Why ecosystems need to be constantly replenished with energy from outside the system

The ecosystem is a kind of anti-entropy phenomenon, and the anti-entropy is based on the increase of more entropy in the larger system environment, so it must be constantly replenished with energy from outside the system, which is a natural law that cannot be surpassed, just as there is no perpetual motion machine in the world, and there will be no absolute anti-entropy phenomenon.

Because the capacity of the ecosystem will be emitted with heat and other means. At the same time, the energy conversion is not 100%, so the ecosystem needs to be constantly replenished with energy from outside the system in order to function properly.

This ecology refers to the "intraterrestrial environmental ecology", that is, the ecosystem composed of all living things within the "fugitive layer" of the earth's atmosphere. The energy of the entire inner ecology enters the earth in the form of ultraviolet radiation and is released outside the earth in the form of heat energy, and this process is unidirectional and irreversible. Therefore, theoretically, intraterrestrial activities include human activities, and how much heat energy is released from the earth must be supplemented by extraterrestrial energy (which is still mainly dependent on solar energy) in order to maintain the energy balance.

Because the maintenance of all living organisms requires energy, and a considerable part of the energy in the operation of the ecosystem is consumed as heat rather than converted into other available energy, if there is no external energy supplement, the energy of the ecosystem is in a state of continuous decay, and sooner or later it will be exhausted.

The energy of the ecosystem is the same as solar energy, and after solar energy is fixed by the producer in the form of light energy, it begins to be transferred in the ecosystem, and the energy fixed by the producer only accounts for a small part of the solar energy. The role and capacity of the ecosystem as a whole in its internal and external connections. With the continuous exchange of energy and matter, the ecosystem also produces a constantly changing and dynamic process.

The energy of the ecosystem** is solar energy. Solar energy is produced by the fusion of hydrogen and helium in the sun's interior to release a huge amount of nuclear energy, and the radiation energy from the sun. The vast majority of the energy required by humans comes directly or indirectly from the sun.

Plants release oxygen, absorb carbon dioxide, and convert solar energy into chemical energy through photosynthesis for storage in plants. Ecosystem system, referred to as eco, is the abbreviation of ecosystem, which refers to a unified whole composed of organisms and the environment in a certain space in nature, in which organisms and the environment influence and restrict each other, and are in a relatively stable state of dynamic equilibrium in a certain period of time.

In the ecosystem, energy is ultimately the energy of the solar energy.

Ecosystem, referred to as eco, is the abbreviation of ecosystem, refers to a unified whole composed of organisms and the environment in a certain space in nature, in this unified whole, organisms and the environment interact with each other, mutual constraints, and in a certain period of time in a relatively stable state of dynamic equilibrium.

The scope of ecosystems can be large or small, intertwined, and the solar system is an ecosystem, and the sun is like an engine that continuously provides energy to the solar system.

Earth's largest ecosystem is the biosphere; The most complex ecosystems are tropical rainforest ecosystems, where humans mainly live in artificial ecosystems dominated by cities and farmland.

Ecosystems are open systems, and in order to maintain their own stability, ecosystems need to continuously input energy, otherwise there is a danger of collapse; Many basic substances are constantly circulating in the ecosystem, among which the carbon cycle is closely related to the global warming effect, and the ecosystem is a major structural and functional unit in the field of ecology, which belongs to the highest level of ecological research.

The dynamic mechanism of ecosystems is also of great guiding significance for human economic activities and the restoration and reconstruction of damaged ecosystems. Ecosystem is a natural whole with self-regulating functions formed by biological communities and abiotic environments through energy flow and material circulation within a certain range of time and space.

The extent of the ecosystem is delineated according to the purpose and object of the study. The largest is the biosphere, which includes all living things on Earth and the conditions in which they live. A small forest, a meadow, or a pond can all be regarded as an ecosystem.

The energy in the ecosystem is ultimately the best in the sun.

After solar energy is fixed by the producers in the ecosystem in the form of light energy, it begins to be transferred in the ecosystem, and the energy fixed by the producers accounts for only a small part of the solar energy. After the producer fixes the solar energy, the energy is transferred in the form of chemical energy in the ecosystem.

The transfer of energy in the ecosystem is irreversible and decreasing step by step, with a decreasing rate of 10% to 20%.

The main way of energy transfer is the food chain and the food web, which constitutes the trophic relationship, and when transferred to each trophic level, the assimilated energy goes to: unused (for future reproduction, growth), metabolic consumption (respiration, excretion), and used by the next trophic level (except for the highest trophic level).

Energy flow in ecosystems

1. Energy input: The starting point of energy flow in the ecosystem is the solar energy fixed by the producers (mainly plants) through photosynthesis. The channels through which energy flows are the food chain and the food web.

2. Energy transfer: In the energy flow of the ecosystem, energy changes in the form of solar light energy and chemical energy and thermal energy loss in organic matter in living organisms. Energy flows in the form of chemical energy in organic matter (food) in the trophic levels of the food chain.

3. Energy loss: The main way of energy loss in the energy flow of the ecosystem is through the cellular respiration of the organisms at each trophic level in the food chain and the cellular respiration of the decomposers, which are mainly lost in the form of heat.

The structure and function of the ecosystem of the eight biologicals of Beijing Normal University - the material cycle is accompanied by the flow of energy.

Matter and energy Producer Basis Main components are broken down into inorganic and necessary components.