own genres and have their own characteristics, reflect social life in all aspects, sing the bitter joys and loves, and hatreds of the people of northern Shaanxi, and when the social system is fundamentally changed, the content and form of folk songs also change. This change is reflected in the content of the new social life and new characters, and at the same time, it also gives new meaning to various genres.

1. Qin cavity

Qinqiang opera, also known as "Bangzi opera", is one of the oldest dramas of the Han Chinese people, originating in the Western Zhou Dynasty and originating in Xifu (the core area is Qishan (Xiqi) and Fengxiang (Yongcheng) in Baoji City, Shaanxi Province). Matured in Qin. It is one of the national intangible cultural heritages.

2. Huxian peasant painting

Huxian peasant painting is a polysemous word, Huxian peasant painting originated from the folk, in the Guanzhong area of Shaanxi Province paper-cutting, murals, New Year paintings, embroidery and other folk art on the basis of evolution, with a simple painting language, detailed and vivid record of the rural production and labor of the spectacular scene, warm and lively festival scenes and colorful folk customs.

The regional characteristics of Huxian peasant paintings are distinct, the picture is concise and full, the imagination is bold and rich, the style is romantic and clumsy, the decorative meaning is strong, and the ancient and clumsy middle-class open-air work. Today's Huxian peasant paintings pay more attention to expression, and peasant painters have created very simple paintings with their own life experience and unique artistic creativity.

3. Shaanxi paper-cutting

Shaanxi paper-cutting is one of the traditional folk art forms with a long history. Paper-cutting is a kind of hollow art, which visually gives people a sense of transparency and artistic enjoyment. Its carrier can be paper, gold and silver leaf, bark, leaves, cloth, leather, leather and other sheet materials.

4. Shadow puppetry

Shadow puppetry, also known as "shadow play" or "shadow play", is a kind of silhouette of characters made of animal skins or cardboard, which is performed with a bright-proof cloth under the illumination of lights, and is one of the most popular puppet shows in Chinese folk. During the performance, the artists behind the white curtain, while manipulating the opera characters, sang the story in the bowl or string chamber of Shaanxi characteristics, accompanied by percussion instruments and strings, with a strong Qin atmosphere. In particular, the shadow puppet of Huaxian County, Shaanxi Province is the most famous, and has been included in the first batch of national intangible cultural heritage list.

5. Fengxiang painted clay sculpture

Woodblock New Year paintings are a traditional folk art form with a long history in China, and Fengxiang woodblock New Year paintings are a major genre of traditional Chinese folk New Year paintings, which began in the Tang and Song dynasties and flourished in the Ming and Qing dynasties, and were praised by foreign collectors as "the crystallization of oriental wisdom".

1. Ansai waist drum: Ansai waist drum is a traditional folk dance in Ansai District, Yan'an City, Shaanxi Province, known as "the first drum in the world"; 2. Fengxiang clay sculpture: Fengxiang clay sculpture draws on the characteristic ornaments in folk customs such as stone carvings and New Year paintings, with exaggerated shapes and bright colors; 3. Shaanxi paper-cutting

Shaanxi paper-cutting skills are exquisite and rich in meaning; 4. Hukou Drum: Hukou Drum originates from Hukou Waterfall.

What are the folk arts of the eggplant hall in Shaanxi.

1. Ansai waist drum

When it comes to the folk art of Shaanxi, it has to mention the waist drum. Ansai waist drum is a traditional folk dance in Ansai District, Yan'an City, Shaanxi Province, which can be performed by several or thousands of people together, with majestic momentum and great appeal, and is known as "the first drum in the world".

2. Fengxiang clay sculpture

Wind direction painted clay sculpture is a traditional folk art in Fengxiang County, Baoji City, Shaanxi Province, which draws on the characteristic ornaments in stone carving, New Year paintings, frying and embroidery, and makes different types of clay sculptures, with exaggerated shapes and bright colors, which are quite popular among the people.

3. Shaanxi paper-cutting

Shaanxi's paper-cutting is also one of the traditional folk art forms in Shaanxi, Shaanxi from south to north, everywhere you can see colorful paper-cutting, or simple or rough style, people can't help but smile. Shaanxi paper-cutting technology is exquisite and rich in meaning, and occupies an important position in the national folk art.

4. The spout of the drum

Hukou Drum is a traditional folk art in northern Shaanxi, because it originates from the Hukou Waterfall, so it is also named after the tribe. Hukou Dougu integrates dance, martial arts, and percussion into one, and is characterized by being rough and bold, high-pitched and passionate, showing the optimistic character of the people of the Loess Plateau.

There are many kinds of folk art in Shaanxi, including:

Xi'an Drum Music: Known as the "Ancient Chinese Symphony", it is a living fossil of the Tang Dynasty.

Fengxiang clay sculpture: famous for its mighty and lovely shape, bright and bright colors, hearty lines and romantic and magical ornaments.

Da Limen Huhua: Originated from the sacrificial rites, the style covers all the forms and characteristics of the noodle flowers in Weibei area, and it is the "master of the noodle flowers".

Ansai waist drum: It is used by the ancient military to increase the morale of the army and transmit intelligence, and has now become a folk dance when the local people pray for the gods, wish for a good harvest, and celebrate the Spring Festival.

There are also shadow puppetry, Xun painting, woodblock New Year paintings, embroidery in northern Shaanxi, etc. are also folk arts in Shaanxi.

1. Ansai waist drumAnsai waist drum, a traditional folk dance in Ansai District, Yan'an City, Shaanxi Province. 2. Fengxiang clay sculpture

Fengxiang painted clay sculpture is a kind of traditional folk art bureau in Fengxiang County, Baoji City, Shaanxi Province, and the local people are commonly known as clay goods. 3, Yichuan chest drum. Yichuan chest drum is a traditional folk dance form based on encouragement, it has a long history, through the ancient war people drumming to help the war, transmitting the signal of socks, drumming to celebrate the form of the wax liquid jie, the original name of the flower drum.

4. Shaanxi paper-cutting and pot mouth drums.

1. Huxian peasant painting. On the basis of folk art such as paper-cutting, murals, New Year paintings, embroidery and other folk arts in the Guanzhong area of Shaanxi Province, it has recorded in detail and vividly the spectacular scenes of rural production and labor, the warm and lively festival scenes and the colorful folk customs with simple painting language.

2. Fuxian Xun painting. Xun painting has both the artistic effect of paper-cutting and printmaking, simple and vigorous, rigorous structure, concise technique, clear primary and secondary, virtual and real contrast, exaggerated image, clear theme, is a wonderful plant of Chinese folk art garden. It is in perfect harmony with Fuxian paper-cutting, and has won the reputation of "the hometown of Chinese folk art" for Fuxian.

3. Luochuan wool and linen embroidery. Luochuan wool and linen embroidery has a wide range of themes, rich content, novel ideas, exquisite skills, and mostly comes from the hands of village girls and peasant women. In terms of composition, try to fill the picture as much as possible, flat, and not block each other.

The shape is drastic, simplifying, and boldly exaggerated, making the image more vivid and colorful. The collection of fine and gorgeous and rough and simple in one, rich in decoration and practicality, is a new star of Chinese national wall decoration.

4, the eight monsters in Guanzhong. Due to the influence of climate, economy, culture and other reasons, the Guanzhong area has formed some unique ways in terms of clothing, food, housing, transportation and entertainment. The Guanzhong area of Shaanxi Province, which has a rich historical and cultural accumulation, follows the history and folk customs, and forms a vivid and interesting "Eight Monsters", which has become a hot spot for foreign tourists to explore with its unique charm of "ancient style and ancient Chang'an".

5. Guanzhong paper-cutting. Baoji still widely uses silver foil paper-cutting to decorate face flowers, gift buns, candles, pavilions, flower tents, etc. "Pair of Monkeys" and "Tsushimas" are still the main themes that continue to be used today.

In a sense, paper-cutting has become a symbol of Chinese culture, which not only expresses the Chinese nation's sincere and timeless folk sentiments and customs, but also incorporates Chinese ideological emotions and judgments of good and evil.

1. Xi'an drum music.

Zhouzhi Jixian Town is known as the "hometown of drum music", Xi'an drum music has been passed down from the Tang Dynasty to the present, known as "the symphony of ancient China", is the living fossil of the Tang Dynasty.

As the world's intangible cultural heritage, Xi'an drum music has a complex and huge structure and is extremely difficult to perform, and the main musical instruments are seat drums, war drums, music drums, bean drums, sheng, flute, pipa and other musical instruments.

2. Fengxiang clay sculpture

Fengxiang clay sculpture is famous for its mighty and lovely shape, bright and bright colors, hearty lines and romantic and magical ornaments.

If you want to appreciate this exquisite folk art, you can't miss the birthplace of "Fengxiang Clay Sculpture" - Liuying Village, Fengxiang County, Baoji City. The painted clay sculptures here are made of six kinds of materials, including local unique black oil plate clay, white sealing and washing soil, high-quality cotton, and glutinous rice. A handful of plain soil, inheriting the monument of historical footprints, one stroke at a time, outlining the chapter of folk art.

The clay sculptures are as large as several meters and as small as a few centimeters, and the many patterns of the shapes all make people feel the agility of the delicate hands and the rich imagination of wisdom and wisdom.

3. Big lychee flowers.

Like all noodle flowers, the big lychee flower also comes from the sacrificial rites, the difference is that the style of the big lychee flower covers all the forms and characteristics of the noodle flower in Weibei area, and it is the "master of the noodle flower".

In Dali, according to the four seasons and eight festivals, birth and marriage and funeral, the face flower has jujube cake, qualiry, tiger head, happy bun, longevity peach and other styles, with the Luo River as the boundary, the face flower in the north of the Luo River is delicate and exquisite, and the face flower in the south of the Luo River is rough and atmospheric.

What's even more amazing is that in Ashou Village, Qiangbai Town, Dali County, people have "molded" the dough into a building, and pinched out a "new world" with their fingertips.

Curious friends, you may wish to go to the exhibition hall on the 2nd floor of the Dali County Cultural Center, where there is often a 5-storey, about 50 centimeters high archway flowers.

4. Ansai waist drum.

Ansai District is located in the north of Yan'an City, Shaanxi Province, with a vast area and ravines, and has been an important military town in history"Upper County Throat""North Gate Lock Key"called.

Legend has it that as early as the Qin and Han dynasties, the waist drum was regarded as an indispensable equipment by the garrison soldiers as swords, guns, bows and arrows, and was used by the ancient military to increase the morale of the army and transmit intelligence.

With the passage of time, the waist drum has gradually developed from a military use to a folk dance of the local people when praying to the gods, wishing for a good harvest, and celebrating the Spring Festival.

5. Yanchuan paper-cutting.

In northern Shaanxi, since ancient times, there has been a saying that "two rivers are out of the text, and three sides are out of the martial arts", and Yanchuan is one of the rivers, known as the "hometown of culture".

Yanchuan paper-cutting originated from the folk custom of praying for blessings and driving away disasters, and is closely related to the national totem culture, with various forms, wide themes, concise and simple shapes, rough and vigorous, and enthusiastic and unrestrained.

The art of Yanchuan paper-cutting is unique, with a strong local atmosphere and distinctive local characteristics, and the cut-out is a lively northern folk life!

Huxian peasant painting.

Kaoru Tomihari painting. Luochuan wool and linen embroidery.

Wu Qidou sticky painting, Ansai modern farmer, Nanzheng diet.

Hanzhong sliding rod. Langao custom paintings, Guanzhong paper-cutting, Yanchuan cloth pile paintings, and the eight monsters of Shaanxi.

Yangge, singing folk songs, singing Taoism, playing waist drums, etc. Northern Shaanxi folk customs is the collective name of the cultural customs in northern Shaanxi, which can be divided into folk art, life etiquette, annual customs, social etiquette, folk customs and other contents.

Due to regional differences, the ancient traditional festivals in northern Shaanxi can be roughly divided into farming, sacrifice, commemoration, celebration, etc., which have distinct regional characteristics, and can affect the emotions of each trouser chain person, reflecting the traditional values, folk psychology and cultural spirit of the Chinese nation.

Folk culture, also known as traditional culture, is a general term for the customs and life culture of the folk people. It also refers to the customs and living habits created, shared and inherited by the people living in a nation or region. It is a series of non-material things, folk customs and people's daily life formed in the process of production and life of ordinary people (relatively few are more than official).