Can light affect electric current? Does light intensity have any effect on photocurrent?

Theoretically, if there is mass, there is gravity, and if there is gravity, it will have an effect on motion. Electric current is generated by the directional motion of electrons or charges, and electrons or charges have mass, so the speed of electric current will be affected by gravity, and I think the effect is very small and negligible.

The relationship between <> saturated photocurrent and incident light intensity is:

1. When the frequency of incident light is unchanged, the value of saturated photocurrent is proportional to the intensity of incident light. The reason is simple, the intensity of incident light is directly proportional to the number of photons hit on the metal per unit time. The change in the number of photons leads to a change in the number of electrons absorbed in the photon per unit time, so the change in the number of photons flying out leads to a change in the current.

2. When the intensity of incident light is unchanged, the saturated photocurrent increases with the increase of incident light frequency. This is more difficult to understand. Think of it this way:

The light intensity remains unchanged, and 10 photons are absorbed by the noisy electrons per unit time, and not all of the 10 photoelectrons formed after absorption fly out of the metal surface. The electrons close to the surface of the metal are weakly bound by the nucleus in the metal, so they are easy to fly out, but the internal ones are not necessarily, so only 6 of the 10 electro-digging holes may be able to fly out of the metal to form photocurrent. If the frequency of the incident light is increased under the condition that the intensity of the incident light remains the same, although there are still 10 photons absorbed by the 10 electrons to form photoelectrons, the energy of these 10 photoelectrons is relatively large, so the ability to break free from the nucleus in the metal is relatively strong.

In this way, 8 electrons may be able to fly out of the metal to form a photocurrent, so it is obvious that the saturated photocurrent will increase.

Photocurrent refers to the current formed by the transition of electrons in a substance from a liquid-closed bound state to a conduction band under light irradiation, and its magnitude is related to a variety of factors. Here are a few factors that affect the magnitude of the photocurrent:

Light intensity. When the intensity of light increases, the number of photons increases, the energy of light hitting the surface of matter also increases, the probability of electron transitions also increases, and therefore the magnitude of photocurrent also increases.

The light sensitivity of the material. Different materials have different sensitivities to light, and for the same light intensity, the photocurrent that photosensitive materials can produce will also be different.

The band structure of the material. The band junction void cracking of the material affects the interaction between photons and electrons, and thus the magnitude of the photocurrent. For example, when the energy of a photon is greater than the conduction band gap of the material, the photon excites the electron to transition from the bound state into the conduction band, resulting in a photocurrent.

Temperature. The temperature of the material affects the thermal motion and band structure of the electrons, which affects the magnitude of the photocurrent. Within a certain range, the increase in temperature will increase the thermal motion of electrons, promote the transition of electrons, and thus increase the magnitude of photocurrent.

Illumination time. The length of the light duration also affects the magnitude of the photocurrent. When the illumination time is short, the number of electron transitions is less, and the magnitude of the photocurrent is correspondingly smaller. When the illumination time is longer, the number of electron transitions is larger, and the magnitude of the photocurrent is correspondingly larger.

In conclusion, the magnitude of photocurrent is related to a variety of factors, including light intensity, sensitivity of the material, band structure, temperature, and illumination time. In practical applications, it is necessary to select the appropriate materials and light sources according to the specific situation to obtain sufficient photocurrent signals to achieve various photoelectric conversion applications.

Whether the photoelectric effect can occur or not depends only on the frequency of the incident light (i.e., the energy of the photons).

The intensity of the photocurrent is related to the intensity of the light and its distribution.

What affects the intensity of the photocurrent is the number of incident photons (the frequency of these photons should not be less than the limit frequency). The macroscopic manifestation is light intensity. The initial kinetic energy only affects the energy of the photoelectrons, not the quantity.

The saturated photocurrent intensity is proportional to the light intensity at the same frequency, but the quantum efficiency (the ratio of the number of photoelectrons excited in the same time to the number of photoelectrons to the metal surface) at different frequencies (higher than the limit frequency) is different at the same light intensity, which is more complex and requires specific analysis of specific problems.

In high school, according to the current textbook description, only the change of photocurrent intensity with light intensity (proportional) under the condition of constant frequency is considered. This generally does not require calculation, and it is enough to know qualitative judgment.

i=nesv refers to the velocity of electrons or ions, not the frequency of light.

The photoelectric basin is not related to the optical frequency because the photocurrent is the macroscopic manifestation of the electrons, and the amount of current depends on the concentration of the mobile electrons, and the concentration of the mobile electrons depends on the intensity of the light.

When high-frequency light hits an electron, the velocity of the electron is relatively large, but when the electron at this velocity collides with other ions, the velocity is lost. The driving force that really drives the flow of electrons is the concentration difference of the electrons, i.e., the electromotive force.