How to distinguish and do the use of the word and in ancient texts?

The word ] is used as a conjunction (1) (connecting the semantic parts) such as: beautiful and moving.

Fill somebody's shoes. (2) (connecting the elements of affirmation and negation that complement each other) such as: mourning but not sadness.

There is no harm in all gains.

3) (connecting components with opposite semantic meanings) such as: big but inappropriate.

4) (connecting the components of the cause of the matter before and after) such as: do what you can.

Quit when the going gets tough. 5) (Representation"to"Meaning) such as: over and over again, over and over again.

indicates time or manner connected to the verb) such as:

Hurried. Snatch the door away.

Whereas] the word is used as a pronoun [written].

1) (you, your) such as:

Husband! And forget the killing of the king and the father?

2) (he; his).The sentences are similar.

3) (This; That) language assistant [written] (used at the end of the sentence to express the exclamation tone) such as: I am with the focus and, the ear is plain, and the Qionghua is still there!

And the word ] as a noun [written] (1) and: cheek hair.

2) And: beard.

The difference between the use of the word "and" in ancient texts and the use of the table is to look at the words connected before and after:

1. When the word list of "while" is modified, "adverbial + and + verb (verb)".

Such as: I rise up. (The Snake Catcher Says).

I try to think all day long ("Persuasion of Learning").

2. When the word "while" is inherited, it is often used between two verbs.

For example: Sunrise and Lin Fei Kai ("out" and "open" are two verbs, the Drunkard Pavilion Story) may help you!

For example, in ancient texts, "while" is used in two ways: forward and backward. The meaning of the sentence is to follow the meaning of the sentence, that is, the previous action and the latter action have a logical or de facto relationship with the burning shed. Reverse connection, on the other hand, is the opposite of the latter action to the previous action or a logical relative.

Shun connection, and divided into 1 tied, Hu 2 undertaking, 3 into three situations.

1. Juxtaposition, that is, the two things are equally important, similar to a kind of listing;

2. Undertaking, emphasizing the sequence of the occurrence of the two things, and emphasizing the process of the occurrence of events;

3. Progressively, the latter is emphasized, the former is either for foreshadowing, or for contrast, the purpose is to illustrate the latter.

Translation depends on the context. It can generally be translated as "and, and", "then, then", "more, especially".

Reverse connection, the surface of the skin to do the folding, can be translated as but, on. If you give it up, it is a logical turn, which translates as "carve it and give up".

And "in ancient texts" the meaning is as follows:

1. Used as a noun, meaning: cheek hair; Whiskers.

Source: Zhou Zhou Gongdan's "Zhou Li Examination Record": "To be its fine." ”

Interpretation: Shave off his beard.

2. Used as a pronoun, it means: through "you", yours.

Source: Ming Cui Milling's "Remembering Wang Zhongsu Gongao": "And Weng Changquan, moving me to Beijing, will be your mother." ”

Interpretation: Your father is the chief of the Ministry of Officials, and he transferred me to the capital to serve, so you can serve your mother well every day.

3. Used as a verb, it means: through "such as". It seems like.

Source: Qin Lü Buwei's "Chajin": "The army is frightened and ruined. ”

Interpretation: The army is in turmoil like a great house collapsing.

4. Used as a conjunction, indicating juxtaposition, succession, progression, transition, modification, hypothesis, cause and effect, etc.

Source: Han Bangu's "Hanshu Food and Goods Chronicle": "There is a lot of Su and more money. ”

Interpretation: Accumulation of reserves is the lifeblood of the country's survival, if there are many food reserves and property surplus.

5. Used as a particle, expressing an exclamation tone, equivalent to "ah" and "bar".

Source: Spring and Autumn Confucius's "Analects of Zihan": "Don't you think, the room is far away." ”

Interpretation: How can I not miss you? It's just that the place where the family lives is too far away.

6. Affixes, embedded after certain time words.

Source: Song Ouyang Xiu's "The Story of the Drunkard Pavilion": "Already, the sunset is in the mountains, and the figures are scattered. ”

Interpretation: Soon, the sun went down and the figures were scattered.

The first is to express Shuncheng, Shuncheng as the name suggests is to go down, one action after another, which can be understood as the ruler "then, then, on".

The second is the table turn, which is also easier to understand, which can be understood as but, but, but. Maxima is commonly used and Bole is not often! Ring and win! All of them can be understood as the meaning of the cavity of but, the table turns!

The third table is juxtaposed, this can be understood as the meaning of and, and the sentence describing Su Dongpo in the "Nuclear Boat Chronicles" that Wu Shifu has learned, with a crown and many hairs, with a high hat, and a thick beard, that is to say, the two things expressed before and after exist at the same time, and the positions are reversed, and the meaning remains the same, that is, the table is juxtaposed!

The fourth table modification, translated as "earth", or not translated, in "The Fool Moves the Mountain", facing the mountain and dwelling, is the table modification!

1. It is equivalent to "the".

The Analects of the Constitution: "A gentleman is ashamed of his words and deeds. ”

Translation: A gentleman is ashamed to say more and do less.

2. Table tone. Slightly closer to "Xi".

The Analects of Weizi: "It's over! That's it! Today's politicians are gone! ”

Translation: Forget it, forget it! Now those people in the party and government are in great danger!

3. Like, as if.

The Book of Poetry, Xiaoya, and Du People": "The people of Pidu are powerful and powerful. His children's hair is like a beard. ”

Translation: Those people in the capital, their clothes drooping from side to side, and the daughters of those nobles told their heads, and their hair was like scorpion tail wings. ”

4. Therefore, therefore.

Xunzi Persuasion": "Jade is in the mountains and the grass and trees are moist, and the pearls are born and the cliffs are not dry. ”

Translation: Jade is moistened by the grass and trees on the mountains of the state, and pearls grow in the deep pools, so the plants and trees on the cliffs do not wither.

5. If. The Analects of the Eight Hundreds: "Guan knows the etiquette, but who does not know the etiquette?" ”

Translation: If Guan Zhong knows etiquette, then who doesn't know etiquette?

1. Explain the words.

1, the literary version of "Shuo Wen Jie Zi": And, cheek hair. Elephant hair. "Zhou Li" said: "Be its scales." "All that belongs is this.

2, the vernacular version of "Shuowen Jie Zi": And, the beard on the cheeks. The glyph is like the shape of a hair. There is a sentence in the "Zhou Li" that says, "Cheer up its lin and the hair on its cheeks." All words related to and related are alongside "and".

1. Thus [yīn ér].

Conjunction. Indicates the result: He is selfless and therefore fearless.

2. Sometimes [shí ér].

It means that there is a rebirth from time to time: a few thin white clouds drift in the sky from time to time.

3. Therefore [gù ér].

Thus; So: I heard that the old man is not in good health, so he came to visit.

4. Contrary [fǎn ér].

It means the opposite of the above meaning or unexpected and commonplace: the wind has not stopped, but has become stronger and stronger.

5. 既而 [jì ér].