What is the difference between Zhongshu Province and Prime Minister in the early Ming Dynasty?

The province of Zhongshu is an institution, and the prime minister is an official position. The Tang Dynasty set up three provinces: Zhongshu, Menxia and Shangshu. The governors of the three provinces are the prime ministers.

At the beginning of the Ming Dynasty, Zhongshu Province was a continuation of the Yuan Dynasty. It is an institution, and the head of this institution is the prime minister.

Prime Minister is the official name, while Zhongshu Province is only a part of the power of the Prime Minister whose duties are equivalent to the Prime Minister.

Zhongshu Province is a state institution, and the prime minister is its person in charge, and Shangshu is only a subordinate of the prime minister.

Shangshu Ling, Shangshu Servant Shot is the prime minister in the popular sense.

Zhu Yuanzhang stipulated that the Ming Dynasty was not allowed to have a prime minister.

The three provinces of Zhongshu, Menxia and Shangshu were given the right to share each other.

The Chinese book is drafted, approved by the emperor, executed by the book, and supervised by the subordinates.

Zhongshu Province is a state institution, while Prime Minister is a position, and the power is different.

Zhongshu Province is only the emperor's internal service agency, and it cannot restrict the emperor like the prime minister.

It is not a central institution that cannot restrain the emperor.

The power of Zhongshu Province is far less than that of the prime minister, in order to weaken the power of the prime minister.

At the beginning of the Ming Dynasty, he was the premier of Zhongshu Province and had jurisdiction over six ministries of national government affairs.

The prime minister is responsible for managing military affairs or other important affairs, and assists the emperor in handling state affairs. Whenever there was an important matter, the emperor summoned the minister, the two thousand stones, and the doctor to discuss in front of the emperor to avoid arbitrariness. General government affairs can be implemented by the decision of the prime minister.

When the emperor had a problem, he often consulted the prime minister, who could sometimes refute the edict and express his reservations about the emperor's orders. The specific duties and powers of the prime minister are: appointing officials, or recommending talents to the emperor; For magistrates, they have the power to examine and depose and reward; in charge of laws, orders and related prison matters; If there is a riot or other thing in the local area, the prime minister will send his subordinate officials to suppress it; There is also some responsibility in the military or border guards; The archives of the whole country, such as books and various books, are kept by the Prime Minister's Office.

The province of Zhongshu is an institution.

Prime Minister is an official position.

Zhongshu Provincial Shilang is equivalent to the current minister and vice minister level.

Zhongshu Shilang, the governor of Zhongshu Province and the deputy Zhongshu Ling, helps Zhongshu Ling manage the affairs of Zhongshu Province, and is the prime minister of Zhongshu Province. Shilang is a kind of Lang official in the Han Dynasty, and he was originally a close attendant of the court. Since the Tang Dynasty, the ministries of Zhongshu, Menxia Province and Shangshu Province have all taken Shilang as the deputy of the chief, and the official position has gradually increased.

History

Shilang was a type of Lang official in the Han Dynasty, and in the Eastern Han Dynasty, Shilang became a subordinate official position of Shangshu. At that time, the emperor of the Eastern Han Dynasty had a secretarial organ called Shangshutai, which was divided into six departments, which was called Liucao at that time. The six Cao respectively set up one Shangshu as the highest official, and set up a squire under them, six for each Cao, a total of 36 people.

And when he was first selected, he was not called a squire, he was called Shoushangshulang, and when he waited for a year, he was called Shangshulang, and after three years, he was called a waiter.

By the time of Wei, the system of three provinces and six ministries was implemented. The three provinces refer to Zhongshu Province, Menxia Province and Shangshu Province. Shangshu Province set up six departments: the Ministry of Rites, the Ministry of Households, the Ministry of Officials, the Ministry of War, the Ministry of Punishment, and the Ministry of Industry.

At this time, Shilang was the deputy of the governors of the various ministries of Zhongshu Province, Menxia Province and Shangshu Province, and it can be seen that the status of Shilang at this time was higher than before.

1. The imperial history of the Ming Dynasty.

It is the head of the speech official, and it is generally a second-rank official. It is equivalent to the current Minister of Supervision.

2. The official name of Zhongcheng is the backbone of the void. Han Dynasty Imperial Historian.

There are two Cheng, one is called Yuye Kai Shi Cheng, and the other is called Yushi Zhongcheng. It is named because of the bad luck in the middle of the palace. In charge of the secretary of the Lantai Atlas, the history of the Assassin of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the history of the Imperial Governor of the Inner Department, the secretary of state, and the impeachment according to the chapter.

The province is an administrative body.

It is not a specific official position.

Equivalent to the current ***.

In the Ming Dynasty, there was no difference between the left prime minister and the left prime minister, and the one who was different from the left and left prime ministers was the right prime minister. The right prime minister refers to the prime minister standing on the emperor's right hand, also known as the main prime minister, and the left prime minister is the prime minister standing on the emperor's left hand, also known as the deputy prime minister, basically the official position of the right prime minister is greater than the left prime minister, and the official position of the left prime minister is greater than the right prime minister during the Ming Dynasty.

The origin of the name Prime Minister.

According to Wen Tianxiang's "Afterword to the Guide" of the Song Dynasty, "during the period of filial piety in the Southern Song Dynasty, the left and right servants were changed to the left and right prime ministers, and the right prime minister and privy envoy were removed."

Background of the creation of the Guidebook Preface.

In the first month of the second year of Emperor Deyou of Song Gong (1276), the Yuan army came to the city of Lin'an. Wen Tianxiang stepped forward and sent an envoy to Yuanying to negotiate. Successfully persuaded the enemy to withdraw its troops. The Yuan army detained Wen Tianxiang and escorted him north on 9 February.

On the night of 29 February, Wen Tianxiang and his entourage escaped in Zhenjiang. He compiled the poems he wrote in the midst of the tribulation into a "guidebook", which was written with a self-preface, and each poem was preceded by a small preface, so the text is called the postscript.

The work functions of Zhongshu Province, Shangshu Province, and Menxia Province are as follows:

1. In order to uphold the will of the monarch, the province of Zhongshu is the highest body in charge of discussing the secret of the hidden auspicious and issuing the emperor's edicts and decrees.

2. Shangshu Province is responsible for the implementation of important national decrees. It is one of the three provinces and six ministries officially established in China from the Sui and Tang dynasties.

3. Menxia Province is the office of the palace attendants, and later the Sui Dynasty and the Tang Dynasty began to formally establish the three provinces and six ministries to become one of the three provinces of Shangshu Province and Zhongshu Province. It is called Menxia Province and began in the Western Jin Dynasty.