In which book, by which author, and from whom, by what time?

Spreading falsehood means spreading words that are incorrect or inconsistent with the actual situation, and the more they are spread, the more wrong they become. From Song Yu Yan's "Rotten Talk on the Table": "It is said in the world that Nuwa mends the sky and refines the five-color stone here, so it is called quarrying, and it is false. ”

In which period he was seated and dressed in the Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties.

Self-contradiction" comes from Han Fei, an outstanding thinker, philosopher, and essayist at the end of the Warring States period.

Original: zhi

The Chu people have shields and spears, and the reputation of the dao says: "The strength of my shield cannot be trapped." He also praised his spear and said:

The benefits of my spear are not trapped in things. Or rather"What is the spear of the son and the shield of the son?

His people can also respond. Everyone laughed. The shield that cannot be trapped and the spear that is not trapped cannot stand together in the world.

Translation: During the Warring States Period, there was a man in the state of Chu who sold spears and shields, and he first boasted that his shield was very hard, saying: "No matter what you use, you can't destroy it!"

Then he boasted of the sharpness of his spear and said, "Anything can be destroyed by it!" ”。

The marketmen questioned him, "What will happen to your shield if you pierce your shield with your spear?" The man couldn't. The crowd laughed at him. It is impossible for a shield that cannot be pierced and a spear that cannot be pierced and cannot be pierced coexist.

Extended Materials. Han Feizi was a Korean nobleman during the Warring States Period, born in Xinzheng, the capital of Korea at the end of the Warring States Period (now Zheng Han's Ancient City, Xinzheng City, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province). Han Fei is proficient in "the study of criminal name spells", "and its origin is Huang Lao".

and Qin Xiang Li Si are both students of Xunzi. Han Fei's article is outstanding, and even Li Si sighs to himself.

Han Fei traced his own doctrine back to the Taoist Huang Lao's technique, and he had a considerable study of Lao Tzu's "Tao Te Ching". Han Fei was a materialist philosopher at the end of the Warring States period and a master of Legalist thought.

"Spreading falsehood" means spreading falsely what was originally incorrect.

This canon is from the fifty-first chapter of "Dream of Red Mansions": "Although these two things have not been examined, throughout the ages, they have been falsely spread, and those who do good things have deliberately made these fools." ”

One day, Li Kun, Xiangyun, Baochai, Baoqin, Daiyu, Baoyu and others played with lantern riddles. Li Kun first said: "I made up a "Four Books", that is, "Guanyin has no family biography", and I will make a guess for everyone to guess.

Daiyu smiled, "I guess." Is it 'good but not good'?

Everyone laughed and said they had guessed right. Li Kun said again: "Wen'er made up a 'water flows cold to the side of the stone', and it is an ancient name.

Tanchun smiled and said, "It's Shantao, right?" Li Kun said

That's right. After hearing this, Baochai said: "Although these are very good, they are not very suitable for the old lady's wishes, so it is better to make something simple and elegant and vulgar to appreciate."

Xiangyun thought for a while and said with a smile: "I made up a 'dotted lip', it's really a vulgar thing, guess it." As he spoke, he said:

The separation of streams and ravines, the red dust game, what is the fun? Fame and fortune are still in vain, and it will be difficult to continue in the future. The crowd was puzzled.

Baoyu thought for a long time and said, "It must be a monkey." Xiangyun smiled

Exactly. The crowd asked, "How do you explain that last sentence?"

After laughing, Li Kun said: "Yesterday, I heard Aunt Xue say that Sister Baoqin has seen a lot of the world, the road she has traveled is far, and the poems are good, so I asked her to make up a few riddles for everyone to guess." After a while, Bao Qin smiled and said:

I have walked in a lot of places, and now I have selected ten of them and made ten nostalgic poems, each poem has a hidden vulgar thing, please guess it. After Baoqin wrote the poem, everyone passed it on to each other. After reading it, all of them are wonderful.

Baochai said: "Of these ten poems, the first eight are based on historical evidence, but the last two cannot be examined, whether it can be made into two more." Daiyu immediately said:

The last two poems have no basis in history, so why not? Sister Bao is too glue and drumming. Li Kun also continued:

These two things can't be examined and it doesn't matter, throughout the ages, there have been many people who have spread falsehoods, so just keep them. "For the hidden things in the last two songs, everyone guessed for a long time and didn't guess.

[Explanation] to: take, put; False: False. It refers to passing on the wrong words that are incorrect, and the more they are transmitted, the more wrong they become.

The Ding family of the ancient Song Dynasty has no well, and the irrigation is drawn, and often one person lives outside. and his home through the well, and the teller said: "I have to go through the well alone."

Some people who heard it said: "Ding's people have to wear the well." "The country is humane, and it is heard by Song Jun.

Song Jun asked Ding's question. Ding said: "If you have one person, you have to be in the well."

This article is excerpted from "Lü's Chunhe, Shen Xing Lan, Cha Biography".

Song: In the Spring and Autumn Period, the Song Kingdom.

Irrigation: Drawing water to irrigate the ground. Irrigation: sound gai, watering. Ji: Yinji, draw water from a well.

And: Wait. Piercing: Digging wells, digging wells.

The people of the capital talk about it. Country: The ancient capital was also called "country".

Heard it to Song Jun - this matter was heard by Song Jun. Zhi: The pronoun refers to the fact that "Ding's pierced the well and got a person", which is the object of "smell". Yu: Preposition: When "been" is spoken, the initiative is introduced. Song Jun: Song Guojun.

Ask Ding about it – ask Ding about it. Yu: Preposition: When "to" speaks.

Make-use, refers to labor.

There was no well in the courtyard of the Ding family in the Song Kingdom, so he could only go out to fetch water, and he was often alone outside. When the well was drilled in his yard, the family told outsiders: "I dug the well as if I got a man."

The people who heard this told each other, "The Ding family dug a well and dug out a man. "The people of the country are discussing this matter, and the monarch of the Song State heard about it.

The story of revelation teaches us to pay attention to our field research and not to believe gossip. Hearsay and rumors must be investigated and analyzed, otherwise there will be no distinction between right and wrong, false rumors, mistakes in things, and even deception. (Or:.)

Seeing is believing, and do not spread falsehood; Or: Be clear in your speech. ）