Why did the Qing army often use battalions as combat units? How many people are there in a battalion

The Qing army often used battalions as combat units, how many people were there in a battalion?

1. A battalion is equipped with about three companies, and the number is about 500 people.

2. Battalion: An army unit, including a command center, an army-level organization composed of several companies, usually subordinate to regiments and brigades, and generally carrying out combat missions within the regiment or brigade formation, and is a high-level tactical detachment.

3. The highest military commander is the battalion commander, who is generally a captain or major. The army is mainly composed of a headquarters and two or more platoon companies, artillery companies or similar units Battalion sentinel officers are also such as: battalion commander; Battalion deputy.

The battalion of the Qing army first originated from the Green Battalion, and later Zeng Guofan used this unit when he organized and trained the Hunan army. And a battalion is not equal in number in different units and different branches of the army.

The battalion of the Green Battalion. According to the records of the "Rules of the Qianlong Dynasty", there were 1,169 battalions in the green camp during the Qianlong period, of which 336 were divided into 336 standard battalions, 6 co-camps in the same city, 44 camps in the same city, 169 sub-defense co-battalions, and 614 sub-defense battalions. The number of people in each battalion ranges from 2 to 700, and the total number of soldiers in the green battalion is 648345.

After the Eight Banners entered the customs, they quickly corrupted, and since the rebellion of the three feudatories, the Green Battalion soldiers have become the main combat force of the Qing army, and more than 400,000 people have participated in the war. Since then, all the campaigns have been dominated by the Green Battalion, but with the passage of time, the Green Battalion has gradually slackened, and the combat effectiveness has become worse and worse, and by the time of the White Lotus Rebellion in the Jiaqing period, the performance of the Green Battalion was unsatisfactory.

By the time of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, the Green Battalion was even more vulnerable, and since then it has been gradually eliminated and successively reorganized into patrol battalions, mainly responsible for the security work of the garrison city, similar to the police, rather than the army.

The battalion of the Hunan army. During the Taiping Rebellion, both the Eight Banners Army and the Green Battalion were rotten and unable to fight. Xianfeng had to order all localities to organize their own training of bravery, and Zeng Guofan therefore organized and trained the Hunan army.

The establishment of the Hunan army is also based on battalions, and it is divided into three types: infantry teams, horse teams, and naval divisions. Each battalion of the infantry team has 4 sentry posts, 8 sentry teams, plus 6 teams of battalion officers and soldiers, so that a battalion is 38 teams, which are equipped with mountain splitting guns, knives and spears, carrying guns, bird guns, etc., a total of 505 people, in addition to 180 long-term husbands.

Each battalion of the horse team has 5 sentry posts and 10 sentry sentry sentry jurisdictions, with a total of 511 people in one battalion and 81 long-term men.

The battalion of the Huai army. Small station battalion of the new army.

When Yuan Shikai was ordered to train the new army at the small station, he also adopted the battalion as the basic unit, and the battalion was set up with wings. However, the establishment of a battalion of the new army is much larger than in the past, taking the infantry battalion as an example, each battalion has four teams, each team has three sentry posts, each sentry has six sheds, and each shed has 15 regular soldiers and 2 long men. A total of 1,128 men per battalion, almost the same as the previous two battalions.

The Qing army often used battalions as combat units, how many people were there in a battalion?

In the fourth year of Tongzhi in the Qing Dynasty (1865), the Yongying system represented by Hunan and Huai replaced the original eight banners and green battalions of the Qing Dynasty, and became the pillar of the Qing Dynasty at that time, and their appearance was related to the movement of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom in full swing.

In 1853, the Hunan army was established, in 1858, Li Hongzhang entered the Zeng State Domain, to help Zeng Guofan Xiang to run the affairs of the Hunan army, in 1861 the Hunan army set the next goal - Tianjing, but Zeng Guofan's Hunan army was really unable to "return to normal", so Zuo Zongtang and Li Hongzhang shared his sorrows, Zuo Zongtang led part of the Hunan army into Zhejiang to fight, Li Hongzhang was the governor of Jiangsu, but Zeng Guofan had no Hunan soldiers to send, so Li Hongzhang recruited his own soldiers, so Huaiyong began to establish in this case, The Huai Army is not only a product of the Tianping Heavenly Kingdom Movement, but also a supplement to the strength of the Hunan Army, Li Hongzhang was only a commander of the Hunan Army at the beginning, but with the progress of the war and the promotion of his position, he also changed from the commander of the Hunan Army to the commander of the Huai Army, and the Huai Army began to be controlled only by him.

At the beginning of the establishment of the Huai Army, because of the law of governing the army of Zeng Guofan, Li Hongzhang copied the Hunan army system in a full set, and there are historical records: Zeng Guofan "set the law of the army, the use of equipment, and the number of salaries and grains" for the Huai army. The two generals are like a family", so the battalion system is the same as that of the two armies in Hunan and Huai, the army is a battalion system, each battalion has 500 people, 1 battalion officer, 4 sentry officers, respectively, the front, rear, left and right four sentinels, the sentry has a team, the captain is the chief, the battalion firearms 120 rods, and the rest are cold weapons.

In the military system, the selection of soldiers and soldiers are personally responsible for the battalion officers and sentry officers, if you want to build a camp, first select the battalion officers, then the battalion officers will select the sentry officers, the sentry officers will select the chief, and then the commander will select the brave man, this kind of system will make the connection within the army become closer, taking Li Hongzhang's Huai Army as an example, at first Li Hongzhang only selected Zhang Shusheng, Pan Dingxin, Liu Mingchuan, Wu Changqing four battalion officers, and then they themselves recruited soldiers according to the system, so the tree word battalion, the Ding word battalion, the inscription battalion, and the Qingzi battalion became the original "four battalions" of the Huai ArmyLater, the number of battalions increased again, and later the Huai army had only 6,500 people when they went out, but it expanded to more than 70,000 in just two years.

This kind of military system allows the interests of officers and soldiers to be firmly linked to their superiors, Li Hongzhang sits firmly in a high position because of the Huai Army, and the officers and soldiers gain tangible benefits because of Li Hongzhang; in short, out of this system, no one knows them, and no one gives him food and salary, so this system at that time made the Huai Army basically become Li Hongzhang's family soldiers.

This is the reason why the battalion was used as a combat unit in the late Qing Dynasty, and Li Hongzhang's Huai Army was the predecessor of the new army of the Qing Dynasty, and the controller of the new army was Yuan Shikai.

The Qing army often used battalions as combat units, how many people were there in a battalion?

The army is a battalion system, with 500 people in each battalion, 1 battalion officer, 4 sentry officers, respectively, four sentry posts in the front, rear, left and right, and a team under the sentry is set up, the captain is the chief, 120 firearms in the battalion, and the rest are cold weapons.

In the military system, battalion officers and sentry officers are personally responsible for the selection of soldiers, and if you want to build a camp, you must first select the battalion officers, then the battalion officers will select the sentry officers, and the sentry officers will select the commanders, and then the commanders will select the brave men.

Under normal circumstances, a battalion is 500 people, but in fact there are not so many people, that is, the officers recruit fewer people and report more people, and the military ring is collected according to 500 people, in fact, there are only more than 400 people.

The battalion system is the same as that of the two armies of Hunan and Huai, the army is a battalion system, with 500 people per battalion, 1 battalion officer, 4 sentry officers, respectively, four sentry posts in the front, rear, left and right, and a team under the sentry, the captain is the chief, 120 firearms in the battalion, and the rest are cold weapons.

Because it is easier to manage in battalions, and the number of people is relatively small, it is possible to better know the state of the army. At that time, a battalion numbered about 500 men.

Because although the Eight Banners of the Qing Dynasty were the main army, there were only 60,000 people, and the main combat force was the Green Battalion, which was based on battalions, with 200-300 people in one battalion.

The middle battalion of the Qing army was a relatively small unit, which was easy to manage, and usually a battalion had several hundred people.

The battalion is small in size, has strong mobility capability, is relatively reasonable in hierarchical control, and has strong combat capability, with a battalion of about 1,000 people.

The military system of the Qing Dynasty can be roughly divided into two categories: banner soldiers and Han soldiers. The flag soldiers were the primitive military system before the Qing Dynasty entered the customs, and the Han soldiers could be divided into the green battalion, the village warrior and the new army. The green battalion is the Qing Dynasty in the war to unify the whole country to recruit the Ming army and other Han soldiers, with reference to the old system of the Ming army, with the battalion as the basic unit to form, with the green flag as the symbol, called the green battalion.

The number of soldiers in the green battalion ranged from two or three hundred to six or seven hundred. In the early and middle Qing Dynasty, the Green Battalion was the main military force of the Qing Dynasty, and played an important role in quelling the rebellion of the three feudatories and in all wars before the middle of the Qianlong Dynasty. In the War to pacify the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, the Green Battalion was defeated repeatedly and finally withdrew from the stage of history.

After the Opium War in 1840, the Eight Banners and the Green Battalion were too corrupt to use. In 1851, when the Taiping Revolution broke out, the Qing court ordered all provinces to hold group exercises"Assist in the suppression", Zeng Guofan's Hunan army, Li Hongzhang's Huai army, and Zuo Zongtang's Chu army all belong to the Xiangyong sequence. The township brave army has a system of setting camp posts, and the food and salary are taken from the government, and the soldiers must be called by themselves, and the generals must be self-selected, and the training and command are autonomous, and the grain and straw salaries are self-raised.

The township brave army takes the battalion as the basic unit, and each battalion has about 500 people. The Xiangyong Army played a great role in the pacification of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, the Twist Army, and the Shaanxi-Gansu Rebellion, but was defeated in the First Sino-Japanese Naval Battle and was gradually replaced by the new army.

In 1894, the Qing Dynasty suffered a crushing defeat in the First Sino-Japanese War, and the Hunan army, the Huai army, the defense army, and the training army were corrupt and useless one after another, so there were others"New Army"、"Self-improvement army"Instead. Because of its first-class equipment, the purchase of foreign guns and foreign artillery, and the establishment and training of imitation of Western armies, it is called the new army. The new army takes the town as the basic unit, and each town has a quota of 12,512 officers and soldiers, which is composed of Tongbi infan, horse, artillery, engineering, and baggage.

Each army of the new army has two towns, each town has 2 associations, each association has 2 standards, each standard has 3 battalions, each battalion has 4 teams, and each team has three platoons, so a battalion of the new army has about 1,042 people.

By the time of the fall of the Qing Dynasty in 1907, the whole country had trained 16 towns of the New Army and 16 mixed associations (14 towns and 18 mixed associations), of which the equipment and training were the best in Yuan Shikai's six towns in Beiyang, all over Zhili, Shandong and Northeast China. The new army of the Qing Dynasty became mostly the Beiyang Army and partly the Revolutionary Army, and the New Army was the main military force that overthrew the Qing Dynasty.

The Qing army often used the battalion as a land combat unit, how many people were there in a stupid battalion?

The Qing army often used battalions as combat units, how many people were there in a battalion?