Who were the monks in the Song Dynasty? Who were the four great monks of ancient China?

Jigong (1148-1209), formerly known as Li Xiuyuan.

Southern Song Dynasty monk, Tiantai County, Zhejiang Province, Yongning Village, descendant respected as "Living Buddha Jigong", also known as the moon drainage light. He broke his hat, broke his fan, and torn his shoes, looked crazy, and became a monk in Guoqing Temple at first, and then went to Lingyin Temple in Hangzhou.

Residence, then live in the Jingci Temple, not bound by the precepts, fond of wine and meat, behaving like crazy, is a knowledgeable, good deeds and virtuous monks, is listed as the fiftieth ancestor of Zen Buddhism, the sixth ancestor of the Yang Qi School, wrote the "Engraved Peak Quotations".

10 volumes, and many poems, mainly included in the "Jingci Temple Chronicles".

Taishan Fanxiang". Jigong understands traditional Chinese medicine and has many incurable diseases for the people. He is so good at fighting, calming people's slander and saving people's lives. His virtues such as helping the needy, eliminating violence and peace, and promoting good and punishing evil have left a unique and beautiful impression in people's minds. <>

The top ten monks in ancient times: the first Dharma of learning scriptures, the master of translating scriptures Kumarosh, the true meaning of the unfortunate monks, the wise master Zhikai, the famous Chinese Xuanzang, the famous Tang monk Yijing, the Zen patriarch Hui Neng, the Dharma Tibet, measuring the earth, and crossing to the east six times to learn the truth.

The Four Great Monks of Modern Times:

Master Hongyi, commonly known as Li, Wentao, also known as Guanghou, the word Xishuang, also known as Xishuang, alias Shutong.

Master Taixu, commonly known as Lu, named Gansen, legal name Weixin, alias Beihua. Zhejiang Chongde (now merged into Tongxiang) people.

Master Yuan Ying, commonly known as Wu, his legal name is Hongwu, his name is Taoguang, and he is also known as the master of the Roar Hall, the master of the Sanqiu Hall, the Lingyuan Walker, and the Dirt Child. A native of Duanshang Village, Pinghu, Gutian County, Fujian.

Master Xuyun, commonly known as Xiao, was originally known as Gu Yan, the word Deqing, and was nicknamed Phantom You. Originally from Xiangxiang, Hunan, he was born in Quanzhou, Fujian because his father was an official in Fujian.

Void clouds, Yinguang, Laiguo, Guangqin. It is a rare and rare great virtue in modern times. Compared with the ancient great virtues, due to the relatively recent era, the writing, grammar, and social background are closer to the contemporary; Therefore, it is easier for today's scholars to understand.

The old monk Xuyun and the old monk Laiguo are the true enlightenment of modern Zen Buddhism;

The teachings of the elder Xu on "looking at the talk" and "participating in Zen" can be described as "seeing the sun through the clouds", and the words are scorching, plain and unsubtle; It has "operability" (the virtual old man has lived for 120 years, and the length of time is also strange).

The old monk Laiguo presided over the Gaomin Temple and rectified the rules of the jungle, which was the last manifestation of the old system of Zen Buddhism; Zen Seven teachings, after reading it, you will know what the real "Zen Seven" is; I was shocked! Among them, there are often insightful insights, and the "mother-in-law's heart" is revealed.

Master Yinguang is the master of the modern Pure Land Sect, and there is a "Yinguang Master Notes" in existence; It is recognized in the religious circles that the general trend is the return of the Bodhisattva; Master Yinguang also did a great thing: the "Lengyan Sutra (Great Trend to the Bodhisattva Reciting the Buddha Yuantong Chapter)" was included in the original "Four Pure Land Sutras", which became today's "Pure Land Five Classics".

The old monk of Guangqin is a modern true enlightenment, known as "Fuhu Monk"; There are almost no long speeches in the world, they are all "common words", but there are often opportunities in them.

The old monk Xuyun taught).

The old monk gave a lecture).

The old monk Guangqin taught).

To study Buddhism, we should look at the Buddhist scriptures and the teachings of the great masters, and don't look at some Buddhism learning materials that you don't know the source, because many mistakes or imperfections will damage your Dharma body and wisdom.

1. Master Lotus Yi (1599-1655), one of the four great monks of the Ming Dynasty. Zhixu, known as the West, alias Eight Bad Taoists. (Autobiography Zhongyun:

The ancients had Confucianism, Zen, law and teaching, but the Taoists did not dare; Nowadays, there are also Confucianism, Zen, discipline and teaching, and the Taoists disdain. Hence the name. The common surname is Zhong, the name is bright, also famous, and the word Zhenzhi.

The ancestor of Bianliang was a native of Bianliang, and later moved to Mudu Town, Wu County, Jiangsu. His mother, Jin, and his father, Qi Zhonggong, recited the mantra of great compassion for Bai Yi for ten years, and dreamed that Guanyin Bodhisattva sent a son and gave birth to Master Lotus Yi. It was May 3 in the twenty-seventh year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty (1599 AD).

Second, the lotus pond Honghong (1535 1615), the Ming Dynasty Hangzhou Renhe people, the common surname Shen, the name of the Hong, the word Buddha Hui, alias Lotus Pond, so often called the lotus pond master, and because often in the Yunqi Temple to live and known as the Yunqi monk, is the eighth generation of the Chinese Buddhism Pure Land Sect of the patriarch, and Zibai Zhenke, Hanshan Deqing, Lotus Yizhixu and known as the late Ming Dynasty four great monks, he advocated the Zen Pure Land Sect of both the theory of cultivation. In the forty-third year of Wanli (1615), Mingshenzong was ill, and his last words were: "The public honestly recites the Buddha, don't blame, don't break my rules."

After that, sit upright, face the west and chant the Buddha's death.

Three, Zibai Zhenke 1543 1603, Ming Dynasty Jiangsu, common surname Shen, legal name Daguan, after middle age changed his name to Zhenke, the number of Zibai old man, later generations called him Zibai Venerable, one of the four great monks in the late Ming Dynasty. After becoming a monk, when he saw the monk drinking and eating meat, he immediately reprimanded on the spot: "If the monk is like this, he can be killed!"

2] After receiving full ordination at the age of 20, he saw the Huayan Sutra and studied in retreat at Jingde Temple in Wutang for three years, after which he bid farewell to Mingjue and began his life of practicing foot cultivation and head cultivation.

4. Hanshan Deqing (1546-1623), one of the four great monks of the Ming Dynasty, was a native of Quanjiao (now Anhui Province). Preach three teachings and one principle, and advocate Zen and pure double cultivation. His Buddhist thought is deeply influenced by Lianchi Qihong, and Zibai can really be called a close friend, and the outstanding achievement is Zhongxing Caoxi.

His learning, the kindergarten teacher Confucius, the young teacher Lao Zhuang, and finally converted to Buddhism.

Lotus pond Qihong (1535 1615), the Ming Dynasty Hangzhou Renhe people, common surname Shen, name Qihong, the word Buddha Hui, alias Lotus Pond, so often called the Lotus Pond Master, and because often in the Yunqi Temple lived and called Yunqi monk, is the eighth generation of the Pure Land Patriarch of Chinese Buddhism, and Zibai Zhenke, Hanshan Deqing, Lotus Yizhixu and known as the four great monks of the Ming Dynasty, he advocated the theory of Zen Pure Land Sect and both cultivation.

Zibai Zhenke 1543 1603, Ming Dynasty Jiangsu, common surname Shen, legal name Daguan, after middle age changed his name to Zhenke, the number of Zibai old man, later generations called him Zibai Venerable, one of the four great monks of the Ming Dynasty.

Hanshan Deqing 1546 1623, common surname Cai, the word Chengyin, the name Hanshan, the name Hongjue Zen Master, the Ming Dynasty Anhui Quanjiao people, Linji Sect, revival of Zen Buddhism, and Zibai Zhenke is a close friend, is considered to be one of the four great monks in the late Ming Dynasty.

Lotus Yi Zhixu (1599-1655), commonly known as Zhong, the word Zhixu, the name Lotus Yi, also known as Xiyou, alias Babu Daoren [1]. A native of Mudu in Jiangsu Province, one of the four great monks of the Ming Dynasty, he is revered as the nine ancestors of the Pure Land Sect. In his later years, he lived in Lingfeng in Hang County, Zhejiang, so he was also honored as Master Lingfeng Lotus Yi.

Lotus pond Qihong, Zibai Zhenke, Hanshan Deqing, Lotus Root Zhixu.

1. The monks of the Ming Dynasty refer to Yunqi Qihong, Zibai Zhenke, Hanshan Deqing, and Lotus Yizhixu;

2. Lotus Pond Qihong: Hangzhou Renhe in the Ming Dynasty, common surname Shen, name Qihong, word Buddha Hui, alias Lotus Pond, so often called Lotus Pond Master, and because often in Yunqi Temple lived and was called Yunqi Monk, is the eighth generation of Chinese Buddhist pure stool nuclear Tuzong;

3, Zibai Zhenke: Ming Dynasty Jiangsu people, common surname Shen, Fa Zao Ming Daguan, after middle age changed his name to Zhenke, called Zibai old man, later generations called him Zibai Venerable, one of the four great monks of the Ming Dynasty;

4, Hanshan Deqing: the common surname Cai, the word Chengyin, the name Hanshan, the name Hongjue Zen Master, the Ming Dynasty Anhui Quanjiao people, Linji Sect, revival of Zen Buddhism, and Zibai Zhenke is a close friend, is considered to be one of the four great monks in the late Ming Dynasty;

5, Lotus Zhizhi: Vulgar surname Zhong, the word Zhixu, the name Lotus Yi, also known as the West You, alias Babu Daoren, Jiangsu Province Mudu people, one of the four great monks of the Ming Dynasty, was respected as the nine ancestors of the Pure Land Sect, lived in Lingfeng in Hangzhou County, Zhejiang Province in his later years, so he was also respected as the Lingfeng Lotus Master.

There are many famous monks and great virtues in the empty talk letter of the Ming Dynasty, and the ignorant people generalize to the whole thing, and the strange emperors and political corruption in the middle and late Ming Dynasty, as well as the rebellion of Li Chuang and Zhang Kill and the cruelty of the eunuchs of Wei and Liu, replace the splendor in other fields, not to mention anything else, only take Buddhism as an example, its cultural development level has been at a high peak in the Ming Dynasty with the continuous emergence of representative figures.

If you take the four famous monks Hanshan, Zibai, Lotus Pond and Lotus Yi, not to mention these four, Master Lotus Yi is the apprentice of Master Hanshan's apprentice, and the key figure who connects the previous and the next is another high monk, whose legal name is Xueling.

Two senior brothers, Mingwei and Xianwen, who are colleagues of Hongyi Le Academy, are of the same heart as me, and they like to read Master Rongyi's books on weekdays. I often see in their daily interpretations of the Analects in the commentaries of this great barberry who traveled all over the world, penetrated the eight sects, and integrated Buddhism, Confucianism and Taoism.

Today in a booklet of Buddhism, I read another Zen poem of one of the four great monks, just a few sentences, very teachable, I can't help but share it, engraved in the ** I took before class this morning, there is a sense of luxury, but also the joy of joy.

Master Zibai Zhenke Zen poetry said:

Water is in a kettle, and it can't be heated without fire;

Planted in the soil, it cannot be born in spring;

Foolishness is in the heart, and you can't break it if you don't learn! ”

It's spring, the water is in front of you, planted in the heart, learn to break the foolishness, fast, fast!

Shida Tietuo kowtowed on the 11th day of July in the year of Xidoulun Ao Xin.