Basic Characteristics of Information 5, Basic Characteristics of Information

There are ten basic characteristics of information:

Measurable. Information can be measured in a unit of measurement and encoded. Binary as used by modern computers.

Recognizable. Information can be grasped in a variety of ways, such as visual identification, comparative identification and indirect identification.

Convertible. Information can be transformed from one form to another. For example, natural information can be converted into forms such as language, words and images, and can also be converted into electromagnetic signals and computers**.

Storable. Information can be stored. The brain is a natural memory of information. Text, photography, audio and video recordings, and computer memory invented by human beings can all be used for information storage.

Manageable. The human brain is the best information processor. The thinking function of the human brain can carry out a variety of information processing activities such as decision-making, design, research, writing, improvement, invention, and creation. Computers also have information processing capabilities.

Transitive. The transmission of information is carried out simultaneously with the transmission of matter and energy. Language, expressions, movements, newspapers, books, radio, television, etc. are commonly used by human beings to transmit information.

Renewable. Once the information has been processed, it can be regenerated in other forms. For example, natural information can be generated by means of language or graphics after manual processing. Various data and text and other information can be input into the computer, and the information can be generated by displaying, printing, drawing, etc.

Compressible. Information can be compressed, and the same thing can be described with different amounts of information. People often describe the main characteristics of a thing with as little information as possible.

Available. Information has a certain degree of effectiveness and availability.

Shareable. Information is diffuse and therefore shareable.

The characteristics of information are dependence, value, timeliness, sharing, and transmission.

1. Dependency (information must be manifested by adhering to a certain medium);

2. Value (information can meet people's needs in some aspects);

3. Timeliness (information will change with the change of objective things);

4. Shareability (a piece of information can be shared by multiple points);

5. Transitivity (the transmissibility of information breaks the limitations of time and space).

Origin of the name of the message:

The word "information" is "information" in English, French, German, and Spanish, and "intelligence" in Japanese. It first appeared as a scientific term in Hartley's 1928 article "The Transfer of Information.

In the 40s of the 20th century, Shannon, the founder of information, gave a clear definition of information, and since then many researchers have given different definitions from their respective fields of study.

Characteristics of the information.

1) Recognizability.

Information can be recognized, and recognition can be divided into direct recognition and indirect recognition, direct recognition refers to recognition through the senses, and indirect recognition refers to identification through various testing means. Different sources of information have different ways to identify them.

2) Storability.

Information can be stored in a variety of ways.

3) Scalability.

Information will continue to expand over time.

4) Compressibility.

People can condense and condense information by processing, sorting, generalizing, and summarizing.

5) Deliverability.

The communicability of information is the essential equivalence of information.

6) Convertibility.

Information can be transformed from one form to another.

7) Specific Scope Validity.

Information is valid within a specific scope, otherwise it is invalid.

Transmissibility, sharing, attachment to the carrier, processability.

Transitivity, sharing, dependency and processability, value relativity.

Value, timeliness, transitivity, processability, service, sharing, value-added.

1.Information is everywhere.

2.Carrier dependency.

3.Value.

4.Timeliness.

5.Shareability.

6.Processability.

Carrier dependency. Shareability. deliverability; Value. relativity of value; authenticity; Universality; Processability. Timeliness.

Characteristics of the information.

1. Dependency. Matter is a concrete, tangible resource; And information is an abstract, intangible resource. Information must be attached to a material carrier, and only a carrier with a certain amount of energy can transmit it.

Information cannot exist independently of matter and energy. News information cannot be reflected without facts, language, and newspaper layouts that have a certain time and space.

2. Reproducibility. Material and energy resources are reduced as long as they are used; However, the information is constantly expanding, regenerating, and never running out. In today's world, on the one hand, there is an "energy crisis" and a "water crisis", and on the other hand, there is a "surge in information".

3. Deliverability. If there is no transmission, there is no information. There are many ways to transmit information, such as oral language, body language, hand-copied text, printed text, telecommunication signals, etc.

4. Shelvability. Information may be stored for other purposes or for use by others. There are various means of storing information, such as human brain, computer memory, writing, printing, microfilming, video recording, photographing, audio recording, etc.

5. Shrinkability. People summarize and synthesize a large amount of information, which is information condensation. For example, summaries, reports, proposals, news reports, experience, knowledge, etc. are all refined after collecting a large amount of information.

Microfilms, optical discs, etc., are modern technologies for condensing and storing information.

6. Shareability. Information is different from material resources. It can be transferred and shared by everyone. The more scientific and social norms the information, the more it is shared. News and information can only have a universal effect if it is highly shared.

7. Availability. That is, to derive the form of future information from current information. Information is a pre-reflection of reality and reflects the development trend of things. This is where the value of information lies in the "judgment" and even the "decision".

8. Validity and invalidity. The information is valid if it meets the needs of the recipient, and if it does not, it is invalid; If it is necessary at this time, it is valid, and if it is not required at that time, it is invalid; What works for this person may not be effective for others. News information mainly meets the general needs of the audience with timeliness, freshness, significance, proximity, and interest, so as to obtain effectiveness.

9. Processability. If information is analyzed and processed by humans, new information is often generated, so that the information can be value-added.

10. As a special resource, information has corresponding use value, and it can meet people's needs in some aspects. However, the value of information is relative, and it depends on the need to receive information and the ability to understand, recognize and use information.

1. In the information society, information and knowledge have become important factors of productive forces, and together with material and energy, they constitute the three major resources on which society depends.

2. The economy of the information society is dominated by the information economy and the knowledge economy, which is different from the agricultural society that is dominated by the agricultural economy and the industrial society is dominated by the industrial economy.

3. In the information society, the knowledge of workers has become the basic requirement.

1) Recognizability.

Information can be recognized, and recognition can be divided into direct recognition and indirect recognition, direct recognition refers to hail identification refers to recognition through the senses, and indirect recognition refers to identification through various testing means. Different sources of information have different ways to identify them.

2) Storability.

Information can be stored in a variety of ways.

3) Scalability.

Information will continue to expand over time.

4) Compressibility.

People can only process, sort, summarize and summarize the information to make it concise and condense.

5) Deliverability.

The communicability of information is the essential equivalence of information.

6) Convertibility.

Information can be transformed from one form to another.

7) Specific Scope Validity.

Information is valid within a specific scope, otherwise it is invalid.