What is the name of the county order that killed Du Fu, and the truth of Du Fu s death

Without the complete truth, the causes of death such as death, drowning, food poisoning, and indigestion can no longer be verified, and we haven't even figured out how Bruce Lee died, let alone people more than 1,200 years ago.

Ate too much beef, drank too much liquor and died.

You think about how he died, and that's how he died, and only you can't think of it, and you can't die without him.

If you don't eat for many days, you will suddenly overeat, and your body will not be able to bear it and you will die.

So, don't eat too much after being hungry for a few days, or you'll die!

The simplest example: if you feel very hungry after not eating for a day, and you don't stop until you have eaten until you have eaten, you will soon find that your stomach hurts (the degree varies from person to person).

There is a saying that you die of bloating.

Du Fu in his twilight years was riddled with illness, living in a flat boat with his wife and children, drifting between Shushan and Xiangshui. In April of the fifth year of the Tang Dynasty (770 AD), Du Fu took a boat to Chenzhou (now Chenxian County, Hunan), but on the way to the road was blocked by the river rising sharply, and he was trapped in Leiyang County for more than ten days. At that time, Du Fu was so poor that he went without food for several days.

After hearing about it, the Leiyang County Commander sent someone to send liquor and beef to Du Fu. A few days later, the county commander sent people to look for Du Fu, but he couldn't find it. It is rumored that Du Fu died of swelling because he ate too much beef and drank too much liquor.

The death of a generation of poets and saints in this way undoubtedly made it difficult for countless later Confucians who loved, admired, and admired Du Fu to accept. Liu Axe of the Song Dynasty said that Du Zimei went to Hunan and Chu from Shu and died in Leiyang. The monk said it more bluntly:

There are sages who have lost their ambitions since ancient times, and there are no beef injuries due to injuries. ”

Gongyi scholar Sun Xianzhou believes that Du Fu died of wind paralysis in the winter of the fifth year of the Great Calendar. At that time, Du Fu was in a hurry and did not have time to return to Xie Leiyang County, so he went down to Hengzhou. Although there is a tomb of Du Fu in Leiyang now, the literati of all dynasties unanimously agreed:

Empty tomb, empty tomb! Xu Zhao of the Song Dynasty was quite angry in "Du Fu's Tomb", saying that people "Leiyang Zhixian is not a confidant", and said that "if it is more famous, it can be buried, and pedestrians will not hang empty graves". Nazhi County sent wine and meat to Du Fu, only kindness and no evil intentions, and the construction of Du Fu's tomb in the north of the county was also out of admiration.

But the ancients were a little bit of a small family, confused, and did not recognize right and wrong, and poor Leiyang County did not get a good reward for his kindness.

What happened to the hungry old man, even if he died of distension? Does this have any impact on the reason why Du Fu is Du Fu?

During the reign of Xuanzong, the funerals of princes and nobles were extravagant and extravagant, and they were all unpleasant to the court, and the specifications of the tombs should be set to curb the decline of thick burials. At that time, the imperial court stipulated that if the third grade or more was buried, no more than 70 burial utensils were allowed, and no more than 20 pieces were allowed for the ninth grade; The utensils shall not be of gold or silver, but terracotta. It is said that the edict was eventually reduced to a dead letter, and the Tang Dynasty people did not recognize it.

Du Fu was born in the era of thick burial, and was buried in the soil with a thin burial, which shows the miserable situation of Du Fu when he died.

For many years, the biggest doubt that Du Fu left for future generations was the cause of his death.

The literary and historical circles have put forward five causes of death for Du Fu's death, and they have their own opinions, which is thought-provoking.

1. Illness and death.

Flipping through Mo Lifeng and Tong Qiang's "The Biography of Du Fu", about Du Fu's death, the book reads: "Winter is coming, and the poet is sick. Fell ill in the boat bound for Yueyang.

A giant star fell in this infinite loneliness and loneliness. (Tianjin People's Publishing House, January 2001, p. 316).

2. Drowning. This theory first came from the "Supplement to Du Shi's Remains" written in the name of Li Guan in the Tang Dynasty. This kind of saying.

After the law was proposed, scholars of later dynasties refuted this theory, and clearly pointed out the "hard injury" in this text, Tang Xuanzong died in the first year of Baoying, that is, in 762 AD, how could he go to Sizi Mei Du Fu in 770?

3. Die by sinking in water.

This theory originates from the pseudo-Tang Dynasty Han Yu's "Title Du Zimei Tomb", which proposed that "the three sages (referring to Qu Yuan, Li Bai, and Du Fu) are all in the same water". The three of them sank to themselves, which was obviously an unfounded imagination.

4. Death from food poisoning.

This is proposed by the famous modern scholar Guo Moruo, and Guo Moruo's statement is also speculative, with almost no literature as a basis for purely personal literary creation.

5. Death from indigestion.

This is more credible. After leaving Sichuan, Du Fu lived in Hunan, besieged by a sudden flood, and starved for nine days. The local county order rescued Du Fu with a small boat and entertained him with beef and liquor, and Du Fu, who was rarely gluttonous, had not eaten for a long time, and his stomach could not bear it, and finally died of indigestion.

As far as I know, he was either killed or died of old age.

There are many theories: to sum up: 1 Eating too much beef poisoning (beef is poisonous) 2 Aging and dying 3 Drowning 4 Diabetes 1 The biographies of "Old Tang Book" and "New Tang Book" all say that Du Fu died because he ate too much beef and drank too much liquor. At that time, Du Fu was in Leiyang, encountered a flood, did not eat for many days, and later the county order was treated with roasting, Du Fu was drunk, and hung up that night!

According to the "Miscellaneous Records of the Ming Emperor" by Zheng Chuzhi of the Tang Dynasty, it is said that Du Fu died of beef and liquor. In the summer of the fifth year of the Great Calendar (770 AD), Du Fu went to Hengzhou to avoid the army. On the way to Leiyang, it happened to encounter a big water, and the ship was moored in Fangtianyi.

I starved for about ten days because I had no food. After Leiyang County Ling Nie learned about it, he sent beef liquor. Du Fu ate too much and died one night.

According to Mr. Guo Moruo's research, it must have been a lot of beef sent by Nie County, and Du Fu did not eat it all at once. In the summer, refrigeration is not meat, liquor is good, and it is easy to spoil. Carrion is poisonous, and it is entirely possible that Du Fu will die of poisoning.

2 According to the inscription on the tomb of Du Jun, a member of the school inspection department of the late Tang Dynasty, Bian Zhou went down to Jing and Chu, and died in Yueyang, at the age of fifty-nine. It seems that Du Fu died of old age. 3 Some people also say that Du Fu drowned.

There is still a lack of relevant data to prove the drowning part) 4 In front of the shadow wall of the thatched cottage, ** and his wife also took a group photo here like other tourists. Later, Chirac came to the "Daya Hall", where Chirac stood for a long time in front of the sculpture of Du Fu and Li Bai swimming together. Chirac, who likes to read Tang poetry and has a deep study of Tang Dynasty culture, admired Li Bai and Du Fu, and even wrote an article about Li Bai.

He and the tour guide Yao Fei ** mentioned the cause of Du Fu's death, ** said that he saw from the book that Du Fu died from eating beef and drinking alcohol, Yao Fei euphemistically corrected that now authoritative experts believe that Du Fu died of thirst.

Du Fu's burial place is at the foot of Shouyang Mountain in Luoyang, Henan, and Du Fu died on a small boat from Tanzhou to Yueyang.

Du Fu was poor in his later years, and in the third year of the Great Calendar of Emperor Daizong (768), the whole family entered Hunan through present-day Hubei, traced the Xiangjiang River, and ascended Hengshan through Yuanxiang. In the fifth year of the Great Calendar, he went to Chenzhou to visit relatives, and because of the rapid rise of Leishui, he lived in Leiyi, and Nie Lingli of Leiyang was a guest.

In the same year, Du Fu died in the boat from Leiyang to Hengyang on the Xiangjiang River due to poverty and illness. Nie Lingzhi burial tomb, back north to south, stone fence around the tomb, there is a stone carving of the Southern Song Dynasty on the front, "the tomb of Du Gong of the Tang Gong Department" on the front.

Tang Tianyou four years (907 years) around the tomb to build Du Gong Ancestral Hall, back north to face south, courtyard style mountain building, civil structure. The main hall in the middle is set up with Du Fu's sandalwood statue, and there are more than a dozen rooms in the east and west corridors, which are used for sacrificial and tomb guarding. In the Song Dynasty, Du Ling Academy was built next to Du Gong Ancestral Hall.

Du Fu's last wish was to be buried in Shouyang Mountain, but his second son Zongwu was unable to do so due to poverty, so he had to be temporarily buried in Leiyang. Forty-three years after the poet's death, Fang was buried by his grandson Du Siye at the foot of Shouyang Mountain in Luoyang, Henan. Now there is also a tomb of Du Fu at the foot of Shouyang Mountain.

There are usually four theories about the final burial place of Guan Gan Du Fu in history. They are: Leiyang County, Yueyang County, Pingjiang County in Hunan and Yanshi County in Henan.

Du Fu originally died of illness in Pingjiang, not Leiyang, so his grave is in Xiaotian Village, Pingjiang. After Du Fu's death, Du Zongwu was poor and could not afford to be buried, and he also died of illness in Pingjiang. Coupled with the war at that time, Du Zongwu and Du Siye have been staying in Pingjiang, on the one hand, it is also convenient to worship and guard the cemetery.

During the Tongzhi period of the Qing Dynasty, Zhang Yueling wrote an article "Identification of the Tomb of Du Gongbu" after inspecting Yanshi on the spot, pointing out that Yanshi had neither Du Fu's tomb nor Du's descendants. Li Yuandu's "Examination of the Tomb of Du Gongbu" also said so, believing that "there is no other tomb of Du in Yue's family, and the ruins are undoubtedly in Xiaotian".

The debate over where Dunant was buried continues and there has been no unanimous opinion. Du Fu suffered a lot during the war, and his whereabouts after his death are still an unsolved mystery. This is the sorrow of the poet and the sorrow of the times.

Regarding the cause of Du Fu's death, there have been the following five theories in history: first, drunk death; 2. Death, that is, death; 3. Drowning; Fourth, poisoning; 5. Sickness and death.

It was the Tang Dynasty Zheng Chuhui who put forward the theory of drunken death. He said that when Du Fu wandered in Xiangtan in his later years and lived in Leiyang County, Hengzhou, the local ** was very annoying to him. Du Fu wrote a poem to the county order, and the county order had to give him "beef roast liquor", which is roast beef.

As a result, "I drank too much and died overnight". (See "Miscellaneous Records of the Ming Emperor") This statement was later adopted by Song Qi, the author of Du Fu's biography in the "New Tang Dynasty Book", "the ...... in the Great Calendar."Prisoner Leiyang. You Yue Temple, the water is coming, and you can't eat it for ten years.

The county ordered a boat to welcome him, but he had to return it. Ling tasted the cow and burned the liquor, drunk, and died overnight, at the age of fifty-nine. ”

The theory of starvation is not put forward separately, it is all linked to drunkenness. Those who advocate this theory include Liu Yun, the author of Du Fu's biography of the Old Tang Book, and Wang Zhu, the compiler of Du Shi, a scholar of the Song Dynasty. "Old Tang Book" Du Fu Biography:

…Living in Leiyang, just taste the Yue Temple, blocked by the storm, and can not eat in ten days. Leiyang Nie Ling knew it, and returned from the boat. In the second year of Yongtai, he ate beef liquor and died in Leiyang overnight at the age of fifty-nine.

Wang Zhu's "Jingyin Song Ben "Du Gong Department Collection" Notes": "Living in Leiyang. Taste the Yue Temple, block the storm water, and you can't eat in ten days.

Leiyang Nie Ling knew it, and he returned it with a boat. In the summer of five years, he was drunk overnight and died at the age of fifty-nine. ”

It was Li Guan of the Tang Dynasty who put forward the theory of drowning. Li Guan's "Du Shi's Supplementary Biography": "The river swelled, and it was drifted in shock, and its corpse did not know where it fell.

Xuanzong returned to the south, thought of Zimei, and asked the world to ask for it. Nie Lingnai accumulated empty soil on the river, and said: Zimei died of beef and white wine, and was buried here.

Hear about it. ”

The proposer of the poisoning theory is Guo Moruo, a famous modern scholar. Guo's "Li Bai and Du Fu": "In fact, it is not impossible to die from cow wine.

But it was not 'starvation' or 'hunger to death', but poisoning. There must have been quite a lot of beef sent by Nie Ling, and Du Fu didn't finish it at one time. In the summer, it is not well refrigerated and is easy to spoil.

Carrion is poisonous, with the poison being the most intense in the first 24 to 28 hours after decay, which paralyzes the nerves and causes death in the heart. In addition, there is liquor to promote the circulation of toxins in the blood, and Du Fu's body was originally in a hemiplegic state, he also has diabetes and lung disease, and death from rotten meat poisoning is not impossible, but completely possible. ”

The theory of illness and death is the opinion of most experts in Du Fu's research history. The well-known chronicle of Du's poems, Qiu Zhaoao's "Detailed Notes on Du Fu's Poems", Yang Lun's "Du Shi Jingquan", and "Thirty-six Rhymes in the Wind and Boat, and Presenting Hunan Relatives and Friends" as Du Fu's masterpiece, are all the embodiment of this opinion, and modern scholars Wen Yiduo ("Shaoling Annals"), Feng Zhi ("Du Fu's Biography"), Xiao Difei ("Selected Notes on Du Fu's Poems"), etc., are also this opinion.

Judging from the research so far, it is most reliable to say that Du Fu died of disease.

He should have died of illness, hunger and cold, and his health was not good.

Du Fu's character Zimei (belly beauty) is dying.