How to turn over the soil and fertilize, how to fertilize the deep soil

Fertilization is generally done before sowing.

After autumn, the farm manure is evenly scattered in the ground, and then the stubble is killed, and the farm manure is mixed with the field together with the stubble, and then the plough is turned over and the ridge is cultivated in the spring of the following year. There are also those that are planted directly after the stubble is destroyed in early spring. This method of turning over the soil and fertilizing is simple, labor-saving and labor-saving, and the effect is not bad.

For the fertilization of green seedlings, it is often combined with wading to cultivate soil, digging pits or ditches around the crops, and wading to cultivate soil after applying chemical fertilizer.

1.The sand soil has good aeration, the fertilizer effect is fierce and short after fertilization, the fertilizer retention is poor, and it is easy to leak water and fertilizer. Crops tend to be "early-onset" and "prematurely senescent", so fertilization should be applied in batches to prevent nutrient loss and later premature senescence.

2.The clay soil has poor aeration and water permeability, and the soil temperature rises slowly in early spring. Therefore, a larger amount of chemical fertilizer at one time will not cause "seedling burning" or nutrient loss.

However, the application of too much nitrogen fertilizer in the later stage can easily cause crop greed and late maturity, resulting in reduced yield. Therefore, basal fertilizer should be reapplied and top dressing should be carried out in a timely manner. In grain crops, it is generally more appropriate to use about 70% nitrogen fertilizer as base fertilizer and about 30% as top dressing.

3.The loam sand is moderately claying, good tillage, strong aeration and water permeability, water retention and fertilizer retention ability, and the crop growth performance is both small seedlings and old seedlings. Therefore, balanced fertilization is generally used in production, and both base fertilizer and top dressing are emphasized.

Summary. Hello, I am honored to answer for you, after the deep turn must be reapplied organic fertilizer, as the saying goes, "crops a branch of flowers, all rely on fertilizer to be the home", the bottom fertilizer is sufficient to ensure the nutrition of watermelon throughout the growth period**.

Hello, I am honored to answer for you, only after the hunger must be reapplied organic fertilizer, as the saying goes, "crops a flower, all rely on fertilizer to be careful", the bottom fertilizer is full of auspicious mountain cavity enough to ensure the nutrition of watermelon throughout the growth period**.

Why do we need to reapply organic fertilizer? On the one hand, it can improve the soil, and on the other hand, it can supplement various nutrients and organic matter to make the soil nutrient balance. It is not recommended to use too much compound co-op fertilizer, perennial over-application is easy to lead to soil salinization, and practice has proved that Lu Wangzheng, in the case of high nitrogen fertilizer, the watermelon produced is often not sweet, the taste is poor, and at the same time, it is easy to grow in the early stage, which also affects the yield.

Compost soil can be used directly.

Compost soil is also a common culture soil for potted plants.

It is made of dead branches, fallen leaves, grass, fruit peel, dung, hairy bones, internal organs, etc. as raw materials, plus the old soil, furnace ash, and garden soil are layered and laid, and then piled up, and then watered human and animal manure on the top, and finally covered with garden soil around and above.

After more than half a year of storage, let it ferment and rot, and then remove the fine soil that is mixed and broken and sieved, that is, compost soil, and the rest of the residue is then piled up and stored to make the next compost soil.

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When making compost, care should be taken not to over-wet the accumulated soil, so that the aerobic bacteria have enough air to decompose the organic matter and form nitrides and sulfides. If it is too wet, the aerophobic bacteria will decompose the organic matter into ammonia and hydrogen sulfide and lose it in the air, reducing the fertilizer efficiency.

The compost soil and sandy soil are mixed with half and half to plant flowers, which is fertile and conducive to drainage, and the effect is very good. For example, the effect of mixing compost soil with peat soil to plant orchids, camellias, rhododendrons, junzi orchids, Milan and other precious flowers and trees is also good.

Soil testing formula fertilization and soil extraction method:

Soil testing and formula fertilization is of great practical significance for improving grain yield, increasing farmers' income, reducing production costs, improving fertilizer utilization rate, protecting the agricultural ecological environment, improving the nutrient status of cultivated land, and realizing sustainable agricultural development. In order to ensure the accuracy of the nutrient results of the measured soil samples and provide accurate data for formula fertilization, the field soil extraction method should be strictly in accordance with the correct method, and the following three methods are introduced below

1) Five-point soil extraction method: take five points on the diagonal of the plot to be measured, and the soil sample must be representative of the soil fertility level of the plot (suitable for smaller plots).

2) Random sampling method: A number of points are randomly taken in the plot to be measured, and the soil sample must be representative of the soil fertility level of the plot. (for larger plots).

3) "S" line type sampling method: along the "S" line type in the field multi-point sampling. (for narrow and long plots).

Choose any one of the above three methods of taking soil, the soil sample should be fully mixed, flattened on the paper, eliminate the diagonal soil with a cross line, and then fully mix the soil sample, and then use the cross line to eliminate the diagonal soil, and so on and so on.

4) Soil depth: 0-20 cm for field crops, 0-40 cm for fruit trees. Use a soil drill to take the soil according to the requirements, or dig a vertical pit according to the depth of the soil, and take a soil sample with the same width and thickness.

With a soil drill, first take 20 cm of soil, then 20-40 cm of soil, and finally mix the two types of soil. When taking soil, you can use the diagonal method to take a few more points.

Soil extraction is a key part of accurate soil measurement. Specifically, there are 4 key points: 1. Mixed sample.

You should mix and mix the soil in the district land quickly and evenly after multi-point mining, take about 1 kilogram from it to do the test sample is the mixed sample, the mixed sample is placed in the shade of the room and poured on the newspaper to dry, bag and write the label of the sampling location inside and outside the bag, so as to facilitate the registration after the test. 2. The sampling depth can take the soil above the cultivated layer, and the amount of soil at the upper and lower parts of the sampling point should be consistent as much as possible, and the amount of soil taken at each point should be consistent to avoid errors. 3. Avoid compost piles, manure piles and root stubble for sampling.

4. The sampling time is in the north after the autumn harvest and before the spring sowing, and the south should be after the harvest.

This can be done by sending samples, otherwise, non-standard sampling has no application value at all.

The soil layer is 20 cm deep, and a few points are taken according to the size of the area, and the diagonal is taken.

You can use a soil drill to take a surface layer (0-20cm), and (20-40cm) of soil samples

Take the soil in the S or X shape and divide it into three centimeters.

Tea compound fertilizer fertilization needs to cover the soil.

Whether to cover the soil with compound fertilizer mainly depends on the method of fertilization, like the fertilization method of sprinkling on the grass should not cover the soil, if it is like tea leaves need to be buried, it must be covered with soil, digging holes according to the amount of compound fertilizer to cover the soil to prevent the fertilizer from being washed away after heavy rain, and it will slowly dissolve after the cover to provide the growth of tea trees.

The amount of fertilizer is determined by the yield per mu of adult trees, and the general yield of dry tea per mu is kilograms, and special fertilizer kilograms are applied respectively. It is applied according to 50% of the total dosage in 1 month before spring tea mining, 25% of the total dosage after spring tea picking, and 25% of the total dosage 15-20 days before autumn tea picking.

It is better to cover the soil, which is not easy to volatile.

It is important to shovel soil in plantations, improve the permeability of the soil layer, mature the soil layer, improve soil organic matter, and improve soil biological soil colloidsImproving the living conditions of microorganisms is beneficial to the development trend of fruit tree rhizomes. This kind of fruit grower will master some of them. So how to shovel the soil to save effort, save effort, and the effect is very good?

The first thing to understand is that shoveling soil in a plantation is different from subsoiling and shallow loosening of agricultural machinery. It is best to combine feeding fruit trees to carry out plantation shoveling, if the soil is not appropriate, it is time-consuming and not very effective.

We know that when the fruit tree is fed to the tree, it should be carried out according to the size of the trunk, so when feeding the tree, it is necessary to integrate the size of the trunk to carry out annular fertilization, and the size of the shade of the tree should be possible when excavating, without hurting the roots. When the fruit tree in the mountainous area is excavated, there are often stones in the Qingqing, the stones are completely clean and tidy when shoveling the soil, if the shovel soil is deep enough, the soil should be filled, and the soil should be cooked on the ground, and the soil that has just been dug out is called raw soil, there is no structure, no nutrients. Plantation soil shoveling is generally carried out in the autumn after the fruit has been picked.

At the moment, it is not easy to damage the rhizome, and even if there is a condition of root stalking, it will not disturb the peach tree.

After the fruit tree roots are planted, a large number of new roots will sprout, which is beneficial for upgrading the rhizomes. The actual effect of base fertilizer in autumn is better, generally in autumn when using base fertilizer, you can shovel soil excavation application. Apricot trees, shovel soil depth is about 30-50cm preferably.

This is the area where the rhizomes are distributed, and even the roots are not very harmful to the fruit trees. After the fruit trees sprout in spring, it is strictly forbidden to shovel soil, and only in autumn during the whole growing season. I think that fruit farmers are habitually harmed, and one-sidedly feel that the plantation shoveling soil is beneficial to the ripening soil layer and improve the air permeability of the fruit, but it leads to the death of many digested and absorbed roots in the plantation, and it cannot be repaired in the short term<>

However, the leaves quickly wither and enter the resting stage, and the rhizome repair time is short, or almost empty. Large-scale subsoiling of plantations is carried out before and after winterIt is the living habits and helplessness of fruit farmers in many places. In the early days, I was busy and had no time, and I was picking fruits, grading and classifying, entering the warehouse or **, and evaluating two pairs of hands, but it was already winter.

Mix organic fertilizer with soil and sprinkle it around the roots, which is more conducive to the rapid digestion and absorption of nutrients by the roots.

Ploughing the soil will make the oxygen content of the soil higher. Therefore, it is more conducive to the absorption of fertilizers and makes crops grow better.

After turning the soil, it can increase the width of the soil's socks, which is stuffy and breathable, and can better absorb water. It can also remove harmful substances from the soil. This allows you to bend and increase your yield.

1. Land preparation of rice.

1. General field preparation.

Depressions or clay soils are best turned in autumn. When it is necessary to turn the ground in spring, it should be turned over as soon as possible, and the soil is not dry in time, and it is difficult to ensure the quality of the rake if the soil is not dry in the process of soaking the ground. The finer the rake, the better, the harrow is too fine, there is less air in the soil, and the floor knot affects the root growth.

Therefore, under the premise of ensuring the leveling degree, the harrow should follow the principle of fine at the top and coarse at the bottom, that is, to ensure the quality of transplanting seedlings and increase the porosity of the soil.

2. Saline-alkali land preparation.

In order to facilitate alkali washing, saline-alkali paddy fields generally require the selection of plots with convenient drainage, and the paddy field ponds should have single-row and single-irrigation. When the paddy field is lightly saline (below), it can be left unwashed except for newly opened land. When moderately saline, it must be washed 1 2 times.

When washing the saline, the water layer must not be over the block, and the water must be drained after soaking for 2 to 3 days. After washing the saline, the pH of the paddy water layer was reduced to a slight salinity, and then fertilization and harrowing were carried out.

Second, apply base fertilizer.

1. Application method of base fertilizer.

There are two ways to apply base fertilizer: one is to apply it before ploughing. This method is not easy to volatilize due to the reduction of the degree of oxidation of fertilizer, which is conducive to improving fertilizer utilization rate and saving labor time.

However, because the fertilizer is not easy to absorb in the early stage after deep transplanting, tillering is slow. Therefore, the application of tillering fertilizer should be paid attention to the paddy field where the bottom fertilizer is applied before ploughing. When applying base fertilizer before ploughing, volatile fertilizer should not be applied.

It is best to use a disc harrow or other machinery to break up the soil clods after fertilizing before ploughing to reduce fertilizer loss. The other is to apply before raking. The bottom fertilizer applied in this method is in the whole layer, which is conducive to the tillering stage and later utilization of rice, and the tillering fertilizer should be used relatively delayed.

2. The amount of bottom fertilizer fertilization.