What pests and diseases will occur when planting cabbage in spring? What are the prevention measures

Fertilizer and water management in the field to ensure plant growth; and disease prevention and control to ensure high and stable yield of Chinese cabbage. Through scientific control, it can effectively reduce the attack of root swelling disease, soft rot, aphids, diamondback moth and other pests and diseases, ensure bumper yields, and become a "magic weapon" for vegetable farmers to increase their income. Chinese cabbage is a light-loving and cold-tolerant vegetable crop.

In the northern region, it is mostly planted in spring and autumn. Due to the high temperature and humidity in summer, bok choy is prone to pests and diseases, and farmers generally do not plant bok choy in summer. When there is no standing water, you can sprinkle the seeds of the cabbage, and finally apply a thin layer of fine soil.

Note that it is best not to choose the early spring time when the temperature is unstable, which will reduce the germination rate of wheat cabbage.

The growth cycle of Chinese cabbage is short, from sowing to growing 5 7 leaves time is about 35 days or so, you can also eat the seedlings between the edges, Guangdong people like to dry the cabbage to make soup, you can peel the leaves and eat after transplanting into a big tree, you can also eat cabbage sprouts. Because of these characteristics, it is cultivated in various places. It is also important to consider the adaptability of the species and its resistance to pests and diseases.

In production, attention should be paid to the selection of varieties with multi-resistance and wide adaptability, followed by the selection of varieties that are resistant to high temperature, heavy rain, low temperature, disease resistance and late pumping, and finally the selection of high-quality cabbage seeds with qualified quality.

<> variety is the unique nature of the vegetable and what distinguishes it from other vegetables. A good variety not only has a high emergence rate, but also has strong disease resistance and easy planting management, which directly affects the yield. If the variety is misused during planting, it will not only affect the emergence rate, but also reduce the yield and delay agricultural production.

The cabbage heart has a shallow root system with many fibrous roots, and the root groups are mainly distributed in the topsoil layer with a depth of 3 10 cm and a diameter of 10 30 cm. The regeneration ability of the roots is very strong, and the short and constricted stems of the plant are green before the sprouting. The leaves are broadly ovate or elliptic, green or yellowish-green.

There will be powdery mildew, root swelling, anthracnose mainly to the leaves and rhizomes of cabbage to cause harm, we should do a good job of deep soil disinfection before planting, eliminate germs, disinfection is mainly comprehensive and thorough before sowing can be used once lime water as root water, and then the seedlings survive to water again 1-2 times. When fertilizing, you can not apply nitrogen fertilizer alone, and do a good job of drainage and irrigation in the field according to factors such as weather changes and soil conditions.

Common pests and diseases are downy mildew, soft rot, cabbage worms, aphids, etc.

Scientific fertilization, pollution-free production, and fertilization of cabbage should be based on well-rotted organic fertilizer.

Timely removal of weeds in the field; Use silver-gray shade nets to drive away aphids, and insecticidal lamps to trap and kill; Check it up.

Choose a field with high dryness and easy drainage.

In spring, the pests and diseases of cabbage are generally light, sometimes there are aphids, and in the later stage, cabbage worms, diamondback moths, soft rot, downy mildew and so on. Firstly, we should choose the soil that is free of three wastes pollution, chemical pesticides and heavy metal residues, and secondly, it is advisable to choose a sunny and dry field with convenient drainage. Take a narrow furrow and a deep ditch, the furrow is wide and the furrow surface is flat.

Common pests and diseases of vegetables: yellow armyworm board traps aphids, whiteflies.

The principle of pest control: prevention first, comprehensive control, priority is given to agricultural control, physical control, biological control, and chemical control. Pesticide application strictly implements the provisions of NY T1276-2007 and all parts of GB).

Agricultural prevention and control selects excellent varieties, cultivates strong seedlings, sows seeds in a timely manner, rotates crop stubble, strengthens management, and cleans the countryside.

Because Chinese cabbage is relatively resistant to low temperature compared with other vegetables and fruits, so every autumn, we will plant some Chinese cabbage in our vegetable garden, fry and eat, go to the hot pot restaurant as a hot pot side dish, and eat the leftover cabbage, and can also put it in the big water tank to pickle, and can eat for many months. In the case of pulling cabbage in the small vegetable garden, every time I see many jumping insects on the cabbage leaves, I will figure out that this is the cabbage worm again. The actual effect of using the grass ash of the farmhouse to control the small cabbage green worm is very good, and they have used this method for many years, the specific method is that when the water dew is dispersed in the morning on a sunny day, after the dew rises at dusk, the grass ash prepared in advance is evenly sprinkled on the surface of the cabbage leaves, so that the grass ash can be firmly adhered to the cabbage leaves and is not easy to fall, the cabbage green insects will block their vents when they eat the leaves, and they will be dragged once every seven days, the actual effect of metallurgical control is very good, and it is not easy to recur the problem of the lai green insects gnawing the leaves. Cabbage worm is one of the key insect pests of Chinese cabbage. The nymph of the cabbage worm is the cabbage butterfly, a cabbage butterfly can lay 100-500 eggs, from the eggs to the juvenile is what we are talking about the cabbage worm needs 4 to 8 days, and then can live daily life for about 18 days, the time of about 18 days is the most serious harm to the cabbage, if the prevention is not timely, it will cause obvious harm to the cabbage and even lose the value of use, but also cause the appearance of soft rot. The most effective green plant-derived medicine to avoid cabbage cabbage worms, I recommend using azadiracht. Indyrdachtin is a broad-spectrum green plant source insecticide, it basically has a repellent effect on all insect pests of green plants, the drug is digested and absorbed by the plant leaves, and the green plant body can be transmitted to the green plant in various positions without residue, and the drug power is nearly 20 days or more, the insect pest is not easy to cause drug resistance, it is the preferred drug for green pollution, and has a certain prevention and control effect on some problems of green plants. Give it a try, if you don't try it, you won't be surprised.

Cabbage cataplexy, this disease mainly appears in the high temperature and rainy season in the south, and it is also prone to disease in the low temperature and high humidity environment during the seedling stage. Seeds and soil are disinfected before planting, and drugs are sprayed after the onset of the disease. Cabbage black rot is prone to disease in high temperature and high humidity climate environment in summer, and improper continuous cropping and fertilization will also lead to disease.

The same planting disinfection treatment of soil and seeds, scientific and reasonable fertilization, balanced matching of various fertility, and drug spraying can be used to prevent and control the disease.

Plantar fertilizer: prevention and control of downy mildew, toxic treatment: prevention and control of black rot, seeds and soil disinfection and spraying in advance:

Cabbage suffering from anthrax, spray nail, thiophanate, plus chlorothalonil. Timely drainage: prevention and control of vitiligo, in daily maintenance, there is stagnant water discharged in time.

When planting, the soil must be very fertile, the seeds must be very high-quality, and fertilizer should be applied in advance, poisonicides should be sprayed, and nutrient solutions should be sprayed, so as to prevent pests and diseases.

Common diseases in Chinese cabbage plantations are: cataplexy, mosaic disease, anthracnose, mycosis, mild rot disease, dry burn, cataplexy, also known as small foot blast, curved neck disease, mainly occurs when peony only grows 1 true leaf, after the onset of the leaf is normal, the stem appears water stains, gradually thinning and drying, resulting in sowing collapse, sudden disease spread rapidly.

Mosaic disease, also known as viral disease, occurs mainly after the growth of true leaves. After the onset of the disease, the veins gradually disappear, necrotic spots appear, the leaves fold and curl, and mosaic disease can cause the plant to be short, slow to grow, and unable to contact the heart. Mosaic disease viruses are mainly transmitted by aphids, and high temperatures and not only reduce the disease resistance of Chinese cabbage, but they also increase the activity of aphids.

Therefore, a hot and dry climate is the most effective way to prevent cabbage mosaic disease. This is done by sowing seeds after the autumn gets colder. After its appearance, water tends to "dry and wet" the soil with a small amount of water.

The anthropogenic infection of Chinese cabbage has obvious regional characteristics, which is generally more serious in the south, and the leaves, small cabbage leaves and veins will be infected. In the early stages of yeast, irregular circles appear with patches of orange water overflowing in the middle, and the edges turn brown and dry. In severe cases, the leaves will be covered with patches of disease, dense holes, and gradually wilt and die.

Fill the seeds; In terms of fertilization, the amount of nitrogen fertilizer should be strictly controlled, and the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers should be increased to improve the disease resistance of Chinese cabbage.

In the whole growth period of Chinese cabbage, low mildew may occur, the affected parts are mostly leaves, at the beginning of the disease, irregular soaking and light yellow spots appear on the bottom leaves, when the disease is severe, the leaves are dark brown, and there is a layer of snow or gray frozen moss on the back of the leaves. Soft rot of Chinese cabbage usually occurs in the pericardial stage, and the lesions generally spread from the base of the petiole to the tip of the heart of Chinese cabbage. The infected part is soaked in translucent water.

After a severe illness, it is grayish-brown and begins to decay, white and yellow mucus overflows, often accompanied by a foul odor.

Mosaic disease, anthracnose, mycosis, rot disease, curl neck disease, and some of the diseases that are often seen are all diseases that affect the growth of cabbage.

Mild rot disease, cataplexy, anthracnose, mosaic disease, mycosis, these are relatively common diseases.

Common diseases are mycosis, dry burn, mosaic disease, cataplexy, anthrax, mild rot, and curly neck disease.