What are the types of primary prevention and what does primary prevention mean?

Primary prevention, also known as prevention, is the act of reducing the level of harmful exposure, enhancing the individual's ability to combat harmful exposure, preventing the onset of disease (or injury) or at least delaying the onset of disease (or injury) by targeting ** or risk factors before the disease (or injury) has occurred. Primary prevention should be the fundamental measure to eradicate or eliminate the disease (or injury).

Primary prevention of coronary heart disease – i.e. intervention of risk factors. Recognized risk factors for coronary heart disease include male sex, family history of premature coronary heart disease, smoking, hypertension, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL C) concentration of < millimol (35 mg dL) after repeated measurements, diabetes mellitus, a clear history of cerebrovascular or peripheral vascular occlusion, and severe obesity (30% overweight).

In addition to gender and family history, other risk factors can be avoided** or prevented.

Lowers blood pressure. Elevated blood pressure, hypercholesterolemia, and smoking are thought to be the three most important risk factors for coronary heart disease. At present, it is emphasized that other risk factors should be controlled in the fight against hypertension**, because elevated blood pressure is often associated with hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia, elevated fibrinogen, and abnormal ECG.

Lowers serum cholesterol.

Experiments have shown that only by maintaining an ideal cholesterol level for a long time can the goal of preventing the onset of coronary heart disease or not aggravating coronary heart disease. It is recommended to prevent elevated blood lipids in the population primarily by non-pharmacological routes. First, health promotion should be extensive.

There was a significant correlation between serum total cholesterol levels and coronary heart disease. When total cholesterol is in millimoliters (200 239 milligrams dL) or/and LDL C is millimoliters (130 159 milligrams dL), non-pharmacological interventions can be taken, and patients with hypercholesterolemia with total cholesterol millimoliters (240 milliliters) should take both pharmacological and non-pharmacological lipid-lowering measures under the guidance of a doctor.

Promote smoking cessation and discourage smoking.

Various measures should be taken to move towards a smoke-free society, such as banning smoking among young people, encouraging middle-aged people to quit smoking, and advising the elderly to smoke less or lower the use of toxic cigarettes.

**。The main thing is to reduce calorie intake and increase the amount of exercise, and overweight and obese people should reduce calories. However, rapid weight loss through very low caloric intake or complete starvation is not advisable.

In addition, because coronary atherosclerosis begins in childhood and adolescence, prevention of coronary heart disease should begin in childhood. It is important not to overweight children, to prevent blood pressure from rising and to prevent children from becoming smokers.

**Prophylaxis. Primary prevention, also known as prevention, is the act of reducing the level of harmful exposure, enhancing the individual's ability to resist harmful exposure, and preventing or at least delaying the occurrence of disease by targeting ** or risk factors before the disease occurs. Primary prevention is the fundamental to the elimination or elimination of disease, and the primary prevention approach is to the environment and to the organism.

The following principles should be followed in the prevention and control measures; 1. Do a good job in organizational work under the leadership of the party at all levels, which is an important organizational guarantee for the smooth progress of epidemic prevention work.

2. Implement the policy of prevention first.

3. Fully mobilize the masses and do a good job in epidemic prevention.

4. Pay attention to countermeasures, take comprehensive measures, and choose leading measures.

The difference between primary and secondary prevention is as follows:

First, the concept is different

1. Primary prevention, also known as primary prevention, is to take measures to reduce the occurrence of psychological disorders before the problem occurs. In a sense, primary prevention is real prevention, the most active and proactive prevention.

2. The goal of secondary prevention is early detection, early diagnosis and early prevention of patients with psychological disorders, so as to strive for a good prognosis and prevent them. Because we can't always prevent it from happening, it's inevitable that psychological disorders will appear in all kinds of people.

2. Preventive measures

1. Primary prevention.

First, it is necessary to actively carry out health education work, especially to strengthen mental health education for the broad masses of the community, vigorously publicize the great significance of mental health to people, popularize mental health knowledge, and integrate health education, mental health care, and the prevention of psychological disorders into community health care work, so as to raise the awareness and skills of the broad masses of people in the community for mental health self-care.

Second, carry out appropriate mental health examinations on a regular basis, screen patients with possible psychological disorders, and protect high-risk groups.

Third, carry out mental health consultation, pay close attention to the mental health status of people of different ages from childhood to old age, and provide corresponding mental health guidance for individuals at different stages of the individual development process. It is of great significance to carry out timely counseling and relief work for relevant people for the prevention of psychological disorders.

2. Secondary prevention.

First, conduct regular mental health surveys of residents to identify risk factors and related factors that cause psychological disorders. Guide residents to conduct mental health self-assessment as required by community medical staff, improve residents' ability to identify psychological disorders at an early stage, and detect those with psychological abnormalities as soon as possible.

Second, for people who may have psychological disorders (or mental illnesses), guide them to seek medical treatment in a timely manner, receive counseling and**. Mental health personnel should conduct regular home visits, provide appropriate guidance and necessary interventions, eliminate negative family factors, teach family members to observe their illness, and prevent violent acts and accidents.

Third, patients with mental illness should be given timely and effective medication, psychological care and care, and the length of hospital stay should be shortened as much as possible, so that patients can return to their families and society as soon as possible.

Secondary prevention is also known as preclinical prevention (or pre-symptomatic prevention), that is, early detection, early diagnosis, and early diagnosis in the preclinical stage of the disease"Three mornings"Precautionary measures. This level of prevention is to prevent changes in the preclinical or early clinical stage of the disease through early detection, early diagnosis and appropriate **.

Answer]: bThe first attack is also known as **prevention. In the first level of prevention, preventive measures are taken before the disease factor has entered the environment, which is called radical prevention.