The representatives of the Westernization movement advocated the establishment of those industries

The main industries established during the Westernization Movement are: Military Industry: Beiyang Naval Division, Jiangnan Manufacturing Bureau, Hanyang Iron Works, Fuzhou Shipbuilding Bureau, Tianjin Machinery Bureau, and Anqing Machinery Institute.

Civil industry: China Merchants Bureau, Lanzhou Weaving Bureau, Kaiping Coal Mine.

The representative figures of the Westernization Movement advocated:

Advocate "foreign affairs", run military factories, produce new types of troops, and establish new types of troops, so as to achieve the goal of "self-improvement". In order to solve the problems of raw materials, capital, and transportation for the military industry, we will vigorously set up civilian industry, mining, and transportation industries, so as to achieve the goal of seeking prosperity and resisting foreign capitalist aggression and expansion.

The Westernization Movement, also known as the Late Qing Self-Help Movement and the Self-Improvement Movement. This movement was a "self-improvement" and "wealth-seeking" movement carried out by the Westernists in the 60s and 90s of the 19th century to introduce Western military equipment, machine production and science and technology to maintain feudal rule. (The slogan in the early stage is "self-improvement", and the slogan in the later stage is "seeking wealth").

Although the Westernization Movement did not make China rich and strong for more than 30 years, the Westernization Movement introduced advanced science and technology from the West, which led to the emergence of the first batch of modern enterprises in China, which objectively played a role in promoting the emergence and development of China's national capitalism.

The fundamental guiding ideology is "self-improvement" and "seeking prosperity." Its classification idea is "Shiyi system" and "Chinese and Western use". The first four words, "Shiyi and Zhiyi", indicate the relationship between the Westernization movement and foreign capitalist invaders, that is, to learn the skills of the West in order to resist the aggressive path of the West.

Military industry: Anqing Arsenal (Zeng Guofan).Jiangnan Manufacturing General Bureau (Li Hongzhang).Fuzhou Shipbuilding Bureau (Zuo Zongtang) and other civil industries: Shanghai Steamship Merchants Bureau (Li Hongzhang).Hanyang Iron Works and Hubei Weaving Layout (Jangzhidong) These are the main ones.

Military industry: Beiyang Naval Division, Jiangnan Manufacturing Bureau, Hanyang Iron Works, Fuzhou Shipbuilding Bureau, Tianjin Machinery Bureau, Anqing Machinery Institute.

Civil industry: China Merchants Bureau, Lanzhou Weaving Bureau, Kaiping Coal Mine.

Representative figures include Li Hongzhang, (Jiangnan Manufacturing Bureau, Shanghai Steamship China Merchants Bureau), Zuo Zongtang (Fuzhou Shipbuilding Bureau), Zeng Guofan (Anqing Internal Ordnance Institute).

Anqing Ordnance Institute, Hanyang Military Factory, Nanjing Manufacturing Bureau. Shanghai Steamship China Merchants Administration. Fuzhou Shipping Bureau. Tianjin Machinery Manufacturing Bureau.

The representative figures of the Westernization Movement are Prince Gong Yixin and Wenxiang, and the local representatives are Zeng Guofan, Li Hongzhang, Zuo Zongtang, Zhang Zhidong, etc., in addition to Chonghou, Shen Baozhen, and Liu Kun.

1. Tang Tingshu, Zhang Jian, etc.

The so-called "foreign affairs" refers to a series of things related to foreign relations and foreign exchanges, such as foreign affairs negotiations, the conclusion of treaties, the dispatch of foreign students, the purchase of foreign guns and artillery, the training of the army in accordance with the "foreign law," the study of the science of the Western powers, the use of machinery, and the opening of mines and factories. The Westernization Movement was formerly known as the "Tongguang New Deal".