A short English translation, electrical major to reply within 1 day

The figures show that the VCCS of the basic circuit of section 1 A is floating.

Load. Load, in fact, is in the feedback path. The rupee is one.

The development voltage of the current sensing resistor is directly proportional.

with load current.

Note the inclusion of resistors RB in Figure 1a and subsequently.

Description of Digital Non-Inverted VCCS. This resistance.

It is present to prevent non-inverting inputs from floating.

When the input voltage source is disconnected or goes high.

The period of power during the impedance. The regular budget provides a path.

An amplifier and a command amplifier that input bias current.

In case the output current is zero, the VIN is disconnected or.

Go to high impedance. The figures show the execution of paragraph 1 1 b.

One VCCS is a floating load. increase in low frequency.

Components are referenced, road, and RF have any effect and have been included.

Only the insured is stable. Consider these components.

Discussed in the section "Stable Floating Loads."

VCCS" covers subsequent applications in this regard.

Table 4 shows a form of current input in the CCCS or current control power supply, which is actually a current amplifier. This circuit is useful for a variety of applications where the current is output, an analog signal converter, or when a current is in.

Stability of VCCS current loads.

There is a load in the feedback loop of the circuit, which has a great impact on stability. If the load is always ignored, the analysis is simple and no additional components such as CF and RD are required to ensure stability. However, in actual operation, we often encounter very complex load problems, such as the load of magnetic coils and motors.

The stability analysis is easily done with the help of the "closure ratio" technique, in which the feedback signal is used to obtain the amplifier open-loop data. With this technology, we can get the information we need by querying the enlarged data table. The closure rate is related to the reaction of the feedback loop and the AOL intersection of the amplifier.

If the slope of the intersection connection does not exceed 20 dB per 10 octaves, the circuit is stable. For example, an amplifier in 1a**. Suppose a PA07 amplifier equipped with an ohmic current sense resistor can be used to drive a 50 H coil with a series resistance of 1 ohm.

In Table 5, we have added the response data for the PA07 and the sense resistor AOL table.

Figure 4 shows that the current input version is actually a toddler center, or current control current source. It's a real electric current.

Amplifier. This track may be useful with current output electronic Tar-Analogue Converter (DAC) or in any case application.

It is currently available as an input.

Stable floating load VCCS

Because the load is in the feedback loop for all of them.

circuit, it will have a significant impact on the stabilization. If the load.

It has always been a pure resistance, analysis, will be simple and.

Many circuits do not require any additional components.

such as CF and Road) insured for stability. In the real world, however, we usually find ourselves using these circuit drivers.

This complex load acts as a magnetic coil and a motor.

Stability analysis is the easiest achievement with the "rate."

Closed" techniques, such as the reaction to feedback.

Plan the open-loop gain to the amplifier. Uses of this technology:

Information is readily available on the data sheet of any amplifier.

The closure of the interest rate refers to how the feedback is reacted.

and amplifier AOL. If the combined crossing of the slope does not exceed 20 dB every 10 years, the circuit will be an example, considering the amplifier in the figure 1 a. The ohmic current sense resistor that bears the PA07 amplifier will be used to drive a 1 50 h coil with a series resistance of 1 ohm.

In Figure 5 we have the PA07 reactive load and responsibility of the PA07 resistors superimposed on the AOL.

I don't know if that's right.

Shouting that it was all machine flipped

To get a satisfactory translation, I suggest that you divide this passage into 10 parts, each with 10 points, and many people will translate it for you. This is my personal experience, because I find those large paragraphs of articles to be more unpopular. No matter how high it is, it's useless.

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A method of analyzing the closed stability of interest rates.

Curate the response of the feedback to the amplifier's response.

Determine stability. Any feedback amplifier for this closed-loop gain is in view.

Closed-loop gain. is a term that describes attenuation from an output signal.

to signal feedback to the input (see Figure 10) in the other.

In other words, it is the proportional voltage that is fed back to the amplifier exceeded.

The output voltage of the amplifier. (vfeedback = vout) is used in the example using this application note, drawn.

The response to the Silver Two Amplifier was to promote the planning of 1

Equivalent to a closed-loop reaction (1 amplification circuit.

and superposition, which reacts to the opening of the amplifier.

Response. This is "equal to a closed-loop reaction", too.

Known as the noise gain, AV (n).

In Figure 5, for example, the curve is called feedback.

Response, in fact, represents a closed loop.

Noise gain response of the amplifier due to feedback.

The network constitutes a shackle and a sense of responsibility, resistors. In Figure 6, additional feedback responses are compared to the road, and RF is curated.

Independent of all other reactions. There are several.

Important points that must be noted when using these graphics:

1 。In the case of many feedback networks, such as in numbers.

6. React with the lowest noise gain in any given way.

Frequency will dominate the feedback path. in numbers.

Six, this dominant feedback path is label A.

2 。Whenever the noise gain and the open-loop gain intersect.

With the merging slope, or the rate is closed, more than 20

Decibels ten years, poor stability will be the result. 40 dB for ten years.

A certain oscillation, because this represents 180 degrees.

Phase shift. An example of this is shown in Figure 5.

Conversion of voltage to current.

A voltage-controlled current source (i.e., VCCS) can be used as a payload for component testing or motor torque control. Torque is a direct equation of the current in the motor, so torque control can be simplified. The current drive in the feeding loop reduces the phase lag caused by motor self-induction and simplifies the stability of the loop.

Depending on whether the load needs to be grounded or not, the power operating amps of the VCCS will assume one of two basic combinations.

This is recommended to be better than mating.

Which one is probably best done with a pre-packaged ruler blind resistor.

By the network of the excellent than the competition. The line of the figure.

8 actually needed a tiny amount of errors combined in those two.

RF) resistors are repaid elsewhere for erroneous binding, it is suggested that the inclusion of the trimpot may be required.

Get the most out of it.

Stabilized with forced grounding load lines.

Forced to ground the load line significantly wide sleepy laugh big from one.

Settle down. Usually, no additional measures are needed.

Insurance is taken and settled.

Any stability problems that do arise may be a consequence.

The output impedance of the line where the capacitance appears.

Equal capacity can be expressed as following:

**: fo = Gain Attitude - Bandwidth product.

Horn barrel. This one capacity can be generated in an inductive load.

Most often in the rapid transformation of the problems that are full.

The only effective remuneration is simple"Q-Pain Sufferer"

Technique: Decide the frequency of the co-wooing that inductive.

The load and output capacity of the line. Then, select one.

The resistance is worth one-tenth of the reactance of the grantor there.

The frequency of co-whining. Add a series of capacitors with one reactance.

At that co-whine frequency is equal to one-tenth of the resistance.

Value. An interactive method will put a small grantee.

Moreover, with rs in the series of moisture resistance.

Please note that these are similar techniques used for stabilization.

The vertex described by the magnetic deflection amplifier is a 5, high-precision magnetic deflection".

The current output is a ground load.

The VCCS is sometimes referred to as a ground load.

As an improvement on Holand's current pumps. "It actually is.

A difference amplifier in which the senses are input signals and.

Differences in feedback.

Figure 7 shows the general paradigm, which is related to its VCCS

related transfer functions.

First, and one of the special considerations for this track, is that there are two input resistors (in and two feedback resistors).

RF) must fit closely. Even a slight mismatch can cause large errors in the transfer function and degradation.

The output impedance causes the circuit to become one less real.

Current source. As an example, match the requirements, consider.

The practical example uses PA07 in Figure 8. Matching resistors.

As close cooperation, as tolerances allow for production, output.

Impedance 43 k ohms. 1 of the mismatch reduces production.

The impedance is 200 ohms, and nearly 20 errors are introduced to the transfer function.

Biologists and engineers from various disciplines will make their own contributions to the development of biotechnology. As a catch-all description for scientists or engineers who use skills and techniques to work with biomaterials, the term biotechnologist has crept into our vocabulary. However, because this word only leads to confusion, the use of this word should be discontinued.

In contrast, a biochemical engineer is a process engineer who applies the knowledge of a biologist to practical operations. Biochemical engineers will be trained in the principles of science and engineering and will be engaged in biotechnology process design and technical operations.

A variety of professional biologists and engineers will make their personal contributions to biotechnology. This technology has been incorporated into our vocabulary as an all-encompassing description of the processing of biomaterials by scientists or engineers who focus on applying their skills and knowledge. However, the use of this term should be discontinued, as it will only lead to confusion.

In contrast to the role of the biochemical engineer and the process engineer is to transfer the knowledge of the bioscientist into practical operation. A biochemical engineer has been trained in the scientific and engineering principles of potential biological manipulation design.

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