How did the main Westernists get involved with the Westernization movement?

After two Opium Wars, some enlightened people in the Qing Dynasty believed that they should learn advanced science and technology from the West in order to [self-improvement] [seek wealth], thus giving rise to the Westernists.

(1) Introduce advanced scientific and technological machinery from the West;

2) the purchase of foreign guns, foreign guns, ships and warships;

3) Drill a new type of army and build a new type of navy;

4) the establishment of modern Chinese military and civilian industries;

5) Establish a school of foreign affairs, send students to study abroad, and cultivate foreign affairs talents. However, to a certain extent, these activities were influenced and constrained by the basic political, diplomatic, and military policies of the Westernists.

The political policy of the Westernists was to recognize the unequal treaties signed with foreign capitalist countries, so as to maintain China's semi-colonial and semi-feudal status; The foreign policy of the Westernists is "good and harmonious" and "good neighbors"; The military policy of the Westernists was to submit to the force of foreign invaders and advocated "peace" in foreign wars. Therefore, in the process of understanding the connotation of the Westernization Movement, we also need to look at the Westernization Movement dialectically from the basic principles of politics, diplomacy and military affairs, and summarize it as the concept of the Westernization Movement as a whole, and we cannot only regard the Westernization Movement as an economic activity.

1. Western: It refers to foreign things. As everyone knows, "foreign" means foreign (generally referring to Western countries).

2. Western-style faction: It was a faction of the Qing Dynasty ruling group that developed under the support of foreign invaders in the process of suppressing the Taiping Revolution.

3. The Westernization Movement, also known as the Self-Improvement Movement, refers to the improvement movement of "mastering the skills of the master to control the razor" set off by the Westernization faction in the Qing Dynasty from 1861 (the end of the tenth year of Xianfeng) to 1894.

The Westernization Movement (also known as the Self-Help Movement, the Self-Improvement Movement) was a self-help movement carried out by the Westernists in the late Qing Dynasty from the 60s to the 90s of the 19th century to introduce Western military equipment, machine production and science and technology to save the Qing Dynasty's rule.

In the early stage of the Westernization Movement, the Westernists founded a number of modern military industries under the banner of "self-improvement". In the later period, under the banner of "seeking wealth", a number of civilian industries were established, but the Westernization Movement did not enable China to embark on the road to prosperity and strength.

The Westernization Movement, also known as the Late Qing Self-Help Movement and the Self-Improvement Movement. This movement was carried out by the Westernists in the 60s and 90s of the 19th century to introduce Western military equipment, machine production and science and technology to maintain feudal rule"Self-improvement"、"Seek to get rich"Motion.

Westernization Movement: Landlord Class Westernization Reform Method: Bourgeois Reformers Xinhai Revolution....Order: Bourgeois Revolution....The New Culture Movement: The bourgeois radicals.

The Westernization Movement was the Westernization faction representing the landlord class.

Westernization Movement: Westernization of the landlord class.

The Westernists were a political faction within the ruling class that gradually formed and grew after the Second Opium War, especially in the process of suppressing the Taiping Rebellion. At that time, a new political division began to take place in the Chinese landlord class, and there were Westernists who advocated change and diehards who defended the traditional system. At that time, the main representatives of the Westernization faction in ** were the Manchu clan nobles represented by Prince Gong Yixin and Gualjia Wenxiang, and in the local area, the Han nationality ** represented by Zeng Guofan, Li Hongzhang, Zuo Zongtang and Zhang Zhidong **.

At first, the Westernists took "self-improvement" as the slogan, and in the 70s of the 19th century, they put forward the slogan of "seeking wealth", and in view of the situation that China was far behind the West in terms of equipment and military technology at that time, they advocated learning from the advanced technology and training methods of the West and building a modern national defense. It put forward the ideas of "self-improvement by law" and "theory of building a country through industry and commerce", and was a political group with the idea of reform and reform in early modern China.

The faction of the Westernization movement: the Westernization faction of the landlord class.

The nature of the Westernization Movement was a self-help reform movement carried out by the Westernists in the feudal ruling class of the Qing Dynasty in order to maintain the feudal rule of the Qing Dynasty.

The significance of the Westernization movement.

First, the Westernization faction of the Westernization Movement inherited Wei Yuan's idea of mastering the art of mastering and conquering the country, put forward the propositions of "self-improvement" and "seeking prosperity," and concentrated forces to give priority to the development of the military industry through the state power they wielded, and at the same time developed a number of civilian enterprises, which objectively played a certain role in promoting the development of China's early industry and national capitalism. It can be said that China's modernization has begun.

Second, a number of new-style schools were opened, the first official students were sent to study abroad, and a number of Western books were translated, which brought new knowledge to China at that time and opened people's eyes.

Third, the traditional concepts of "emphasizing the basic and suppressing the last" and "emphasizing righteousness over profit" have all been impacted, the social atmosphere and values have begun to change, and the status of industrialists and businessmen has risen. It is conducive to the development of the capitalist economy and to the change of social atmosphere.

The Westernization Movement was a movement initiated by the Westernists of the landlord class.

The understanding of the Westernists had a great influence on the Westernization Movement, and it put forward the reform plan of "centering on Westernization", which promoted the development of the Westernization Movement and the transformation of modern Chinese society.