What is the structure of the courtyard house of the common people

The size of the courtyard houses is different, and the size varies greatly. But no matter how big or small, it is made up of basic units.

A courtyard is consolidated by the houses on all sides, which is the basic unit of the quadrangle, which is called a quadrangle, two courtyards are two courtyards, three courtyards are three courtyards, and so on.

Beijing's large courtyard houses (such as the palace) can be as many as seven and nine courtyards, in addition to the main courtyard on the middle road, there are east and west courtyards on both sides, which can be described as"Deep house compound"。

Due to the influence of sunshine, the house on all sides is best to face south in the north, therefore, the courtyard is the main house with the north room, followed by the east and west sides, and the wing room, and the south room opposite the north room is called the inverted seat room. The last row of main houses in a medium-sized or large courtyard house is the back cover room.

The rear cover house is sometimes built into a two-story building, which is called the back cover building.

The courtyard houses above the two courtyards are generally divided into inner houses and outer houses, which are connected and communicated by two doors - the hanging flower door or the screen door.

Between the main house and the wing room of the quadrangle, it is generally connected and communicated by the hand-copying verandah.

The verandah is an open annex building, which can be used for people to walk, and for people to rest and sit and enjoy the scenery in the courtyard.

The architectural color of the courtyard mostly adopts the color of the material itself, the blue bricks and gray tiles, the jade step Danying, the wall grinding bricks to the joints, the craftsmanship is exquisite, although it is a work of muddy water, it is like a good craft.

I'm the first to say thank you.

Four beams and eight pillars of Beijing, earthquake-proof; The main house, the wing room, the south room, the gatehouse. Shadow wall, porch, courtyard.

1. How big is the courtyard houseThe courtyard is a traditional residential building in China.

It is a courtyard with houses built on all sides, usually composed of the main house (north room), the east and west wings and the south room, which are closed on all sides and square, so it is called "courtyard house".

The courtyard house where ordinary people live usually has only one entry, it is a single house, with 5 main houses, 3 east and west wings, 4 south rooms, plus the gate hole, the hanging flower door.

There are 17 rooms in total. The houses on all four sides are independent.

The courtyard in the middle is open and stretchedThe living life of the family is in this space of about 200 square meters.

Strictly speaking,The courtyard of the three-entry courtyard is the most complete courtyardThe first entrance is the gatehouse, the second is the main house, the wing room and the hall, and the third entrance is the private room or boudoir. In the whole courtyard, the elders live in the main house, the eldest son lives in the east wing, the second son lives in the west wing, and the daughter lives in the backyard, which does not affect each other.

This kind of steady and ironing arrangement contains the traditional Chinese culture of respecting the elders and respecting the elders and the outside of men and women.

Although the combination of these large-scale courtyard houses is more complex, their shape still conforms to the general style of the courtyard.

2. Characteristics of the Courtyard Courtyard Beijing Courtyard and Beijing City.

The history is as long as the Yuan Dynasty was built, and the courtyard houses and the palaces, government offices, blocks, alleys and alleys of the capital rose at the same time. The courtyard houses are all brick and wood structures, the walls are made of bricks, and the purlins, columns, girders, sills, rafters, doors and windows are all made of wood.

It has a unified style, sitting in the north and facing south, mostly single-storey houses, each house is completely independent, connected by a corridor, the courtyard is close to the square, and the courtyard door is mostly open in the southeast corner. For hundreds of years, Beijing's courtyard houses have largely adhered to this pattern.

The courtyard house is one household and one house.

The floor plan can be large or small. According to the size of the population and financial resources of the house owner's family, the small courtyard can have one entry, which is in the shape of "mouth"; It can be two or three in the shape of the word "day" and the word "eye"; It is also possible to build quadrangles with cross-courtyards, presenting more complex combinations.

Covering an acre of land, below this living is very cramped, losing the sense of space, it is not as good as a modern house, north and south 30, east and west 22, this can only be a courtyard, barely can take two above-ground garages.

The area is very large, and there will be dozens of households in it, the area is equivalent to the area of a community, so the area of the courtyard is very large.

It is about 500 square meters to 1,000 square meters to be regarded as a real courtyard house, and such a courtyard house can be called a traditional courtyard house.

The area of the traditional courtyard is very large, and there are houses on all sides, and the open space in the middle courtyard is also very large, covering an area of up to 100 square meters.

There will be about six or seven hundred square meters, but it is also based on personal habits, and the current value of Beijing courtyard houses has reached tens of millions.

1. The scale is different.

1) Although there are certain regulations in Beijing courtyards, the scale is different, and they can be divided into three main types, namely, large quadrangle, medium quadrangle and small quadrangle. The big quadrangle can also be called the "mansion gate", which is generally a duplex quadrangle, that is to say, the quadrangle is composed of a plurality of quadrangle courtyards connected in depth, and there are more courtyards, such as the front yard, the back yard, the east courtyard, the west courtyard, etc., covering a large area, mainly for the government and the mansion. The middle courtyard mainly includes five north rooms, three main and two ears, and three wing rooms in the east and west; In addition, the courtyard wall is divided into a front yard and a back yard.

After the above introduction, it is not difficult to understand that the small quadrangle generally includes three north rooms, two wing rooms in the east and west, and three south rooms. The middle and small squares are generally chosen by ordinary residents.

2) This can also be said to be the most typical characteristic of Beijing courtyard houses. Except for a few houses, the layout of the courtyard houses in Beijing is very square, and all the buildings are oriented to the south, north, west and east, which is very different from the flexible and changeable houses in the southern area.

2. The materials are simple.

1) The design and construction of the Beijing courtyard is relatively easy, the materials used are very simple, do not use steel and cement, blue bricks and gray tiles, bricks and wood combinations, mixed buildings, of course, with wood as the main standard structure, light weight, in case of **, no matter how big the magnitude of the earthquake is not afraid, indicating that the courtyard can be earthquake-proof. The overall color of the building is gray and blue, giving people the impression of being very simple and very comfortable.

3. Follow Feng Shui.

1) The surrounding area mainly in Beijing is surrounded by courtyard houses, symmetrical with the central axis, and the gate is open in the southeast direction of the south direction, and the gate is not opposite to the main house, that is to say, the gate is opened in the southeast of the courtyard. This is according to the direction of the gossip, the main house sits in the north for the Kan house, such as the Kan house, must open the Xun door, the "Xun" is the southeast direction, in the southeast direction to open the door inexhaustible financial resources, money is smooth, so to do the "Kan Zhai Xunmen" as well.

2) Therefore, the gate of the Beijing Courtyard House opens in the southeast direction. This is based on the doctrine of Feng Shui, which is only practiced around Beijing, not elsewhere.

4. Good privacy.

1) The courtyard of the Beijing courtyard is spacious, and the houses on all sides are independently distributed, although they are connected by verandahs, they do not interfere with each other. The exterior wall of the Beijing courtyard house rarely opens windows, only opens the door in the southeast corner, and when the door is closed, it is a world of its own, and the family is happy and has very good privacy.

5. There is more greening and less water features.

1) Regardless of the size of the courtyard in Beijing, the owner will plant flowers and trees in the courtyard, mostly begonias, magnolias, pomegranates, peonies, and never plant pines and cypresses, mulberry trees, pear trees, etc. In addition, unlike the southern courtyard, there are fewer water features in the courtyard of Beijing, and more fish tanks are placed in the courtyard, which can also play a role in regulating the air in addition to being used for ornamentation.

The biggest feature of the courtyard house is that the back wall of the house and the left and right gables are made of blue bricks.

or adobe masonry, and the front is all wooden. The wings on both sides of the courtyard are large wooden windows with a square checkerboard, and this window occupies almost three-fifths of the wall of a house. It's called"Windows are larger than doors"。

The courtyard in the courtyard house is closed and open-air on all sides, which can create a good internal microclimate and reduce the influence of undesirable external climate. In summer, it can effectively shade and enjoy the coolness, and in winter, it can be well lit, warm and resistant to wind and sand. The open-air and transparent courtyard is also an air outlet even if it is an air inlet, and it is smoothly ventilated through natural wind pressure to ensure healthy and fresh air quality.

In addition, the courtyard is good for drainage and rainwater collection.

The courtyard house is an inner courtyard house formed by the houses on the east, west, south and north sides The typical characteristics of the courtyard house are the regular appearance, the symmetrical center line, and the use is extremely flexible.

The courtyard is closed and open-air on all sides, which can create a good interior.

microclimate, which in turn reduces the impact of undesirable external climates.

The best thing is that in summer, you can not only provide shade and shade, but also have good sunlight in winter, keep warm, and resist wind and sand. In the courtyard, the air inlet is also the air outlet. Smooth ventilation is achieved through the back and forth conversion of air pressure, thus ensuring healthy and fresh air quality.

This is really the biggest feature of the courtyard.

1. The courtyard house is an inner courtyard house formed by the houses on the east, west, south and north sides. The north room in the courtyard is the main house, built on a brick and stone pedestal. There are east and west wings on both sides of the courtyard, which is where the younger generations live.

There is a corridor between the main house and the wing room for people to walk and rest. <

1. The courtyard house is an inner courtyard house formed by the houses on the east, west, south and north sides. The north room in the courtyard is the main house, built on a brick and stone pedestal. There are east and west wings on both sides of the courtyard, which is where the younger generations live.

There is a corridor between the main house and the wing room for people to walk and rest.

2. The gate is divided into Guangliang gate, golden pillar gate, barbarian gate, Ruyi gate and so on. With the central axis as the symmetry, the door is open in the southeast direction of the south direction, not opposite to the main house, the main house sits in the north for the Kan house, such as the Kan house must open the Xun door, the Xun is the southeast direction, and the door is inexhaustible in the southeast direction.

3. The scale can be divided into three types: large quadrangle, medium quadrangle, and small quadrangle. The large quadrangle is a duplex quadrangle, which is composed of multiple quadrangle courtyards connected in depth and covers a large area.

The middle courtyard includes five north rooms, three main and two ears, three wing rooms in the east and west, and is also separated by the courtyard wall as the front yard and the back yard. The small quadruple consists of three rooms in the north, two wings in the east and west, and three rooms in the south.

4. It has a long history, since the Yuan Dynasty officially built the capital of Beijing, and when the capital was planned and built on a large scale, the courtyard houses and Beijing's palaces, government offices, blocks, alleys and alleys appeared at the same time. According to Xiong Mengxiang's "Analysis of Jinzhi" at the end of the Yuan Dynasty, the Dadu street system is called the meridian from the south to the north, and the latitude is called from the east to the west.

The street is twenty-four steps wide, three hundred and eighty-four long lanes, and twenty-nine lanes pass.

Is the Courtyard Bureau Cong Jian the same as the rural chief?

It's not the same. The courtyard is a kind of traditional Chinese courtyard architecture, its pattern is a courtyard with houses on all sides, usually composed of the main house, the east and west wings and the inverted seat house, and the courtyard is enclosed in the middle from all sides, so it is called the four Zheng Cha courtyard. Search for entries.

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Quadrangle. Traditional Chinese architecture.

This entry is a polysemous term, with a total of 9 meanings.

Courtyard house, also known as courtyard house, is a traditional courtyard style building in China, its pattern is a courtyard with houses on all sides, and the courtyard is enclosed in the middle from all sides, so it is called courtyard house.

The quadrangle is the house in front of the triple courtyard and the gatehouse is added to close it. If it is in the shape of a "mouth", it is called a courtyard; The "day" shaped one is called the Erjin courtyard; The "目" shaped one is called the three-entry courtyard. [1] Generally speaking, in the courtyard of the mansion, the first entrance is the gatehouse, the second entrance is the hall, and the third or rear entrance is the private room or boudoir, which is the activity space of women or dependents, and ordinary people are not allowed to enter at will

The courtyard is a little deeper". The deeper the courtyard, the less you can peep into it.

Courtyard houses have a history of at least 3,000 years and are of many types throughout China, with the Beijing courtyard house being a typical example. Courtyard houses are usually inhabited by large families, with good characteristics of warm in winter and cool in summer, which can form a private living environment, and its architecture and pattern reflect the traditional Chinese idea of respect and inferiority hierarchy and the theory of yin and yang and the five elements. [11]

In modern times, with the change of family structure and social concepts, the livability of traditional courtyard houses has been challenged. In the process of urban planning, traditional courtyard houses also face the contradiction of protection and development, some of which are listed as cultural relics protection units, while others are also demolished.