History Summarizing the Advantages and Problems of Athenian Democracy 5

Characteristics: popular sovereignty and rotation (rotation of power).

Problems: Narrow scope of democracy, primitive ways of participating in politics, abuse of state power.

2.By its nature, it was only a primitive form of direct democracy, suitable only for small states and oligarchic city-states. 2 points.

3.Elections by lot and the method of taking turns to participate in politics are likely to lead to the abuse and misuse of state power. 3 points.

4.Historical facts show that the decline of Athens was caused by the chaos and internal friction caused by this democracy. 4 points.

Students: Listen carefully in class, these teachers should have talked about it, and it can be summarized in the textbook.

Features: First, the Athenian democracy embodied the sovereignty of the majority of Athenian slave-owning freedmen.

Secondly, the freedom and equality of individual citizens are closely linked to the sovereignty of citizens.

Thirdly, the Athenian bureaucracy was an important manifestation of democratic principles.

Finally, in the political life of Athens, democracy is complemented by a flaw in the rule of law in the Athenian state: it is democracy within the citizens of the city-state, and only adult male citizens really enjoy their rights. While it played a positive role in promoting the political, economic, and cultural prosperity of Athens, it also brutally suffocated and limited the ability of another part of society to develop itself.

It is both a catalyst for great civilizations and a violent machine for social injustice, which is its greatest historical limitation.

Features: People's sovereignty and rotational rule. Defects: From the perspective of democracy, slaves, women, and Gentiles have no political power; By its nature, it is a direct democracy; From the perspective of democratic methods, backward ways of participating in politics.

Ancient Greece Athens and other city-states are the earliest countries to appear in the democratic system, which is of great significance in the history of human civilization, but its democracy also has limitations, although adult citizens can enjoy democratic rights, but these citizens do not include women, slaves ......It is the privileged classes that really enjoy democratic rights. So there are both progressive meanings and limitations.

This is my personal opinion, I hope it will help you, hehe, I haven't been exposed to history for too long.

1. Characteristics: Athenian democracy is an advanced political system in the ancient Greek city-state society: it is conducive to mobilizing the enthusiasm and creativity of the citizens of the city-state, and is conducive to promoting socio-economic and cultural progress.

The characteristics of the Athenian democracy were: popular sovereignty and rotational rule.

The defect was summed up by our senior high school history teacher after years of college entrance examinations).

The obvious flaws of Athenian democracy are that a, which is the product of a small and oligo-state, b, which is enjoyed by only a few, c[2] Pericles' law of citizenship is crucial to how we understand Athenian citizenship and Athenian democracy

Athenian democracy was the product of a small country and a widow. Direct democracy, which is too widespread, has become a hidden danger of political corruption and social unrest. The narrow city-state system was ultimately unable to accommodate rapid political and economic development.

In the second half of the 4th century BC, the declining Greece was destroyed by the rising kingdom of Macedonia in the north. The once-glorious democracy of the Greek city-states has been lost to the dust of history.

Causes and conditions for the formation of Athenian democracy:

Geography: Relatively isolated valley and island topography, facing the sea.

Economic factors: the formation of commodity production, overseas ** based on the coexistence of a variety of economic forms (maritime civilization).

Social factors: the formation of a certain number of civilian classes.

Political factors: the civilization of slavery, the establishment of the city-state system, and the replacement of the monarchy by aristocracy; The struggle of the commoners against the aristocracy.

Ideological factors: the advanced ideas of the ancient Greek philosophers, the achievements of civilization absorbed by overseas colonization, and the sense of collectivity, equality, relative independence and freedom formed in the maritime civilization.

Personal factors: the agitation and reform of Greek thinkers, politicians.

1. Natural conditions: mountainous, islandy, barren, surrounded by the sea.

2. Economic conditions: agriculture is underdeveloped, handicraft industry and commerce are developed, and the navigation industry is prosperous.

3. Political conditions: small countries and widows, and each state has been independent and self-controlled for a long time.

4. Subjective conditions: the product of continuous innovation with the efforts of Athenian scholars.

5. Ideological conditions: the advanced ideas of the ancient Greek philosophers.

6. Foreign exchanges: the achievements of civilization absorbed by overseas colonization.

7. Material conditions: hard work has created a rich material foundation, and the decisive factor is political conditions.

Conditions Geography: Mountains, islands, and bays Political security: city-state system, small country and widow economy: developed industry and commerce, maritime **.

Ideology: The humanist idea of equality and freedom.

Society: the struggle between the plebeians and the aristocracy.

Personal factors: the efforts of politicians.

Content 1: Solon's reforms.

Property hierarchy.

Abolition of debt slavery.

The formation of the citizens' assembly is the highest organ of power.

Establishment of a 400-member council administrative organ.

Jury Court Judiciary.

2. Cristini reforms.

Regional tribes represent blood tribes A Council of 500 people was set up to govern in turn, and a committee of ten generals was formed.

Expand the powers of the citizens' assembly.

3. Pericles reforms.

Citizens can hold almost any official position.

Expand the functions of the 500-member conference.

The jury court became the highest judicial and supervisory organ.

Payment of salaries and allowances.

Features: Rule by turn, supremacy of law, direct democracy.

Essence The democratic politics of the slave-owning class.

Positive evaluation: Athens has achieved brilliant results in the field of spiritual culture; Lay the foundation for the modern Western democratic political system.

Limitations: It is the democracy of a few people who defend the interests of slave owners, and the democracy that is too direct and overflowing (in essence) is the product of small countries and widows.

Athenian democracy. It is a kind of citizen-led local self-government, but its differences from modern democracies are still enormous. First, the right to participate in the Athenian democracy was not as inhabitant-based as modern times, and women and slaves in Attica did not have complete power, and secondly, the imperfection of the system led to a very low efficiency.

It is impossible to ignore the fact that politicians often slander each other through speeches for the sake of fame and fortune, and that the public opinion of voters is greatly influenced by the political satire drama staged in the theater. However, since the division of participation was independent of economic class, the degree of voter participation in the Athenian democracy was already very high for that time. This system was Greek civilization.

has made a huge contribution.

It was formed in primitive societies.

Dissolution, the formation of slavery, the struggle of the clan nobility with the plebeians and the product of the development of the slave economy. By the end of the 7th century BC, the contradictions between the Athenian clan nobility and the commoners had developed to a very acute level. Aristocracy vs. Monarchy.

Nobility is a system of collective leadership, which implements the principle of the rule of law of equal consultation and the subordination of the minority to the majority. Changes in the balance of power between the different classes within the Athenian civic population led to Ephealt in 462 BC (or 441 BC) and Pericles in 443 BC.

of reforms. These reforms took the development of democracy to a new level by depriving the Council of Nobles, which consisted of imperial consuls, and delegating their powers to the Citizens' Assembly, the People's Court, and the Council of Five Hundred. The military colonial system, various social welfare contributions, subsidies to citizens, and large-scale construction projects have enabled the small producers, who account for the majority of citizens, to enjoy a certain amount of material and spiritual life.

During Pericles' reign (443 BC --- 429 BC), Athens reached its peak economically, politically, and culturally, becoming the dominant power and the main cultural center of the Greek world.