What are the hazards of confined space and what is the definition of confined space

Confined space. It is narrow, poorly ventilated, and not conducive to gas diffusion.

Lighting and communication in confined spaces are not smooth, giving normal operation and emergency rescue. Bring difficulties.

It is dangerous, and once an accident occurs, it often causes serious consequences.

It is easy to expand due to blind rescue.

Danger is not easy to detect.

Confined space refers to the tunnels inside various equipment of a factory (furnaces, towers, tanks, silos, pools, tankers, pipelines, flues, etc.) and in cities (including factories)., sewers, ditches, pits, wells, pools, culverts, valve rooms, sewage treatment facilities and other closed and semi-closed facilities and places (cabins, underground concealed works, closed containers, long-term unused facilities or poorly ventilated places, etc.), as well as wells and cellars for storing sweet potatoes, potatoes and various vegetables in rural areas. Poorly ventilated mines should also be treated as confined spaces.

Hazard characteristics(any one or more).

a) Presence or potential production of toxic and harmful gases;

b) materials that are present or likely to produce burial entrants;

c) internal structures that may trap the entrant (e.g., with fixtures or walls tilted inward);

d) There are identified health and safety risks.

Summary. 5. The unfamiliarity of workers with the concept of limited space leads to death, which also becomes one of the potential risk factors of limited space.

6. The lack of relevant knowledge of guardianship and rescue personnel often causes accidents when one person works in a limited space and a fatal accident occurs when multiple rescuers are rescued, which is also one of the potential risk factors in a limited space.

7. The lack of suitable rescue equipment will lead to the death of the corresponding operator, so the lack of suitable rescue equipment is also one of the risk factors of limited space.

8. Other risk factors: any other environmental conditions that threaten life or health. Such as falling, drowning, object strikes, electric shocks, etc.

What are the hazards of confined spaces?

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1. Poisoning hazard hail: It is easy to accumulate high concentration of harmful substances in limited space. Hazardous substances can be existing in a confined space or accumulate gradually during work.

2. Hypoxia hazard: too low oxygen concentration in the air will cause hypoxia. 3. Explosion hazards:

There are flammable and explosive substances in the air, and if the concentration is too high, it will cause ** or combustion. 4. Complex internal structure: For some limited spaces, the complexity of the internal structure will bring complexity to the construction and improve the construction difficulty of the construction personnel, which is also one of the risk factors of the limited space.

5. The unfamiliarity of workers with the concept of limited space leads to death, which also becomes one of the potential risk factors of limited space. 6. The lack of relevant knowledge of guardians and rescuers often envy the accident of one person working in the limited space and the death of multiple rescuers during the rescue, which is also one of the potential risk factors in the limited space. 7. The lack of holes suitable for rescue equipment will lead to the death of the corresponding operator, so the lack of suitable rescue equipment is also one of the risk factors for limited space.

8. Other risk factors: any other environmental conditions that threaten life or health. Such as falling, drowning, object strikes, electric shocks, etc.

The concept of confined spaceConfined space refers to the inside of various equipment of the production unit (towers, kettles, tanks, tanks, furnaces, boils, pipes, containers, etc.) and sewers, ditches, pits, wells, pools, culverts, valve rooms, sewage treatment facilities and other closed and semi-sealed facilities and places. In other words, all equipment, facilities and places with poor ventilation and easy to cause the accumulation of toxic and harmful gases and lack of oxygen are called confined spaces (spaces where operations are restricted), and operations in confined spaces are called confined space operations. Some confined spaces may produce or exist hydrogen sulfide, carbon monoxide, methane (biogas, gas) and other toxic and harmful, flammable and explosive gases and the risk of hypoxia, in which the operation if the preventive measures are not in place, there is a possibility of poisoning, suffocation, fire, ** and other accidents, in addition to most of the confined space working surface is narrow, the operating environment is complex, and it is easy to occur electric shock, mechanical damage, drowning and collapse and burial and other accidents.

The industries involved in confined space operations are very wide-ranging, such as coal mines, non-coal mines, chemical industry, oil refining, metallurgy, construction, electric power, papermaking, shipbuilding, building materials, food processing, catering, municipal engineering, city gas, sewage treatment, special equipment, etc. There are also many accidents that occur in confined space operations, including gas suffocation in coal mines, gas suffocation, goaf suffocation accidents, and underground gun smoke poisoning accidents in mines. The gas poisoning accident caused by the residents of northern China who used coal for heating in winter is also an accident that occurs in a confined space.

With the rapid growth of human economy and population, the space of the city is compressed, and the comfortable living space is becoming less and less. Confined spaces come into being in this context. Confined spaces refer to limited public or private places whose size or capacity limits the scope and amount of human activity in them.

Confined space has become a common phenomenon in the process of urbanization, affecting our life, work and leisure and entertainment.

The impact of confined space on humans.

Confined space brings a lot of constraints to people's lives. Living quarters, offices, public transportation, shopping malls and other spaces accommodate a large number of people every day, leading to serious problems of air pollution and material pollution. At the same time, noise, oppressive atmosphere, and crowding in confined spaces can also lead to people's physical and mental health problems, such as insomnia, nervousness, anxiety, etc.

Therefore, the study of how to optimize the confined space and improve the quality of life and living comfort has become an important topic in urban planning and design.

Design concept for confined spaces.

Designers need to consider how to provide people with a better environmental experience in a limited space, so that the space has good ventilation, lighting and acoustic effects, and alleviate the oppressive feeling caused by crowding and noise. Designers can also increase the usefulness and aesthetics of confined spaces by optimizing the layout and using clever space separation. In the office space, designers can use functional partitioning, sound insulation, humanized office appliances and other means to improve the work efficiency and quality of employees.

Improvement solutions for confined spaces.

Urban planners and policymakers can address the problem of constrained space by strengthening urban capacity planning, improving urban land utilization, and increasing the area of living space and public spaces. In addition, it can also alleviate the problems caused by the overuse of confined spaces through the construction of large public facilities and the provision of public services. Citizens can also start from themselves, such as having a small and beautiful family, using the sharing economy and other ways to make the lifestyle more simple and convenient.

Epilogue. How to create a more comfortable and practical space in a confined space is a problem that the whole society needs to think about together. Optimizing the design of confined space, strengthening management, and changing personal lifestyle are the keys to solving the problem of confined space.

We need to work together to explore a feasible confined space planning scheme in the context of adapting to the new era of urbanization.