Why does the Loess Plateau have the topography of plateau , beam and ridge ?

The three major landform types of mountain, plain and river are the main body of the Loess Plateau. Towering over the plateau, the mountains are like islands in the ocean. For example, Quwu Mountain, Huajialing and Mabit Mountain on the Longzhong Plateau west of Liupan Mountain, and Ziwuling, Baiyu Mountain and Huanglong Mountain on the Longdong and Northern Shaanxi Plateau.

Yuan (or Yuan) refers to the flat ground of the Loess Plateau, the famous ones are Dong Zhiyuan in eastern Gansu and Luochuan Plateau in northern Shaanxi. The wide area is suitable for mechanized farming, and it is an important agricultural area.

However, the plateau is susceptible to erosion by flowing water, and the valley develops, dividing out a long strip of plateau and becoming a mountain beam, which is called "beam" land.

If the beam is then cut by the valley and scattered and isolated, the shape of the hill is like a steamed bun, and the local name is "峁". The loess hills composed of "beams" and "ridges" are mostly about 100 200 meters above the bottom of the nearby ditch, and the soil erosion is serious, and it is the sediment area of the Yellow River.

The river is a river valley plain cut deep into the surface of the plateau. In the Liangyuan area, the groundwater is exposed, and the sediment brought by the river water is deposited here, forming a small plain on both banks, and it is called "Chuan".

There are also terraces on both sides of the river, that is, "palm" and "stick" ground. The palm is a basin-like plain of the upper source of the river, which is different from the strip-like cane land.

The Yellow River flows through the Loess Plateau, the largest in the world, in its middle and upper reaches. The Loess Plateau has deep soil layer, loose soil, broken terrain, frequent heavy rains, and extremely serious soil erosion, which is the main place of sediment in the Yellow River. In particular, in the section of the Yellow River from Hekou Town to Tongguan, in the process of crossing this section of the Loess Plateau, many tributaries of the Yellow River converged, and the Yellow River was "dyed" yellow.

It has been determined that 90% of the sediment entering the Yellow River in this section of the river accounts for the total amount of sediment in the river.

It belongs to different landforms, distributed in the Loess Plateau area, it is best to check **, more intuitive.

The loess plateau is a relatively large piece of flat land, but the surrounding erosion and cutting loess beams are the existence of similar ridges left by erosion.

Loess ridges are very small patches of flat land.

Plateau, the northwest colloquial language called the Loess Plateau area due to the erosion of flowing water and the formation of a landform, into a platform, steep around, flat on the top; Liang, colloquially called the loess hill in the northwest; 峁, the northwest colloquial language calls the loess hills "峁"; Chuan, refers to a flat and open area.

The Liangchuan refers to the rugged terrain and landform of the Loess Plateau, the Loess Mao, and the Loess Liang, all of which are not conducive to agricultural production and are not areas with concentrated population. The loess river has an open terrain, which is conducive to agricultural production, and the population distribution is relatively concentrated.

This can be improved by the following measures:

Baoyuan: leveling the land; construction of a field and forest network; Advanced agricultural irrigation technologies such as sprinkler irrigation and drip irrigation are adopted.

Slope protection: gentle slope construction of horizontal terraces; Slope closure for afforestation and grass cultivation. Solid ditch: build a reservoir in the main channel dam to hold back mud and store water; Shelterbelts were created in each branch ditch section, and the ditch bed was fixed to intercept sediment.

Distribution of soil layers on the Loess Plateau:

The primary loess of the Loess Plateau is a wind-dust accumulation under the dry and cold climate conditions of the Quaternary glacial period, and the secondary loess is transformed by flood and alluvium of the primary loess. During the Quaternary loess accumulation period, with the climatic rotation of the glacial and interglacial periods, the loess layer showed the replacement of loess and paleosoil.

According to the paleosoil in the loess, the loess layer can be divided into Wucheng loess, Lishi loess, Malan loess and Holocene loess from bottom to top. According to the loess profile of Luochuan Heimugou, the lower interface of the fifteenth layer of loess is the loess of the early Pleistocene Wucheng.

Between the upper interface of the first paleosoil and the lower interface of the fifteenth layer of loess is the middle renewal lithic loess. The first loess layer is the Malan loess formed in the Late Pleistocene. The black Shanghai soil above the Malan loess is a paleosoil layer formed in the Holocene.

The area of the ridge is larger, and the time of the formation is shorter, the beam is formed by the passage of the time, and the beam is formed by the passage of the beam.

The formation of the four major topography of the Loess Plateau, namely the plateau, the Liang, the river and the river, reflects the severity of soil erosion on the Loess Plateau.

Soil erosion is relatively light, and most of the plateau surface is intact, so the landform is the loess plateau. With the development of soil erosion, the loess plateau is eroded by flowing water, and ravines appear, and the loess plateau may evolve into loess beams. Soil erosion continued to develop, and the loess beams were divided into sections to become loess ridges.

The valley was further widened, and the river sediment was deposited to form the Loess River. The Loess River is relatively flat and is a major agricultural area.

1. Plateau, colloquially said in the northwest, the Loess Plateau area is a landform of rubber change due to the erosion of flowing water, which is flat-shaped, steep around and flat on top; Liang, colloquially called the loess hill in the northwest; 峁, the northwest colloquial language calls the loess hills "峁"; Chuan, refers to a flat and open area.

2. The Liangchuan refers to the rugged terrain and landform of the Loess Plateau, the Loess Mao, and the Loess Liang, which are not conducive to agricultural or industrial production, and are not areas with concentrated population. The loess river is open in shape, which is conducive to agricultural production, and the population distribution is relatively concentrated.