114 navigable straits of international significance

I four: 1Khormuz Strait. The choke point of the Persian Gulf and the Indian Ocean. The oil of the Persian Gulf must pass through oil tankers, and it is a strategic energy point.

2.Strait of Malacca. The Strait of Malacca is a choke point between the Pacific Ocean and the Indian Ocean, and an important sea passage between Asian, African, Australian, and European coastal countries. (Japan's lifeline, but there are a lot of pirates).

3.Gibraltar. It is an important gateway connecting the Mediterranean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean. Located between the southernmost part of Spain's Iberian Peninsula and the northwest corner of Africa, it is bounded by Spanish Gibraltar (now occupied by the British) on the north shore and Morocco on the south.

4.English Channel. The English Channel (known as the Strait of Dover in France) is the world's busiest strait and is strategically important.

The volume of international shipping is very large, and at present, as many as 120,000 ships pass through the strait every year, ranking first among all straits in the world. Historically, because it has played a huge role in the economic development of the capitalist countries of western and northern Europe, people have called the waterways of these two straits "silver channels".

I don't agree with the second floor that Japan's lifeline is because of piracy. Just like the second floor said that the Strait of Malacca is the throat of the Pacific Ocean and the Indian Ocean, many developed countries import oil strategic resources have to pass through here, Japan is an island country, its own resources can not be self-sufficient, its energy needs to be imported, including iron, wood, oil, etc., as long as everyone thinks of Japan is imported, even if they have it in their own country, will not be exploited, by its forest resources, Japan will import some energy raw materials to process and produce for industrial export.

And Japan because it is an island country, all resources are transported by sea, if the Strait of Malacca is cut off, it can cut off many of Japan's energy imports, such as strategic resources oil, that is to say, the Strait of Malacca is Japan's maritime lifeline, but also their throat, Japan launched the Pacific War against the United States because the United States has cut off the Strait of Malacca, if Japan does not attack Pearl Harbor, there is no energy, and the war against China and Asian countries will not take half a year to drag Japan down.

The Strait of Malacca is also important for our country.

There are more than 1,000 straits, of which about 130 are navigable, and more than 40 are major straits that are regularly used for international navigation. For example, the English Channel and the Strait of Dover, which are located between the European continent and the island of Britain, and the Strait of Malacca, which connects the Pacific Ocean and the Indian Ocean.

The Strait of Hormuz, known as the "valve" of the Persian Gulf oil depot, is the "maritime corridor" in the eastern part of our country.

The Taiwan Strait, the Strait of Magellan, a shipping route connecting the South Atlantic and the South Pacific, and the Strait of Gibraltar, which serves as the "threshold" of the Mediterranean, and so on. United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea

Specifically for straits used for international navigation: for straits that are not entirely connected with the territorial sea.

Ships and aircraft are subject to the regime of free navigation overflight on the high seas if there is a passage through which the width of an overlapping international strait is greater than 24 nautical miles, which is equally convenient in terms of navigational and hydrological characteristics, through which the high seas or the exclusive economic zone are crossed. The Guohong Douji Strait, which overlaps with the territorial sea, implements two types of passage systems: transit passage and innocent passage. In addition, there are some straits such as the Black Sea, Magellan, Gibraltar and other straits that are subject to special treaties and implement a system of free passage, but some straits have restrictions on the right of passage.

The International Convention on the Law of the Sea stipulates that ships of any country may fly their flag and sail freely on the high seas. No State may obstruct the vessels of other States lawfully navigating on the high seas. A ship sailing on the high seas must be registered and flown the flag of a State, which is called the State of nationality or flag of the ship.

A ship sailing on the high seas may be considered stateless if it must and can only fly the flag of one State, sail under the flag of two or more States or change the flag as it is convenient. The flag State should have a genuine connection with the ship and issue a flag document to a ship registered under its domestic law and thus flying its flag. shall cooperate with the States concerned in the investigation of damage caused on the high seas by ships flying their flag to citizens, ships, facilities or the environment of other States;

The master of the ship shall also be instructed to rescue the ship's collision, shipwreck, etc., in accordance with international regulations. The transit passage system applies to many straits, and it is also commonly referred to as the passage system used in the straits for intra-sea navigation. This system is specifically provided for in the United Nations Convention on the Law of Maritime Practices.

The main elements include the right of transit passage for ships and aircraft of all States in straits for international navigation between the high seas and part of the exclusive economic zone and between the high seas and the other part of the exclusive economic zone. Transit passage is freedom of navigation and overflight for the purpose of continuous and rapid passage, and also includes passage for the purpose of lawfully entering and exiting Zheng Song from the countries bordering the strait.

Transit passage shall be carried out expeditiously and without delay; prohibit the unlawful use of force or the threat of force; Except due to force majeure or distress, not to engage in any activity other than the activities that normally occur incidental to its passage; No research or measurement activities shall be conducted; It shall also abide by the national standard rules related to ships, aviation and radio, and abide by the laws and regulations of coastal countries on the prevention of fishing, anti-pollution, navigation safety, customs, finance, immigration, health, etc. The regime of transit passage in straits is a certain restriction on the sovereignty of the littoral State concerned, but it does not alter the legal status of the waters of the strait and does not affect any rights of other parties of the littoral State.

A strait for international navigation applicable to innocent passage is a strait consisting of the mainland of a State and its islands, and the sea area on the seaward side of the island has a shipping lane through the high seas or the exclusive economic zone that is equally convenient in terms of navigation and hydrological characteristics. The special agreement regime means that the regime for the passage of certain straits is provided for by international conventions concluded specifically for that strait. For example, the Black Sea Straits and the Strait of Magellan are subject to the regimes provided for in their respective special treaties.

A strait to which free passage on the high seas applies is a shipping lane in which there is a high seas or an exclusive economic zone for Ratssa.

Seaways and Navigation Separation in Straits Used for International Navigation:1In accordance with this Part, the States bordering the Straits may, when necessary, designate sea lanes for navigation in the Straits and establish a system of diversion of navigation in order to facilitate the safe passage of ships.

Ode 2Such a State may, as circumstances so require, replace any sea lane or navigation separation that it has previously designated or provided for with an alternative sea lane or traffic separation system, duly announced. 3.

Such seaways and traffic separation regimes should be consistent with generally accepted international regulations. 4.The State bordering the Straits shall, pending the designation or replacement of sea lanes or the establishment or replacement of navigation separation, submit proposals to the competent international organization with a view to obtaining them.

The organization may only agree with the littoral States of the Straits and the separation of navigation regimes, after which the littoral States of the Straits may designate, regulate or replace such sea lanes and diversion regimes. 5.In the case of a strait, if the proposed sea lane or traffic separation system passes through the waters of two or more coastal States of the strait, the States concerned shall cooperate in the formulation of proposals in consultation with the competent international organizations.