Why did the battalion often be used as a combat unit after the Qing army entered the customs?

Because the number of Qing troops was relatively small when they entered the customs, and the control of the battalion as a combat unit could allow the army to have better cooperative combat capabilities, they arranged it in this way.

Because not all the soldiers in the Qing army were conscripted, it can be said that the Qing army could be divided into several organizations, so it is also convenient to manage them separately to form camps.

I think this is not only easy to manage, but also more formal, and the most important thing is that it is more sequential.

Before the Qing army entered the customs, the total number of Manchurian Eight Banner Cattle Records was 318, and the standard of one Niu Lu was 300 people, but a large number of Niu Lu was not enough to be recruited, and 100 people could also be compiled into a Niu Lu. Before entering the customs, there were more than 55,330 people in the Eight Banners of Manchuria, and even if the whole army did not leave a single man, the total number of the Eight Banners of Manchuria could only be about 50,000.

Look at the Mongolian Eight Banners again. The Mongolian Eight Banners are different from the Manchurian Eight Banners, and their standard cattle records are about 200 people, and there are a large number of cattle records with only 100 people, or even less than 100 people - called "half Niu Lu" (the Manchu army also has a "half Niu Lu" establishment, and there is still a commander). Before entering the customs, there were Niu Lu in the Eight Banners of Mongolia, with a total of more than 28,780 people, and even if there was no man left, the total strength of the Mongolian Eight Banners Army was less than 30,000.

1. When the Qing army entered the customs, the number of soldiers was 180,000, claimed to be 200,000, and the maximum number of dependents and servants was 1 million.

2. Establishment and development of each flag.

By 1644 (the seventeenth year of Chongzhen of the Ming Dynasty, the first year of Shunzhi of the Qing Dynasty), the Qing army entered the customs, with 7,500 people per banner, a total of 8 3 = 24 banners, and a total of 180,000 people in eight banners.

In the year of Fushun Xinbin Hetuala City (Wanli 29 years), the Qing Dynasty Taizu Nurhachi set up four flags: yellow, white, red, and black.

Year Fushun Xinbin Hetuara City (the first year of the Mandate of Heaven) Qing Taizu Nurhachi.

The four flags were changed to: yellow, white, red, and blue. At the same time, four flags are added, namely: yellow, white, red, and blue.

In the year of Shengjing, Shenyang (9th year of Tiancong), Emperor Taizong of the Qing Dynasty expanded the Mongolian Eight Banners.

Year. Shengjing Shenyang (Chongde 2 years) Emperor Taiji of the Qing Dynasty established two banners of the Han army: Zhenghuang and inlaid yellow.

Year. Shengjing Shenyang (Chongde 4 years) Emperor Taiji of the Qing Dynasty expanded the Han army into four banners, which were white and inlaid white.

Year. Shengjing, Shenyang (Chongde 8 years), Emperor Taizong of the Qing Dynasty, Taiji, expanded the Han army into eight banners.

Total: 8 3 = 24 flags, 24 flags 7500 people flag = 180,000 people.

Dolgon commanded 120,000 Eight Banners Army into the customs, the 120,000 people, including the Manchu army of only 70,000, the Han army 10,000, the Mongolian army 10,000, after the capital of Beijing, within a year to recruit more than 400,000 Ming troops from all walks of life, the Eight Banners soldiers in the war of attrition with Li Zicheng's 500,000 troops ** quite a lot, to Duoduo after the Hongguang regime, the Manchu army attrition of nearly 20,000, at that time the country's Manchu soldiers were only 55,000 people (including the disabled), the Eight Banners began to retreat to the second line, half of the Manchu army was arranged in Beijing, called the Eight Banners in Beijing, Half of them are located in the provincial capitals or strategic points of the provinces, called the garrison of the Eight Banners. The Manchu army in Beijing was about 28,000 people, and the Manchu army in various places was about 27,000 people.

The garrison of the Eight Banners of the Qing Dynasty in Jiangnan was as follows: General Jiang Ning was stationed in Nanjing, commanding 6,300 Eight Banner soldiers, including about 4,000 Manchu troops, General Hangzhou was stationed in Hangzhou, commanding 3,900 Eight Banner soldiers, including about 2,000 Manchu troops, and General Fuzhou was stationed in Fuzhou, commanding 2,800 Eight Banner soldiers, including about 1,500 Manchu troops. Jiangnan and Fujian garrisoned a total of 3 Eight Banner soldiers, with a total of more than 13,000 people, of which more than half were Manchu troops, about 7 to 8,000 people.

At that time, the total number of Qing troops in Jiangnan was about 20 to 300,000, and those who carried out large-scale military operations were basically these green battalion soldiers who surrendered from the Ming army.

The main force of the Qing army's Manchu, Mongolian, and Han Eight Banners and the troops of Kong Youde, Shang Kexi, and Geng Zhongming, there are a total of 180,000 people, and there are 50,000 "Guanning Iron Cavalry" of Wu Sangui! That's all there should be, that's what history says! As for the country, Li Zicheng has almost 100,000 peasant troops!

The battalion of the Qing army first originated from the Green Battalion, and later Zeng Guofan used this unit when he organized and trained the Hunan army. And a battalion is not equal in number in different units and different branches of the army.

The battalion of the Green Battalion. According to the records of the "Rules of the Qianlong Dynasty", there were 1,169 battalions in the green camp during the Qianlong period, of which 336 were divided into 336 standard battalions, 6 co-camps in the same city, 44 camps in the same city, 169 sub-defense co-battalions, and 614 sub-defense battalions. The number of people in each battalion ranges from 2 to 700, and the total number of soldiers in the green battalion is 648345.

After the Eight Banners entered the customs, they quickly corrupted, and since the rebellion of the three feudatories, the Green Battalion soldiers have become the main combat force of the Qing army, and more than 400,000 people have participated in the war. Since then, all the campaigns have been dominated by the Green Battalion, but with the passage of time, the Green Battalion has gradually slackened, and the combat effectiveness has become worse and worse, and by the time of the White Lotus Rebellion in the Jiaqing period, the performance of the Green Battalion was unsatisfactory.

By the time of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, the Green Battalion was even more vulnerable, and since then it has been gradually eliminated and successively reorganized into patrol battalions, mainly responsible for the security work of the garrison city, similar to the police, rather than the army.

The battalion of the Hunan army. During the Taiping Rebellion, both the Eight Banners Army and the Green Battalion were rotten and unable to fight. Xianfeng had to order all localities to organize their own training of bravery, and Zeng Guofan therefore organized and trained the Hunan army.

The establishment of the Hunan army is also based on battalions, and it is divided into three types: infantry teams, horse teams, and naval divisions. Each battalion of the infantry team has 4 sentry posts, 8 sentry teams, plus 6 teams of battalion officers and soldiers, so that a battalion is 38 teams, which are equipped with mountain splitting guns, knives and spears, carrying guns, bird guns, etc., a total of 505 people, in addition to 180 long-term husbands.

Each battalion of the horse team has 5 sentry posts and 10 sentry sentry sentry jurisdictions, with a total of 511 people in one battalion and 81 long-term men.

The battalion of the Huai army. Small station battalion of the new army.

When Yuan Shikai was ordered to train the new army at the small station, he also adopted the battalion as the basic unit, and the battalion was set up with wings. However, the establishment of a battalion of the new army is much larger than in the past, taking the infantry battalion as an example, each battalion has four teams, each team has three sentry posts, each sentry has six sheds, and each shed has 15 regular soldiers and 2 long men. A total of 1,128 men per battalion, almost the same as the previous two battalions.

The Qing army often used battalions as combat units, how many people were there in a battalion?

In the fourth year of Tongzhi in the Qing Dynasty (1865), the Yongying system represented by Hunan and Huai replaced the original eight banners and green battalions of the Qing Dynasty, and became the pillar of the Qing Dynasty at that time, and their appearance was related to the movement of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom in full swing.

In 1853, the Hunan army was established, in 1858, Li Hongzhang entered the Zeng State Domain, to help Zeng Guofan Xiang to run the affairs of the Hunan army, in 1861 the Hunan army set the next goal - Tianjing, but Zeng Guofan's Hunan army was really unable to "return to normal", so Zuo Zongtang and Li Hongzhang shared his sorrows, Zuo Zongtang led part of the Hunan army into Zhejiang to fight, Li Hongzhang was the governor of Jiangsu, but Zeng Guofan had no Hunan soldiers to send, so Li Hongzhang recruited his own soldiers, so Huaiyong began to establish in this case, The Huai Army is not only a product of the Tianping Heavenly Kingdom Movement, but also a supplement to the strength of the Hunan Army, Li Hongzhang was only a commander of the Hunan Army at the beginning, but with the progress of the war and the promotion of his position, he also changed from the commander of the Hunan Army to the commander of the Huai Army, and the Huai Army began to be controlled only by him.

At the beginning of the establishment of the Huai Army, because of the law of governing the army of Zeng Guofan, Li Hongzhang copied the Hunan army system in a full set, and there are historical records: Zeng Guofan "set the law of the army, the use of equipment, and the number of salaries and grains" for the Huai army. The two generals are like a family", so the battalion system is the same as that of the two armies in Hunan and Huai, the army is a battalion system, each battalion has 500 people, 1 battalion officer, 4 sentry officers, respectively, the front, rear, left and right four sentinels, the sentry has a team, the captain is the chief, the battalion firearms 120 rods, and the rest are cold weapons.

In the military system, the selection of soldiers and soldiers are personally responsible for the battalion officers and sentry officers, if you want to build a camp, first select the battalion officers, then the battalion officers will select the sentry officers, the sentry officers will select the chief, and then the commander will select the brave man, this kind of system will make the connection within the army become closer, taking Li Hongzhang's Huai Army as an example, at first Li Hongzhang only selected Zhang Shusheng, Pan Dingxin, Liu Mingchuan, Wu Changqing four battalion officers, and then they themselves recruited soldiers according to the system, so the tree word battalion, the Ding word battalion, the inscription battalion, and the Qingzi battalion became the original "four battalions" of the Huai ArmyLater, the number of battalions increased again, and later the Huai army had only 6,500 people when they went out, but it expanded to more than 70,000 in just two years.

This kind of military system allows the interests of officers and soldiers to be firmly linked to their superiors, Li Hongzhang sits firmly in a high position because of the Huai Army, and the officers and soldiers gain tangible benefits because of Li Hongzhang; in short, out of this system, no one knows them, and no one gives him food and salary, so this system at that time made the Huai Army basically become Li Hongzhang's family soldiers.

This is the reason why the battalion was used as a combat unit in the late Qing Dynasty, and Li Hongzhang's Huai Army was the predecessor of the new army of the Qing Dynasty, and the controller of the new army was Yuan Shikai.

The Qing army often used battalions as combat units, how many people were there in a battalion?

The army is a battalion system, with 500 people in each battalion, 1 battalion officer, 4 sentry officers, respectively, four sentry posts in the front, rear, left and right, and a team under the sentry is set up, the captain is the chief, 120 firearms in the battalion, and the rest are cold weapons.

In the military system, battalion officers and sentry officers are personally responsible for the selection of soldiers, and if you want to build a camp, you must first select the battalion officers, then the battalion officers will select the sentry officers, and the sentry officers will select the commanders, and then the commanders will select the brave men.

Under normal circumstances, a battalion is 500 people, but in fact there are not so many people, that is, the officers recruit fewer people and report more people, and the military ring is collected according to 500 people, in fact, there are only more than 400 people.

The battalion system is the same as that of the two armies of Hunan and Huai, the army is a battalion system, with 500 people per battalion, 1 battalion officer, 4 sentry officers, respectively, four sentry posts in the front, rear, left and right, and a team under the sentry, the captain is the chief, 120 firearms in the battalion, and the rest are cold weapons.

The Qing army often used battalions as combat units, how many people were there in a battalion?

Because it is easier to manage in battalions, and the number of people is relatively small, it is possible to better know the state of the army. At that time, a battalion numbered about 500 men.

Because although the Eight Banners of the Qing Dynasty were the main army, there were only 60,000 people, and the main combat force was the Green Battalion, which was based on battalions, with 200-300 people in one battalion.

The middle battalion of the Qing army was a relatively small unit, which was easy to manage, and usually a battalion had several hundred people.

The battalion is small in size, has strong mobility capability, is relatively reasonable in hierarchical control, and has strong combat capability, with a battalion of about 1,000 people.