What is hemothorax? How is it treated?

Hemothorax refers to the accumulation of blood in the thoracic cavity, and the principle is to drain the accumulated blood in the thoracic cavity as soon as possible and promote lung recruitment. After the patient forms a blood group, blood should be replenished in a timely manner, and fluids should be given to avoid inducing shock. Closed thoracostomy can be performed to drain the accumulated blood, and in the case of progressive hemothorax, thoracotomy is required to find the bleeding point and stop the bleeding.

It is a sudden disease, a large amount of blood backflows into the lungs, endangering the patient's life, the best way is to deal with the bleeding point, suppress the bleeding, and another way is to perform cardiac puncture, and then do thoracotomy.

A hemothorax is a buildup of blood in the chest cavity. It can be performed by puncture**, so that all the blood in the chest cavity can be drained.

At present, our domestic medical technology is still relatively developed, especially in some large cities, we can see that some medical technology can be at the international leading level, at present, there are some diseases that do need a lot of technology to be fused together, such as hemothorax is a disease.

1. Hemothorax. Hemothorax refers to the whole blood accumulation in the pleural cavity, there is pleural hemorrhage, hemopleural hemorrhage, in fact, the most common reason for this in us is because trauma and surgical internal medicine are generally common in empyema and tuberculosis infection, of course, there are some pleural or lung bloat, of course, Xu Song's clinical manifestations are mainly due to the amount of intrapleural blood is very fast, the patient's physique is different, and acute blood loss may appear pale, pulse coefficient leads to a gradual drop in blood pressure and other symptoms of blood shock, which is still more serious.

2. Hemothorax**.

Of course, there are corresponding methods for hemothorax, for example, there is non-progressive bleeding now, and the way of this bleeding is not the same, first of all, it is necessary to follow the way that a small amount of hemothorax can be absorbed by itself without special treatment, because of the close observation of whether there is progressive bleeding, if there is excessive blood accumulation, then as soon as possible to perform thoracentesis or thoracostomy drainage, which is also possible, of course, if it is progressive bleeding, it can only be rehydrated and transfused, When correcting hypovolemic shock, thoracoscopy or thoracotomy should be carried out in time to find out the bleeding site, and sutures should be given in time.

3. Clinical manifestations of hemothorax.

At present, the clinical manifestations of hemothorax are okay. Considering from the small amount of hemothorax, the middle amount of hemothorax and the large amount of hemothorax, generally a small amount of hemothorax does not have any clinical manifestations, but if it is a moderate amount of hemothorax and a large amount of blood, the chest is prone to acute blood loss, resulting in the patient's paleness, rapid pulse, shortness of breath, gradual drop in blood pressure, etc., and there are some patients who are prone to infection, high fever, chills, fatigue and sweating and other corresponding symptoms.

That is, there is a lot of blood accumulated in the chest cavity, and this disease can be carried out by surgery when it is **, and after the blood is drawn out, it can be coagulated by medical means.

Hemothorax means that there is a build-up of blood inside the chest cavity. The first way to do this is to use a puncture technique to drain all the blood from the chest.

A person who causes hemorrhage in the pleural space due to chest injury for various reasons is called hemothorax. The clinical manifestations of hemothorax are divided into three conditions according to the amount of hemopleural hemorrhage, one is a small amount of hemothorax, less bleeding, generally less than 3oo ml, and there are no obvious clinical symptoms; The second is a moderate hemothorax, the amount of bleeding is 5oo 1ooo ml, the patient may have obvious symptoms of blood loss, thirst, dizziness, chest tightness, dyspnea, fast and weak pulse, and a downward trend of blood pressure; The third is a large amount of hemothorax, with a large amount of bleeding, mostly in 2ooo ml, with obvious symptoms of blood loss, which can cause hemorrhagic shock, displacement of the trachea to the unaffected side, fullness of the intercostal space on the affected side, dullness or solid sound on percussion, and extreme dyspnea.

Treatment measures: For a small amount of hemothorax, measures such as pain relief and hemostasis should be taken, and oral antibiotics can be used to prevent infection. Generally, a small amount of hemothorax does not need to be punctured and drawn blood, and most of them can be absorbed by themselves.

For moderate hemothorax and massive hemothorax, in addition to the above treatments, blood transfusion can be considered to the patient when possible, and blood should be drawn by puncture in the 7th intercostal space of the posterior axillary line to make the lung recruit, but a blood draw should not exceed 1ooo ml. Antibiotics such as penicillin 4o million units can be injected into the pleural space to prevent infection before needle removal. If the patient's symptoms recur or worsen shortly after the blood draw is made, it indicates that there is active bleeding in the pleural space, which often requires surgical treatment.

1.Non-progressive bleeding.

A small amount of hemothorax can be absorbed spontaneously and does not require special treatment, and should be closely monitored for progressive bleeding. If there is a large amount of blood, thoracentesis or thoracostomy should be performed as soon as possible to drain the accumulated blood and promote lung recruitment. Antibiotics are given to prevent infection.

2.Progressive bleeding.

Fluid rehydration, blood transfusion, and correction of hypovolemic shock should be accompanied by timely thoracoscopy or thoracotomy to find the bleeding site and suture to stop the bleeding.

1 All 1Hemothorax is usually caused by injury to the chest wall, pleura, or mediastinal organs.

2.Hemothorax begins with an assessment of the patient's status and amount of bleeding.

Indwelling chest drainage is necessary.

If the patient presents with significant signs of circulatory collapse or persistent bleeding from chest drainage, thoracoscopy or exploratory thoracotomy should be considered.

2.For **Positive**.

3.When it is estimated that the intrapleural blood is less than 200ml, the pleural cavity should be carried out early, and the puncture should be used to remove the accumulated blood as much as possible, so as to promote lung expansion and improve respiratory function. For a hemothorax of 500 ml, thoracostomy drainage should be placed early to expel the accumulated hemo and pneumosis as soon as possible.

Timely lung re-expansion is also a powerful measure to prevent intrathoracic infection, and at the same time, it has the effect of monitoring air leakage and active bleeding, so that the patient is focused on a safe situation. Autologous blood retransfusion may also be considered.

4.Antibiotics** to prevent infection.

How to prevent the use of qi and blood? That is, don't get too tired to work.

The causes and mechanisms of hemothorax are different, and the focus of prevention is also different. Hemothorax can be caused by trauma, so the possibility of hemothorax should be considered in patients with thoracic trauma. Moderate hemothorax (no more than 1000 ml) and massive hemothorax (more than 1000 ml), especially acute blood loss, may present with symptoms of hypovolemic shock such as pallor, rapid pulse, shortness of breath, and gradual decline in blood pressure.

Shock manifests as a fast and weak pulse, a drop in blood pressure, and shortness of breath. When there is a concurrent infection, symptoms such as high fever, chills, fatigue, and sweating appear. Usually, after a patient with chest trauma goes to the doctor, the doctor will take hemothorax into account and remind the patient to do some relevant tests to prevent missing the diagnosis.

1.Prevent and treat chest trauma and timely and correct treatment of rib fractures.

2.For **Positive**.

3.When it is estimated that the intrapleural blood is less than 200ml, the pleural cavity should be carried out early, and the puncture should be used to remove the blood as much as possible, so as to promote lung expansion and improve respiratory function, for 500ml of hemothorax, the thoracostomy drainage should be placed early, which can discharge the accumulated blood and gas as soon as possible, so that the lung can be re-expanded in time, and it is also a powerful measure to prevent intrathoracic infection.

4.Antibiotics** to prevent infection.

For patients with pre-existing hemothorax, conservative** is generally performed first, and thoracoscopy or thoracotomy is considered only when conservative** does not achieve the desired effect; Progressive hemothorax requires early surgery**.

Prevent age spots early and pay attention to sun protection.

What are the symptoms of spontaneous hemothoraxAnswer: The clinical manifestations of EANDC hemothorax vary with the amount of bleeding, the rate of bleeding, the trauma to the intrathoracic organs, and the constitution of the casualty. Pleural hemagma can cause low-grade fever, but if there are signs of suppuration** staining, such as chills, high fever, and increased white blood cell count, the fluid should be aspirated and sent for bacterial smear and culture.

Hemothorax evolves into fibrothoracic thorax, and if the area is large, the chest on the affected side may collapse, respiratory movement may be weakened, the trachea and mediastinum may be displaced to the diseased side, and the lung ventilation may be reduced. X-rays show dense shadows caused by the fiberboard.

Pneumothorax and hemothorax caused by rib fractureAnswerer: Xiao Mingdi, the patient's condition is still relatively serious, and the current discomfort is considered to be caused by the disease, and it is recommended to actively target ** under the guidance of a specialist. Pay attention to the prevention of infection in patients.