What causes cerebral hemorrhage and what are the symptoms of cerebral hemorrhage?

The causes of cerebral hemorrhage are mainly related to the lesions and sclerosis of cerebral blood vessels. Vascular lesions are closely related to hyperlipidemia, diabetes, hypertension, aging of blood vessels, smoking, etc. Intracerebral hemorrhage, commonly referred to as spontaneous primary intracerebral hemorrhage, is commonly referred to as spontaneous primary intracerebral hemorrhage.

Patients often have a sudden onset of illness due to emotional agitation and exertion, which is manifested as aphasia, hemiplegia, and unconsciousness in severe cases, and more than half of the patients are accompanied by headache and vomiting. The main causes of cerebral hemorrhage are long-term hypertension and arteriosclerosis. In the vast majority of patients, blood pressure rises markedly at the time of onset, leading to rupture of blood vessels and causing intracerebral hemorrhage.

Cerebral hemorrhage is non-traumatic bleeding within the brain parenchyma. The vast majority of cerebral arteriolar lesions associated with hypertensive disorders are caused by rupture when blood pressure rises sharply, which is called hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage.

Intracerebral hemorrhage manifests itself in different symptoms:

1) Internal capsule hemorrhage: It is the most common bleeding site. Its typical clinical manifestations are contralateral "three deviations" (hemiplegia, hemisensory impairment, hemianopia).

The internal capsular hemorrhage is more extensive, and the symptoms of nerve damage are more severe. However, if the bleeding is biased to the outside of the internal capsule, mainly damaging the external capsule, the clinical symptoms are more mild, there is no unconscious disorder, hemiplegia is also mild, and the prognosis is better;

2) Thalamic hemorrhage: If it is a thalamic hemorrhage on one side and the amount of bleeding is small, the contralateral paresis and contralateral hemiplegia sensory impairment, especially the proprioceptive impairment is obvious. If the bleeding is heavy and the damaged area spreads to the contralateral thalamus and the lower part of the thalamus, there will be vomiting coffee-like, vomiting with frequent ejections, polyuria, urine sugar, quadriplegia, and eyes staring at the tip of the nose.

The disease is often critical and the prognosis is not good;

3) Lobar hemorrhage: also known as subcortical white matter hemorrhage, can occur in any lobe. In addition to headache and vomiting, the clinical manifestations of hemorrhage in different lobes are also different.

For example, frontal lobe hemorrhage may cause psychiatric symptoms, such as irritability, doubt, contralateral hemiplegia, motor aphasia, etc.; parietal lobe hemorrhage with contralateral sensory deficits; Temporal lobe hemorrhage may cause sensory aphasia, psychiatric symptoms, etc.; Occipital lobe hemorrhage is most common with hemianopia. Lobar hemorrhage is generally milder and has a relatively good prognosis;

4) Pontine hemorrhage: Pontine hemorrhage is a common site for brainstem hemorrhage. The early manifestations are lateral paralysis of the affected area and spread out of the contralateral limb, which is called cross paralysis.

This is a clinical feature of pontine hemorrhage. If the amount of bleeding is large, it will affect the contralateral side, and quadriplegia, miosis, high fever, coma and other symptoms will occur; If the blood breaks into the fourth ventricle, severe symptoms such as convulsions and irregular breathing will occur, and the prognosis is not good;

5) Cerebellar hemorrhage: if the amount of bleeding is small, the clinical manifestations are often dizziness first, followed by severe headache, frequent vomiting, unsteady walking, and slurred speech; If the hemorrhage is large, compressing the medulla life center, severe cases can cause sudden death;

6) Ventricular hemorrhage: generally divided into primary and secondary, primary ventricular hemorrhage is intraventricular choroid plexus rupture hemorrhage, which is relatively rare. Secondary cases are caused by massive intracerebral hemorrhage, which penetrates the brain parenchyma and flows into the ventricles.

Clinical manifestations include vomiting, excessive sweating, purple or pale. 1 2 hours after the onset of the disease, he fell into a deep coma, high fever, quadriplegia or tonic convulsions, unstable blood pressure, irregular breathing, etc. The disease is mostly severe and the prognosis is poor.