Briefly describe the main steps of sulfuric acid production and the purpose of each step

Production of sulfuric acid.

First of all, the production of chemicals is very different from the production of other industrial products. Chemicals are not produced using machine tools and precision equipment, but using a variety of pipelines and reactors. The process is somewhat similar to a fully automatic stir-fry and porridge.

Sulfuric acid is a typical inorganic bulk chemical. Its production is based on a simple chemical reaction of a cheap substance containing specific elements as a raw material.

Get the product. Due to the large scale of production, there are high requirements in engineering.

The reaction formula is as follows.

Formula] formula].

For the production of sulfuric acid, the raw materials are sulfur-containing substances, including sulfur element, hydrogen sulfide.

sulfur-containing metal minerals, etc. These substances are oxidized to produce sulfur dioxide.

After mixing with air, it is further oxidized under the action of a catalyst to form sulfur trioxide.

Sulfur trioxide is concentrated with sulfuric acid.

Absorb the resulting product. The last step of absorption here is very interesting, originally according to the reaction formula (water and sulfur trioxide to produce sulfuric acid) can be absorbed by water, but due to the vapor pressure of water.

If it is too high, it will produce a large amount of gas-phase substances and reduce the absorption efficiency, so it is absorbed with diluted concentrated sulfuric acid. A small amount of water in concentrated sulfuric acid reacts with sulfur trioxide to absorb it, and after absorption, the water content in the liquid decreases, resulting in a higher concentration of sulfuric acid. The sulfuric acid produced is divided into two parts, one part is exported directly as a raw material, and the other part is diluted and the concentration is reduced to start the next round of absorption.

This enables efficient and continuous production.

The important reaction equipment in this production process includes: reactors (oxidation reactors, catalytic oxidation reactors, absorption towers) and many pipelines, heat exchangers, water pumps, storage tanks, valves, etc. Pipelines, storage tanks and other equipment can be imagined from the name.

Heat exchangers are usually specially designed piping systems. An oxidation reactor is a furnace that oxidizes the elements of sulfur, as an example, you can refer to the boiling roaster interactive encyclopedia. The catalytic oxidation reactor is usually a fixed-bed reactor, which is equipped with a solid catalyst substance on the sieve plate, and the gas obtained in the previous step flows through the catalyst from above and reacts, and is discharged from below.

An absorption tower is a hollow device that allows gases and liquids to enter and come into contact from both directions, there are a number of different designs, you can refer to the absorption tower encyclopedia. Due to the large scale of production, some of these devices can reach several meters in size.

Brief description of sulfuric acid production process.

This project adopts the contact sulfuric acid production process using pyrite as raw material. Its main processes include pyrite roasting, furnace gas purification, gas drying, sulfur dioxide conversion and sulfur trioxide absorption. The basic process flow chart is as follows:

1-boiling roaster; 2-air blower; 3-waste heat boiler; 4-cyclone dust collector; 5-venturi; 6-foam tower; 7-electric mist eliminator; 8-drying tower; 9-circulating tank and acid pump; 10-acid cooler; 11-sulfur dioxide blower; 12,13,15,16 - gas heat exchanger; 14-converter; 17-an intermediate absorption tower; 18-final absorption tower; 19-circulating tank and acid pump; 20-acid cooler.

The main step is to calcine sulfur or sulfur-containing ore to produce sulfur dioxide, collect sulfur dioxide to form sulfur trioxide in a catalyst environment, and then absorb sulfur trioxide with water to produce sulfuric acid.

Sulfur or pyrite is first burned or roasted in air to obtain sulfur dioxide gas. The oxidation of sulfur dioxide to sulfur trioxide is key to the production of sulfuric acid.

The first step is to produce SO2, which is commonly used in pyrite, sulfur combustion and SO2 exhaust gas in some metallurgical industries.

4FeS2+11O2=2Fe2O3+4So2S+O2=SO2 (both conditions are ignited).

The second step is to purify sulfur dioxide to remove the soot produced due to combustion, especially metallurgical exhaust gases, and SO2 produced by pyrite combustion.

The third step is to dry the SO2 to prepare for the conversion of SO2, and concentrated sulfuric acid is commonly used.

The fourth step, conversion, converts SO2 into SO3, which is commonly used as a catalytic method.

SO2 + O2 = SO3 (condition is catalyst).

The fifth step is to absorb and form oleum, SO3 + H20 = H2SO4

The raw materials for the production of sulfuric acid by industrial production method include sulfur, pyrite, non-ferrous metal smelting flue gas, gypsum, hydrogen sulfide, sulfur dioxide and waste sulfuric acid. Lizhilu sulfur, pyrite and smelting flue gas are the three main raw materials.

Sulfuric acid is widely used in various industrial sectors, mainly in the fertilizer industry, metallurgical industry, petroleum industry, machinery industry, pharmaceutical industry, detergent production, military industry, atomic energy industry and aerospace industry.

Sulfuric acid is also used in the production of dyes, pesticides, chemical fibers, plastics, coatings, and a variety of basic organic and inorganic chemical products.

Industrial production of sulfuric acid is generally based on different raw materials, the production process of sulfuric acid is different, the equipment is also different, the raw materials are generally pyrite, sulfur, non-ferrous metal smelting gas, gypsum, etc., a pyrite as an example, the process of producing sulfuric acid is generally divided into three stages.

Stage 1: Manufacture of sulfur dioxide furnace gas.

Roasting pyrite, in which iron sulfide (FeS2) reacts with oxygen in the air to produce sulfur dioxide gas.

This process takes place in a boiling furnace, and the gas that comes out of the boiling furnace is called furnace gas, which contains sulfur dioxide, oxygen, nitrogen, water vapor and other impurities. Water vapor and impurities are harmful to both the equipment and the next oxidation reaction, so the furnace gas must be purified and dried.

Stage 2: Catalytic oxidation of sulfur dioxide.

After purification and drying, the furnace gas (mainly sulfur dioxide, oxygen, nitrogen, etc.) enters the converter equipped with a catalyst, and the sulfur dioxide and oxygen undergo a redox reaction on the surface of the catalyst (vanadium pentoxide) to produce sulfur trioxide gas.

This process is considered from the two aspects of rate and conversion rate, and the reaction is carried out under the conditions of atmospheric pressure and temperature control of 400 -500.

Stage 3: Sulfur trioxide absorption.

3) The sulfur trioxide coming out of the converter enters the absorption tower and reacts with water to form sulfuric acid.

In order to prevent the formation of acid mist, this process cannot be absorbed directly with water, but is absorbed with concentrated sulfuric acid in the absorption tower.

Industrial sulfuric acid is an oily liquid, which generally looks colorless and transparent, the density of sulfuric acid is greater than that of water, and it releases a lot of heat when dissolved in water; It is strongly corrosive and dehydrating. It is mainly divided into concentrated sulfuric acid, dilute sulfuric acid, oleum sulfuric acid, liquid sulfur trioxide, battery sulfuric acid, etc., and also produces high-concentration oleum sulfuric acid, liquid sulfur dioxide, ammonium sulfite and other products. Industrial sulfuric acid is divided into concentrated sulfuric acid and oleum.

High school chemistry, the simple process of industrial preparation of sulfuric acid, hurry up and follow me to see.

Hello, dear <>

According to the questions you provide, we will find the following for you, sulfuric acid production is one of the important links in the modern chemical production process, and controlling process parameters is essential to improve production efficiency and product quality. The following are the technical measures for the control of process parameters in the production of sulfuric acid:1

Determine the appropriate reaction temperature. The reaction temperature of sulfuric acid production is generally between 200-300, and too high or too low will affect the reaction rate and product quality, so it is necessary to determine the appropriate reaction temperature according to the actual situation. 2.

Control reaction pressure. Reaction pressure also has a significant impact on sulfuric acid production, and in general it affects the reaction rate and the purity of the product, so it is necessary to control the reaction pressure within the appropriate range. 3.

Control the air flow. The production of sulfuric acid requires a large amount of oxygen to participate in the reaction, so it is necessary to control the air flow in the stove to ensure the normal operation of the reaction. 4.

Control the ratio of reactive materials. The production of sulfuric acid requires a reasonable ratio of sulfur and oxygen, otherwise the reaction rate and product quality will be affected. 5.

Add additives. In the sulfuric acid production process, the addition of appropriate additives can improve the reaction rate and product quality. Through the implementation of the above technical measures, the process parameters of sulfuric acid production can be effectively controlled, and the production efficiency and product quality can be improved.

Hello, the following are some technical measures to control the process parameters: 1. Temperature control: Controlling the temperature in the reactor is one of the important factors to ensure the production of sulfuric acid.

Proper temperature control can increase reaction rates and yields, while avoiding equipment damage and wasted energy due to excessive temperatures. 2. Concentration control and control: the control of sulfuric acid concentration and draft absolute degree in the reactor is also very important.

Concentrations that are too high or too low can affect yield and quality. By controlling the amount of raw materials added and the reaction time, reasonable control of concentration can be achieved. 3. Flow control:

The flow of gases and liquids in the reactor also needs to be tightly controlled. Too high or too low a flow rate can affect the reaction rate and yield, as well as the stability and safety of the equipment. 4. Pressure control

The pressure in the reactor also needs to be controlled within a certain range. Too high or too low a pressure can affect the reaction rate and yield, as well as the stability and safety of the equipment. <>

Answer: Dear! I've found it for you:

There are five kinds of technical measures to control the process parameters of sulfuric acid production:1Temperature control:

In the production of sulphuric acid, temperature is a very important parameter. In the process of sulfuric acid production, the reaction temperature needs to be controlled to ensure the stability and efficiency of the reaction in order to balance the combustion. The reaction temperature is usually controlled by water cooling or air cooling.

2.Concentration control: Concentration is also a very important parameter in the production of sulfuric acid.

The concentration of the reaction solution needs to be controlled to ensure the stability and efficiency of the reaction. Water or acid is usually added to control the concentration of the reaction solution. 3.

Gas flow control: Gas flow is also a very important parameter in the production of sulfuric acid. The flow of oxygen and sulfur dioxide needs to be controlled to ensure the stability and efficiency of the reaction.

A flow meter is usually used to control the flow of gases. 4.Pressure control:

Pressure is also a very important parameter in the production of sulfuric acid. The pressure of the reactor needs to be controlled to ensure the stability and efficiency of the reaction. Usually the pressure sensor is used to control the pressure of the reactor.

5.Level control: The level is also a very important parameter in the production of sulfuric acid.

The level of the reactor needs to be controlled to ensure the stability and efficiency of the reaction. A level sensor is usually used to control the level of the reactor. Kiss!

I hope my answer helps! <>