How to improve orchard soil? Which soil is best for its growth?

Friends who grow fruit trees may be unfamiliar with the texture of the soil. In fact, it is very simple, it is to classify the soil according to its nature. If the soil texture is not understood, there may be deviations in fertilizer selection and drug selection, which will affect fertilizer efficiency and management.

The organic fertilizer bought in the agricultural material store works very well, and mixing it into the soil can change the permeability of the soil. Some people are accustomed to using liquid organic fertilizer, although it has a good nutritional effect, it is not recommended to use it because it cannot loosen the soil, while ordinary organic fertilizer can loosen the soil near the roots and create better living conditions for the growth of fruit trees.

Through the soil testing formula, scientific improvement. Long-term planting of fruit trees, unclear basic soil parameters, blind fertilization to improve the soil, no goal, no plan, resulting in poor soil quality and substandard fruit yield. Now you can test the soil, be familiar with the basic situation of the soil, and make up what nutrients are missing, so that the soil mineral balance, fertility is vigorous, and the pH value is appropriate, so as to create a good environment for the growth and development of fruit trees, increase yield and improve quality.

According to the texture of the soil, it can be divided into sandy, loam, and clay. These three types of soils have different air permeability and water and fertilizer retention, as well as different fertilization methods and management methods. The texture of the soil in each place is basically fixed, so there is no possibility of soil improvement?

In fact, soil texture can also be changed by artificial means. "Guest soil improvement" transports soil from other places, mixing two types of soil to improve the soil. It is best to choose cooked soil, that is, soil with a surface layer of about 30 cm.

The foreign soil is first exposed to the sun, sterilized, and then mixed. Although the effect is good, it is just too troublesome. To improve soil fertility, through the soil testing formula, what fertilizer is needed, apply more organic fertilizer, such as green manure, wet manure, irrigation fertilizer, compost, especially livestock and poultry manure, pig manure, cattle and sheep manure, chicken and duck manure and other livestock manure.

Increasing the abundance of organic humus is a very important measure to improve soil structure and soil fertility, and it is also the most important way to supplement soil humus.

1.Deep tillage of the soil can improve the soil permeability of the orchard, reduce the bulk density of the soil, and increase the porosity. 2.

Increase the amount of organic fertilizer, increase the amount of land, plant green manure, etc. 3.Deep ploughing between the rows of the countertop, re-applying farmhouse fertilizer, turning over green manure plants, and carrying out reasonable intercropping to deepen the active layer of soil and accelerate soil ripening.

Sandy and clayey soils are suitable for its growth.

The quality of the soil can be improved by turning the soil, fertilizing the soil, and enriching it with some culture soil. Fertile, loose soil is more suitable for growing fruit, and it is also more suitable for the environment of the orchard.

The soil of the fruit tree can be maintained for a period of time, organic fertilizer can be added, and the nutrient solution can be supplemented; Land with sufficient water and soil fertilizer is more suitable for the growth of fruit trees.

Increase the application of organic fertilizer. Increasing the application of organic fertilizer is the fundamental measure to improve the soil properties, after the application of organic fertilizer, the water, fertilizer, gas, heat, bacteria and other factors in the tillage layer are coordinated and unified, not only for the growth of vegetable seedlings roots, stems and leaves to create a temperature, humidity and fertilizer is complete excellent environment, but also can effectively improve soil properties.

How to get rid of bugs in the vegetable field:Common insects in vegetable fields include cabbage worms, red spiders, aphids, and whiteflies. During the maintenance period, if you want to get rid of insects in the vegetable field, you can spray the vegetables.

Spray vegetables with superphosphate, dimethoate, acetamiprid, anti-aphid or imidacloprid and other agents, spray once in 7 10 days, and spray 2 or 3 times in a row to get rid of pests.

If there are fewer insects in the vegetable field and they are in the larval stage, you can prepare an insecticidal solution to remove insects. During the pest control period, you can prepare your own vinegar solution, washing powder, soapy water or cigarette butt water, etc. Spray the prepared solution on the vegetable plants, generally 5 7 days can be sprayed 1 time, 2 3 times after the insect in the vegetable field can be removed.

Dear users, the best way to improve the soil in the vegetable garden is as follows: 1) Sandy soil improvement A large number of river mud and pond mud are applied, a large amount of organic fertilizer is applied after the soil is ploughed, leguminous green manure crops are planted, and the soil is turned into the soil in a timely manner, or multiple rotations with legumes and vegetables. (2) Improvement of barren and clay soils, increase the application of organic fertilizers, or plant crops with deep roots or tolerant of barren and thin soils, and carry out crop rotation, intercropping, and intercropping with vegetables, and return straw to the field.

3) Soil improvement in old vegetable gardens Rational selection of chemical fertilizers, more application of organic fertilizers, directional improvement of soil acidity and alkalinity, planting other crops for crop rotation, timely drainage and irrigation, and maintenance of water and soil. (4) Low-lying saline-alkali soil improvement Combined with deep tillage, a large amount of organic fertilizer is applied, sand and grass are covered, dense planting is implemented, ground evaporation is reduced, salinity is prevented from rising, and crop rotation with other crops can also be planted, or salt-tolerant crops can be planted.

Rational use of chemical fertilizers, increase the input of organic fertilizers, apply beneficial biological fertilizers to the soil, and increase the application of soil conditioners.

Reasonable: What is reasonable, how to do it is reasonable, how much fertilizer to use is the most reasonable, I think no one can be 100% sure of this question! When applying chemical fertilizers, it is necessary to pay attention to the lack of fertilizer in the soil and crops, what is missing, how much is missing, and how much is missing, and can not be over-fertilized for the yield.

It is best to be able to test the soil and fertilize, so that the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium can be more accurately inputted.

Increase the input of organic fertilizers. The fertility of the soil depends on the content of organic matter in the soil, and the application of organic fertilizer can supplement the soil organic matter. Organic fertilizers contain a lot of organic matter and are where various microorganisms grow and breed.

According to the study, the application of organic fertilizer in deep tillage combined with organic fertilizer increased the soil nitrogen-fixing bacteria by nearly double, the fibrolytic bacteria increased by nearly 2 times, and other microbial communities also increased significantly, so the application of organic fertilizer could greatly promote the maturation process of the newly reclaimed land.

Fertilizer of beneficial biological bacteria can be applied to the soil: through the life activities of microorganisms, the ion exchange frequency of soil aggregate structure can be increased, the relative quality of soil can be reduced, so as to increase the contact rate between crops and soil organic matter, and improve the structure of soil. Secondly, microorganisms can form metabolism through life activities, so as to effectively absorb the original harmful substances in the soil and form a new microbial system. This improves the soil environment and reduces soil pathogens.

Increase the application of soil conditioner: Soil conditioner mainly has the special effect of loosening soil, improving soil aggregate structure, and adjusting soil pH! Although soil conditioners have an improvement and conditioning effect on the soil, we must understand what kind of soil it is for when selecting, some are for alkaline soil, some are for acidic soil, and the dosage should be reasonably grasped.

When the soil of the orchard is not good, then we can transplant the new soil from other areas, and the original soil is mixed with the reed, to maintain the fertilizer efficiency of the soil at this stage, and the soil layer of the thickened orchard is thin, so that the fruit trees can digest and absorb nutrients from the new soil, or expand the orchard like the stronger area around it, but it is not possible to do it that way, you can take it for too much time, you can't do it for a long time, because the cost is relatively high, it is also very inconvenient, and it is very easy to get the soil tight. Causes clumping.

This method is very simple, and its actual operation is very simple, that is, there are more requirements for chemical fertilizers, and the cutting time is more wasteful. Mix the organic fertilizer that has been thoroughly mandated with the soil, and bury some dead leaves, wheat straw, etc., which have been sterilized and neat, into the soil, and wait for them to gradually mix with the soil sufficiently to complete the actual effect of soil fattening. Every place needs to be landfilled, not just around the fruit trees, because the overall soil level of the orchard needs to be improved.

Orchards that have been in use for a long time basically have the problem of clumping. The primary factor is that some elements in the soil are digested and absorbed by fruit trees, and cannot wait to be filled, coupled with the trampling of long-term workers on the surface of the soil layer, resulting in the gradual increase of soil viscosity and increasing compactness. At this time, it is necessary to deal with the problem of viscosity, you can mix some sandy soil to improve the natural environment of bacteria in the orchard, so that its viscosity can be lowered according to the way of nature.

The time period of that time is not short, but if it is done well, the biological diversity of the orchard will be much more stable, and the soil fertilizer will have a certain amount of self-recovery, which is a cost-effective and relatively high way.

The orchard is planted for a long time, and there will be more residues of all kinds, although everyone will often remove them, but there will always be some pathogenic bacteria that will remain as a result, and there will be more and more changes over time. In the end, the soil will decline, and all kinds of problems will be born, and the adjustment is basically necessary to carry out a large and medium-sized sterilization of the soil, and the key is for the soil, because the bacteria in the soil are hidden more at this time.

Since there is a problem with the soil, to improve the soil, of course, can not be as simple as before, or directly use a fertilizer gun, to observe the use of organic fertilizer, more loose soil, the land after deep ploughing, shallow ploughing, rotary tillage will change the soil.

It is necessary to add water and fertilizer management, pay attention to observe the soil condition, and turn the soil appropriately to prevent soil compaction.

It is necessary to strengthen the management of water and fertilizer, pay attention to the observation of the soil situation, and also properly turn the soil to prevent soil compaction.

Composting can be carried out, and farmhouse fertilizer can be used to make the soil more fertile and watered reasonably.

1. Guest soil refers to the non-local native soil that is moved from elsewhere to replace the native soil, usually referring to the loam soil (sandy loam soil) or artificial soil with good texture. Soils with undesirable traits not only have low nutrient content, but also uncoordinated water, air and heat conditions, and poor soil biological conditions. In order to provide good soil conditions for fruit trees, especially young fruit trees, light and fertile cultivated soil can be selected, and then mixed with 1 3-1 2 of well-rotted livestock and poultry manure, fully mixed, and mixed into nutrient soil as backfill.

In this way, the soil will become rich in nutrients, with good physical properties and improved biological activity, which is conducive to the survival and growth of young trees. Guest soil has the function of salt isolation and buffering saline-alkali hazards for saline soil.

2. Coverage. In spring and autumn, cover 3-5 cm of crop straw such as broken wheat straw, wheat bran or broken corn straw at 1-2 meters around the tree, which can play a role in salt inhibition, water retention and ground temperature. After straw is tilled and turned, it can be converted into soil organic matter, releasing nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, zinc, iron and other elements, which can reduce soil bulk density, increase soil porosity, improve soil aeration, and facilitate the growth and development of soil organisms.

It is best to cover the mulch film so that its advantages are fully utilized.

3. Increase the application of organic fertilizer. Organic fertilizer is full of nutrients, rich in organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and trace elements, which is very beneficial to soil fertilizer, fertilizer retention, tillage, soil bulk density, soil biology, etc. According to the study, many excellent characteristics of high-yield orchard soil are closely related to its high soil organic matter content.

Increasing the application of organic fertilizer is one of the effective ways to fertilize the soil and overcome the lack of fertilizer, salinity and poor physical and chemical properties of the soil.

4. Balanced fertilization. In view of the lack of fertilizer, poor fertility, nutrient imbalance and salinity in poor soil, combined with the law of fertilizer absorption of fruit trees, the balanced application of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and trace element fertilizers can effectively fertilize the soil, save fertilizer, and improve the quality of fruits.

5. Intercropping green manure. Green manure crops have high yield and good fertilizer efficiency, which can not only increase soil organic matter, improve soil physical and chemical properties, maintain water and soil, but also can be used as fodder and returned to the field. Green manure is easy to cultivate, low cost, and is a high-quality fertilizer source.

Green manure crops such as weeds, herbs, alfalfa, and mung beans are all suitable for orchard intercropping.

6. Increase the application of microbial fertilizer. With the heavy use of chemical fertilizers, it is a well-known fact that their utilization rate is decreasing. This shows that it is limited to increase crop yields by simply increasing the use of chemical fertilizers, not to mention a series of problems such as environmental pollution.

Microbial fertilizers have a unique role to play in solving this problem. Therefore, according to the types of crops and soil conditions in China, the use of microbial fertilizers combined with chemical fertilizers can not only ensure the increase of yield, but also reduce the use of chemical fertilizers, reduce costs, and at the same time improve the quality of soil and crops, and reduce pollution. Beneficial microorganisms in microbial fertilizer can produce carbohydrates, which account for soil organic matter, combined with plant mucilage, mineral embryo body and organic colloid, which can improve the soil aggregate structure, enhance the physical properties of the soil and reduce the loss of soil particles, and under certain conditions, it can also participate in the formation of humus.

Therefore, the application of microbial fertilizer can improve the physical properties of soil and is conducive to improving soil fertility.

According to the different soil textures, orchard soils can be divided into four types.

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According to the different soil textures, the orchard soil can be divided into four types as follows: sandy soil: good aeration and water permeability, crop roots are easy to deepen and develop, soil temperature warming and organic matter mineralization are relatively fast, guarantee water supply performance is poor, easy to drought; Loam:

The aeration permeability is poor, the crop root system is not easy to stretch, the soil temperature rises slowly, the mineralization of organic matter in the soil is also slow, and the water and fertilizer supply capacity of the wheel is strong. Clay: There are large pores and considerable capillary pores, good aeration and water permeability, strong water and fertilizer retention performance, stable soil temperature, small specific surface area of soil particles, small viscosity, good tillage, long tillage period, starting from the growth of a variety of crops. Hope mine can help you <>

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