Conditions that affect chemical equilibrium, factors that affect chemical equilibrium

Le Châteaure's principle. If you change one of the conditions that affect the equilibrium (e.g., concentration, pressure, temperature, etc.), the equilibrium moves in a direction that can attenuate the change. To put it simply, you asked me to do this, I didn't like it, I had to go against you.

But my arms can't twist my thighs, I can only slow down your movements, and the mainstream will not change. It's like if you punch me, I can't dodge it, but I reach out to resist and reduce the damage, but I still get hit. It can be compared to Lenz's law, and the principle is the same.

When applied to the chemical equilibrium, the concentration of reactants increases, and I am not happy, so I have to let you have less, so I react, so that the reactants decrease, that is, move in the direction of the positive reaction; You're getting more pressure, I'm going to make you smaller, how can you get smaller? In a container of a certain volume, the smaller the volume (the temperature does not change), the lower the pressure, so I have to move in the direction where the volume of the gas becomes smaller. Specifically, the chemical equation of the trim "=" is to add the coefficients in front of each gaseous substance on both sides, and the smaller sum is the direction in which the gas volume decreases.

The coefficients in front of liquids and solids are not counted and can also be replaced with 0; Your temperature has increased, and I have to find a way to cool you down, how can it be cool? Decalescence. I suck all the heat away, then the temperature will naturally drop, which is moving in the direction of the endothermic reaction.

In fact, both forward and reverse reactions are happening at the same time, and "moving in the direction of positive reaction" actually means that the reaction in the direction of the positive reaction occurs more, which does not mean that the reaction in the opposite direction is not happening, and any reaction has an equilibrium state.

It is the reaction that is moving, and the manifestation is that the quantity of matter is moving.

For example, a+b==reversible==c+d

If the amount of a substance is less, it is said that the reaction has moved in the positive direction.

Another example is c+d==reversible==a+b

If the amount of substance in a is less, it is said that the reaction has moved in the opposite direction.

Affects chemical balance.

The factors are as follows:

1. Concentration. 2. Pressure.

3. Temperature. <>

Chemical equilibrium is for reversible reactions.

In other words, a reversible reaction is a chemical reaction that can be carried out in both the positive and reverse directions under the same reaction conditions.

Chemical equilibrium refers to the rate at which a reversible reaction is carried out to a certain extent under certain conditions.

The rate of the reaction is equal to that of the counter-reaction, the concentration of reactants and products does not change, and the reaction reaches a chemical equilibrium state.

Chemical equilibrium is a dynamic equilibrium, in which the chemical reaction is still carried out, but the composition of the differential reaction mixture is consistent; When the reaction conditions change, the original chemical equilibrium state is destroyed, and a new equilibrium will be reached after a period of time.

External factors that affect chemical equilibrium are: concentration, pressure, temperature, etc.

1. Concentration influence.

When other conditions remain unchanged, increasing the concentration of reactants or decreasing the concentration of products is conducive to the positive reaction, and the equilibrium moves to the right. Increasing the concentration of the product or decreasing the concentration of the reactant is conducive to the equilibrium shift of the reverse reaction to the left.

A change in the concentration of a single substance simply changes the reaction rate of one of the reactions in the forward or reverse reaction, resulting in an unequal rate of the forward and reverse reactions, resulting in a disruption of the equilibrium.

2. Pressure influence.

For reversible reactions with unequal molecular numbers of gas reactants and gas products, when other conditions remain constant, the total pressure increases, and the equilibrium shifts in the direction of decreasing the number of gas molecules, that is, reducing the volume of gas. The total pressure decreases, and the equilibrium shifts in the direction of an increase in the number of gas molecules, i.e., an increase in the volume of the gas.

3. Temperature influence.

When other conditions remain unchanged, increasing the reaction temperature is conducive to endothermic reaction, and the equilibrium moves to the direction of endothermic reaction. Reducing the reaction temperature is conducive to the exothermic reaction, and the equilibrium moves in the direction of the exothermic reaction.

Introduction to Chemical Equilibrium:

Chemical equilibrium refers to the state in which the positive and negative reaction rates of chemical reactions are equal and the concentrations of reactants and products do not change in the reversible reactions under macroscopic conditions. It can be judged by δRGM= 0, A is the chemical potential of species A in the reaction. According to Le Chatre's principle, if a system that has reached equilibrium is changed, the system will change accordingly to counteract the change.

Equilibrium movement: Under the condition of chemical reaction, due to the change of reaction conditions, the reversible reaction is changed from one equilibrium state to another equilibrium state, which is called the movement of chemical equilibrium.

The fundamental reason for the shift in chemical equilibrium is that the rates of the forward and reverse reactions are not equal, and the result of the shift in equilibrium is that the reversible reactions reach a new equilibrium state, at which point the rate of the positive and reverse reactions is re-equaled (which may or may not be equal to the original rate).

Concentration: Increasing the concentration of reactants or decreasing the concentration of products can make the equilibrium move in the direction of the positive reaction when other conditions remain unchanged; Increasing the concentration of the product or decreasing the concentration of reactants can shift the equilibrium in the direction of the opposite reaction.

Temperature: All other things being equal, the increase in temperature will shift the chemical equilibrium in the direction of the endothermic reaction; A decrease in temperature shifts the chemical equilibrium in the direction of exothermy.

Pressure: Under the same conditions, increasing the pressure will cause the balance of Huasen pants to move towards the direction of Fang Shuchun grip where the volume of gas is reduced; Decreasing the pressure will cause the chemical equilibrium to move in the direction of increasing the volume of the gas.

Leschat's principle: If you change one of the conditions that affect the equilibrium (e.g., concentration, temperature, or pressure, etc.), the equilibrium moves in a direction that can attenuate the change.

Chemical equilibrium refers to the fact that the ratio of the concentration of reactants to products is constant during a reaction. When a chemical reaction is in equilibrium, the positive reaction direction and the reaction direction of the reaction rate are equal.

The chemical equilibrium is affected by a variety of factors, including reaction conditions. Reaction conditions include reaction temperature, pressure, pH, etc. These factors affect the rate of chemical reactions and thus the stability of the chemical equilibrium.

For example, increasing the temperature of the reaction source increases at the same time as the reaction rate increases, which causes the chemical equilibrium to shift in the direction of the product of the reaction, resulting in a decrease in the concentration of reactants and an increase in the concentration of the product. Conversely, decreasing the reaction temperature will reduce the rate of the ridge reaction, causing the chemical equilibrium to move in the direction of the reactants of the reaction, resulting in an increase in the concentration of reactants and a decrease in the concentration of products.

In addition, changing the pressure can also affect the chemical equilibrium. For example, increasing the pressure causes the chemical equilibrium to shift in the direction of the reactants of the reaction, causing the concentration of reactants to increase and the concentration of products to decrease. Conversely, decreasing the pressure shifts the chemical equilibrium in the direction of the product of the reaction, resulting in a decrease in the concentration of reactants and an increase in the concentration of the product.

The pH value also affects the chemical balance.

For example, when the pH value changes, the balance of the acid-base reaction is affected. If the pH value increases, it means that the concentration of H+ in the water decreases and the concentration of OH- increases, which causes the acid-base reaction to move in the direction of the product of the base, making the acid concentration decrease and the base concentration increase. Conversely, if the pH value decreases, it means that the concentration of H+ in the water increases and the concentration of OH- decreases, which causes the acid-base reaction to move in the direction of the acid product, so that the acid concentration increases and the base concentration decreases.

In general, by changing the reaction conditions, we can affect the stability of the chemical equilibrium, so that the ratio of the concentration of reactants to products changes, so that we can achieve our desired purpose.

Question 1: What are the influencing factors of chemical equilibrium? Temperature, pressure, and reactant and product concentrations.

Problem 2: Factors affecting chemical equilibrium are generally temperature, pressure and concentration, but of course electric and magnetic fields will also be affected.

Question 3: What are the influencing factors of chemical equilibrium? Temperature, pressure, and reactant and product concentrations.

Question 4: What are the factors that affect the chemical equilibrium, and how do they affect concentration, pressure, and temperature?

According to Le Chatley's principle: if the conditions of a reversible reaction (e.g., concentration, pressure, temperature, etc.) are changed, the chemical equilibrium is disrupted and moves in the direction of weakening this change.

If the temperature is raised, the chemical equilibrium proceeds in the direction of the exothermic reaction. If the temperature is lowered, the chemical equilibrium proceeds in the direction of the endothermic reaction.

In the same way, increase the pressure in the direction of volume reduction, and decrease the pressure in the direction of volume increase.

Question 5: Factors affecting chemical equilibrium are generally temperature, pressure and concentration, of course, electric field and magnetic field will also be affected.