What are quaternary ammonium compounds, what are quaternary ammonium salts What is the role of quate

Quaternaryammonium salt (quaternaryammoniumsalt) is a class of nitrogenous organic compounds that conform to the general formula (r 4n) x - r for four identical or different hydrocarbon groups, x for halogen atoms or acid groups). White solid. It has the properties of inorganic salts, is soluble in water, and conducts electricity in aqueous solutions.

It is usually obtained by the reaction of tertiary amines and halogenated hydrocarbons. Tetramethylammonium chloride (CH3) 4NCL is the simplest representative. Choline chloride [(CH3)3NCH 2CH2OH]CL, which belongs to the vitamin B group, also belongs to it.

It is used as a catalyst in the reaction of surfactant, disinfectant and phase transfer catalyst. <

Quaternaryammoniumhydroxide is a class of nitrogenous organic compounds that conform to the general formula [R 4N]oh-R representing four identical or different hydrocarbon groups. Prepared from * quaternary ammonium salt treated with silver hydroxide: [R 4N] X - Agoh to [R 4N] Oh - AGX, the alkaline strength of this class of compounds is similar to that of potassium hydroxide or sodium hydrogen disguise, and it is still converted into quaternary ammonium salt when acid.

Tetramethylammonium hydroxide [(CH3)4N]OH - is the simplest representative; Choline [Hoch 2CH2N (CH3

Quaternary ammonium. Taken from the Chinese Food Encyclopedia.

Chinese]: Quaternary ammonium.

English]: quaternary ammonium base; quaternary ammonium hydrate

Description]: A class of nitrogenous organic compounds that can be expressed by the general formula (R4N)+OH- (R stands for four identical or different hydrocarbon groups). The molecular structure is similar to that of ammonium hydroxide, which can be regarded as a derivative of the substitution of hydrogen by hydrocarbon groups in NH+4.

It is prepared by the reaction of quaternary ammonium salt and silver hydroxide. The strength of alkaline is similar to that of caustic alkali. The simplest is tetramethylamine hydroxide (CH3) 4NOH.

Choline, which belongs to the vitamin B group, is also a quaternary ammonium. From.

It is a quaternary ammonium compound.

There are four identical or different aliphatic or aromatic groups with a molecular structure similar to ammonium hydroxide, which can be regarded as derivatives obtained by the substitution of hydrogen in NH4+ in the latter.

<> tetramethylammonium hydroxide, tetramethylammonium hydroxide.

Wait. Quaternary ammonium: a general formula is"r4noh"of compounds, in the formula"r" are four identical or not identical aliphatic or aromatic groups.

The molecular structure is similar to that of ammonium hydroxide, which can be seen as the latter "NH4 ion.""Medium hydrogen is substituted to obtain a bright derivative, which is strongly alkaline, easily deliquescent, and easily soluble in water and ionized. The simplest quaternary ammonium base, tetramethylammonium hydroxide, decomposes into trimethylamine and methanol when heated. If the hydrocarbon group of the "beta.""When there are hydrogen atoms on carbon, it is heated and decomposed into tertiary amines and olefins.

Quaternary ammonium salts are usually used.

After reacting with moist silver oxide, the silver halide was filtered out, and the filtrate was distilled under reduced pressure to obtain the trapped quaternary ammonium base crystals.

What are the properties of quaternary ammonium structure:

Quaternary ammonium salts are similar in nature to inorganic salts, soluble in water, and aqueous solutions can conduct electricity. It is mainly prepared by the reaction of ammonia or amine with alkyl halides, and some quaternary ammonium salts can be used as phase transfer catalysts in drugs, pesticides and chemical reactions.

Quaternary ammonium salt, also known as quaternary ammonium salt, English name quaternary-n. The four hydrogen atoms in the ammonium ion are all replaced by hydrocarbon groups to form a compound.

The general formula R4N+X-, in which the four hydrocarbon groups R can be the same or different, X is mostly halogen anion (F-, Cl-, Br-, I-), or acid (HSO-4, RCOO-, etc.), the quaternary ammonium salt is similar to the inorganic ammonium salt, roughly soluble in water, and the aqueous solution conducts electricity.

Quaternary ammonium salts are a large class of cationic surfactants. It has strong bactericidal and anti-moth-proof properties. Dodecyldimethylbenzylammonium chloride can be used as a leveling agent for acrylic.

The two alkyl groups in the quaternary ammonium molecule are long-chain alkyl products, which have a good softening effect on various fibers, can make the fibers swell and soft, beautiful and smooth in appearance, rich in good feel, and is a commonly used fiber softener.

Bisoctadecyldimethylammonium bromide is not only a fungicide, but also has a significant softening effect on cotton, wool and synthetic fiber fabrics. Octadecyldimethylhydroxyethylammonium nitrate is an excellent antistatic agent. Quaternary ammonium salt can also be used as a waterproofing agent, a retardant, a petroleum demulsifier, etc.

Using fatty acids as raw materials, fatty nitrile is prepared by ammoniation, and then hydrogenated into aliphatic amines, and then the primary amines are reacted with bromide alkanes to obtain quaternary ammonium salts. Tertiary amines can also be used as raw materials, which can be directly condensed with bromoalkanes at atmospheric pressure to form quaternary ammonium salts.

1. Quaternary ammonium salt.

are four hydrogen atoms in ammonium ions.

The compound formed by the substitution of hydrocarbon groups is a cationic surfactant with good bactericidal properties, and its bactericidal effective part is a cationic group formed by the combination of organic roots and nitrogen atoms.

2. Since that period in 1935, the Germans discovered the bactericidal effect of ammonium alkyl dimethyl gasification and used it to treat military uniforms to prevent wound infection. The research on quaternary ammonium salt antibacterial materials has always been the focus of researchers on macrojubes. The antibacterial materials prepared with quaternary ammonium salts have good antibacterial properties and can be widely used in many aspects such as medical treatment, water treatment, and food.

3. The role of quaternary ammonium salts: including: agricultural fungicides, sterilization and disinfection in public places, circulating water sterilization and algaecide, aquaculture sterilization and disinfection source agents, medical sterilization disinfectants, livestock and poultry house disinfectants, and red tide.

Pesticides, cyanobacteria.

Sterilization and disinfection fields such as cides. In particular, Gemini quaternary ammonium salt has outstanding effect on killing skin and extinct bacteria, and the comprehensive cost is low.

Answer]: c Berberine alkaloids are mostly quaternary ammonium, such as berberine in Coptis chinensis, Phellodendron chinensis, and three needles.

Quaternary ammonium salt mixtures in cosmetics include: quaternary amine triacetate, quaternary amine tetraacetate, quaternary amine melamine salt, quaternary amine triethanolamine salt, quaternary amine dimethicone salt, quaternary amine phosphate, quaternary apatite salt, quaternary amine laurate, quaternary amine diphenylcarbamate, quaternary amine triphenylcarbamate, quaternary amine benzoate, quaternary amine siloxane salt, quaternary amine sodium chloride, quaternary amine triethanolamine salt, quaternary amine borate, quaternary amine sulfate, quaternary amine silicate number salt, Quaternary amine sodium carbonate, quaternary amine sodium borate, quaternary amine sodium sulfate, quaternary amine trithiophosphate, quaternary ammonium sulfate, etc. These quaternary ammonium mixtures have good antibacterial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, moisturizing, anti-aging and other effects, which can effectively improve the quality of the product, enhance the antioxidant capacity, reduce the roughness and oiliness, and make the product more compact and elastic.

Function: including: agricultural fungicide, public place sterilization and disinfection, circulating water sterilization and algaecide, aquaculture sterilization and disinfectant, medical sterilization disinfectant, livestock and poultry house disinfectant, red tide disinfectant, cyanobacteria and other sterilization and disinfection fields. In particular, Gemini quaternary ammonium salt has outstanding sterilization effect and low comprehensive cost.

Soft, antistatic agent.

Mainly used in the textile printing and dyeing industry, this kind of softener has excellent softness, antistatic, bactericidal and anti-yellowing properties. The dosage is small, the effect is good, the preparation is convenient, the compatibility is good, and it has a very high cost performance.

Flocculants, demulsifiers.

Widely used in the water treatment industry, as an inorganic flocculant synergist with quaternary ammonium salt.

Drilling fluids, VES fracturing fluids, drag reducers, thickeners.

GEMIN viscoelastic surfactants are mainly used in the petrochemical industry and are a new research and development trend.

Anionic synergist.

The hyperbranched gemmitch quaternary ammonium salt breaks the traditional theory that anions cannot be combined with cations. This kind of product can not only be missolved with anions, but also has a synergistic effect, and is widely used as anionic synergists. 3. Prospects for the development of quaternary ammonium products.

Quaternary ammonium salt products have been developing in the direction of green environmental protection, easy biodegradation, APEO, formaldehyde and other hazards to the natural environment and human health. With the increase of public awareness and the requirements of environmental protection quality, such products continue to meet the needs of social development. It is the inevitable direction of the development of the surfactant industry in the future.