What s your favorite Confucian classic?

The Book of Rites", an important book of rules and regulations in ancient China. The book was compiled by the Western Han Dynasty scholar Dai De and his nephew Dai Sheng. It expounds ideas including social, political, ethical, philosophical, religious and other aspects, among which the "University", "The Mean" and "Rites and Fortunes" have rich philosophical ideas.

From the analysis of its ideological content, it shows that Confucianism developed into the late Warring States period, integrating Taoism, law, yin and yang, and other thoughts, which underwent great changes with the thoughts of Confucius in the Spring and Autumn Period. The content of the "Rites of the Week" is extremely rich. As large as the world's Kyushu, astronomical calendars; As small as ditches and roads, grass, trees, insects and fish.

It can be called a treasure trove of ancient cultural history.

I Ching, note that it is not the Zhou Yi, which includes the Zhou Yi and the Confucian interpretation of the Zhou Yi.

The Spring and Autumn Zuo Chuan, also known as the "Zuo Chuan", is the earliest existing chronicle history book in China, and the first relatively complete chronicle history book in China. It is much longer than the chronicle time of "Spring and Autumn". It is a must-read classic for studying and researching pre-Qin history, literature, philosophy and language.

It provides valuable historical materials for the study of Spring and Autumn history and ancient history.

The Book of Songs, the earliest collection of poems in China, contains poems from the early Western Zhou Dynasty to the middle of the Spring and Autumn Period for more than 500 years (11th to 6th centuries BC). In addition, there are 6 articles with titles but no content, that is, there are no words, called Sheng poems, also known as "Three Hundred Poems". In the Western Han Dynasty, it was revered as a Confucian classic, originally called the "Book of Songs", and has been used to this day.

I Ching, which is the root of natural philosophy and ethical practice in traditional Chinese thought and culture, is the oldest original work of divination in China and has had a huge impact on Chinese culture. It is the crystallization of 5,000 years of wisdom and culture in China, and is known as "the head of the group of classics and the source of the avenue".

Spring and Autumn", the article is very short, so the choice of words is quite delicate. Very"Art"The earth embodies the meaning of the small words, forming the so-called in later generations"Spring and Autumn penmanship"It is the Bible of Confucius.

Etiquette", which records various etiquettes of the Zhou Dynasty, among which the etiquette of scholars and doctors is the main one. Before the Qin Dynasty, the articles were unknown, and in the early Han Dynasty, there were 17 ceremonies and rituals of Gaotangsheng, and 56 ancient rituals, but unfortunately some of them have been lost.

The Book of Songs", or sad, or joyful, or confused, or bright. In short, poetry is a genre that can always resonate with people with different feelings when reading it under different circumstances.

Four Books and Five Classics: Four Books: University, The Mean, Analects, Mencius. Five classics: "Book of Songs", "Book of Songs", "Book of Rites", "Zhou Yi", "Spring and Autumn".

the four books, Analects, Mencius, The University, and The Mean; The Five Classics "Book of Songs", "Book of Books", "Book of Rites", "Book of Changes" and "Spring and Autumn Classics", referred to as "Poems, Books, Rites, Yi, Spring and Autumn", before that, there was also a "Book of Music", collectively known as "Poems, Books, Rites, Music, Yi, Spring and Autumn", these six books are also called "Six Classics".

The Thirteen Classics.

The basic classics of Confucian culture are also the most classic.

Yi", "Poems", "Books", "Rites", "Spring and Autumn", "Zuo Chuan", "Ram Biography", and "Gu Liang Biography".

The Book of Rites, the Book of Filial Piety, the Analects, and the Mencius Four Records of Erya (Han).

Status: Sutra Biography and Records of Erya

The University and the Mean were in the Book of Rites, and it was not until the Southern Song Dynasty that Zhu Xi incorporated them into one with the Analects and Mencius, and called the Four Books, and the Thirteen Classics can be called the most complete Confucian classics.

"Poems", "Books", "Rites", "Yi", "Music", "Spring and Autumn", "University", "The Mean", "Mencius", "Analects", etc.

【Four Books】The collective name of "University", "The Mean", "Analects" and "Mencius". The Song people took out the "University" and "The Mean" in the "Book of Rites", and cooperated with the "Analects" and "Mencius", and during the Chunxi period of the Southern Song Dynasty, Zhu Xi wrote the "Annotations on the Collection of Chapters and Sentences of the Four Books", and the name of the "Four Books" was determined from this. Since then, the "Four Books" have always been the required reading for orthodox education in China's feudal society and the primary standard book for the imperial examination.

The Five Classics] The abbreviation of the five Confucian classics of "Poetry", "Book", "Rite", "Yi" and "Spring and Autumn" was first called in the time of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty. It contains rich historical materials of ancient China, which is a compulsory textbook for education in the feudal era, and is used by the ruling class as a theoretical basis for propagating patriarchal feudal thought.

The Six Classics refer to the six Confucian classics, that is, in addition to the "Five Classics", the "Book of Music" is added. There are also those who call the "Six Classics" the "Six Arts", and the "Six Arts" in Han Yu's "Teacher Says" in the "Six Arts Classics" are all commonly learned, that is, the "Six Classics".

Thirteen classics] Thirteen Confucian classics. Since the beginning of the Han Dynasty, "Poems", "Books", "Rites", "Yi" and "Spring and Autumn" have been called the "Five Classics". In the Tang Dynasty, the "Three Rites" ("Zhou Li", "Rites", "Rites"), "Three Transmissions" ("Ram Biography", "Hub Liang Biography", "Zuo Chuan"), together with "Yi", "Shu" and "Poems" were called the "Nine Classics".

To the Tang Wenzong carved the stone scriptures, the "Book of Filial Piety", "Analects" and "Erya" were included in the scriptures, which were the "Twelve Classics". In the Song Dynasty, "Mencius" was promoted to a classic, so it is known as the "Thirteen Classics".

Zhou Yimao's poems. Weekly etiquette.

Rites and Rites University Chapters.

Moderate chapters. Analects of Filial Piety.

Erya Mencius. Shangshu Spring and Autumn Zuofu.

Spring and Autumn Ram Fu.

Spring and Autumn Valley Liang Fu.

During the period of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, "deposed a hundred schools of thought and respected Confucianism". The theory of the "Five Classics" appeared, namely "Editions of Poems", "Books", "Quan Li", "Yi", and "Spring and Autumn". After the Han Dynasty, the "Analects" and "Filial Piety" were added, and they were called the "Seven Classics".

In the Tang Dynasty, there were three "Rites" ("Zhou Li", "Rites", "Rites"), three "Biography" ("Zuo Chuan", "Ram Biography", "Gu Liang Biography"), together with "Poems", "Books" and "Yi", known as "Nine Biography". During the reign of Emperor Wenzong of the Tang Dynasty, in addition to the Nine Classics, the "Analects" and "Filial Piety Classics" that had been included in the "path" in the Han Dynasty were added, and the "Erya" was added to constitute the "Twelve Classics". During the Song Renshi, "Mencius" was added, forming the "Thirteen Classics" with a special status in feudal society.

The Thirteen Classics of Confucianism refer to the fact that the feudal rulers successively "legally" turned 13 Confucian books into "classics", forming the "Thirteen Classics" with a special status in feudal society. Today, the "Thirteen Classics" are still of great value as an ancient book that reflects the historical situation of the pre-Qin period. They are "Book of Songs", "Book of Songs", "Zhou Li", "Rites", "Book of Rites", "Zhou Yi", "Zuo Chuan", "Ram Chuan", "Gu Liang Biography", "Analects", "Erya", "Book of Filial Piety", and "Mencius".

The Confucian classics mainly include the Thirteen Classics of Confucianism. The canonization of Confucianism began with the Six Classics of Confucius. Confucius "ruled the "poems", "books", "rites", e68a84e8a2ad62616964757a686964616f31333330363230, "music", "Yi", "Spring and Autumn", "Six Classics" [, that is, "Book of Songs", "Shangshu", "Rites", "Music Classic", "Zhou Yi", "Spring and Autumn".

Among them, poetry, books, rituals and music are also known as the four ancient teachings. "The chronicle of the old book, the chronicle of political affairs; The poet and the middle voice stop also; The etiquette, the law is great, and the discipline of the class is also. Therefore, learning is a matter of courtesy.

The husband is the ultimate in morality. "The Book of Songs" teaches language and literature, "Shangshu" teaches political affairs, and "The Book of Rites" teaches patriarchal discipline and gentlemanly cultivation; "I Ching" and "Spring and Autumn" teach the wisdom of morality and right and wrong. "The gentleman knows that the incumbent cannot convince people with evil, so he is supported by the six arts.

Poems and books have their ambitions, "Rites" and "Music" are pure, and "Yi" and "Spring and Autumn" are clear. The six schools are all big, and each has its own strengths. "Poetry" Taoism, so it is long in quality.

Rites" system, so it is longer than the text. "Music" Yongde, so long in the wind. The book is a meritorious work, so it is good at things.

Yi is the world, so it is longer than the number. "Spring and Autumn" is right and wrong, so it is good at governing people. [Xunzi said: "Therefore, poetry, books, and the way of etiquette and music are the same."]

Poetry is its will, book is its thing, etiquette is its deeds, music is its harmony, and Spring and Autumn is its subtlety", that is, the "Book of Songs" teaches the will of the saint, the "Book of Songs" teaches the things of the saint, the "Rites" stipulates the behavior of the saint, the "Book of Music" is the words of the saint, and the "Spring and Autumn" is the saint. "Those who are gentle and gentle, the wind of "poetry" is also; Those who are pure and generous, the teaching of the "book" is also; Qingming Article attainer, the righteousness of "Yi"; Those who are frugal and respectful, courtesy; Those who are rich and simple will also be happy; Piercing a few debaters, "Spring and Autumn" is also beautiful. ”

"Book of Songs", "Book of Rites", "Book of Music", "Zhou Yi", "Spring and Autumn".

Four Books and Five Classics, the Mean, Universities and the like.