This is a brief introduction to the development of modern architecture in China

1) Enlightenment period: primitive society Han Dynasty; Features: China's wood structure construction technology has been gradually improved. People mastered the technique of rammed earth, fired bricks and tiles, and built stone buildings.

2) Development period: Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties; Features: The yield, quality and timber framing technology of bricks and tiles have been improved. A large number of Buddhist buildings were built.

3) Mature period: Sui and Tang dynasties; Features: The application of bricks is more extensive, the firing of glass is more progressive, and the proportion of building components gradually tends to be stereotyped.

4) The period of great transformation: Song Dynasty; Features: The specifications of the buildings of the Song Dynasty are generally smaller than those of the Tang Dynasty, but they are more beautiful than the Tang Dynasty, splendid and full of changes, and various complex forms of palaces and pavilions appear.

5) Development period: Yuan Dynasty; Features: A large number of Tibetan Buddhist temples and Islamic worship temples have been built. The architectural art of Tibetan Buddhism and Islam has influenced the whole country.

6) Peak period: Ming and Qing dynasties; Features: The production of bricks has increased dramatically, and the quantity and quality of glazed tiles have surpassed those of any previous dynasty. Official buildings have been highly standardized and stereotyped.

Modern Chinese architecture refers to Chinese architecture since the mid-19th century.

From the outbreak of the Opium War in 1840 to the founding of the People's Republic of China in 1949, Chinese architecture showed the characteristics of a blend of Chinese and Western cultures and a variety of styles. During this period, the traditional Chinese old building system still occupied a numerical advantage, but the entertainment industry, service industry buildings such as theaters, restaurants, inns, and commercial buildings such as department stores, shopping malls, and vegetable markets generally broke through the traditional architectural pattern, expanded the space for interpersonal activities, and established Western-style storefronts that combined Chinese and Western styles. Western architectural styles are also present in China's architectural activities, and in Shanghai, Tianjin, Qingdao, Harbin and other concession cities, foreign consulates, foreign banks, banks, restaurants, clubs and other foreign buildings have appeared. During this period, modern national architecture also appeared, which achieved the unity of new functions, new technologies, new shapes and national styles.

After the founding of the People's Republic of China in 1949, China's architecture entered a new historical period, and the large-scale and planned national economic construction promoted the vigorous development of the construction industry. In terms of quantity, scale, type, regional distribution and level of modernization, Chinese modern architecture has broken through the limitations of modern times and shown a new attitude. Since the 80s of the last century, Chinese architecture has gradually tended to be open and compatible, and Chinese modern architecture has begun to develop to diversification.

The time frame of modern Chinese architecture was delineated from the Opium War in 1840 to the founding of the People's Republic of China in 1949. It can be roughly divided into four stages of development:

1) Opium War to Sino-Japanese War.

Period (1840-1895). This is the stage when modern Western architecture began to be introduced to China. There are two main types of construction activities.

On the one hand, the imperialists built a large number of new buildings in the leased area of China's treaty ports, most of which were brick and wood mixed structures popular in the West at that time, and the appearance was mostly in the European classical style, and some were in the coupon gallery style. On the other hand, there are Westernists and national capitalists.

Most of the houses built for the establishment of new businesses are still wood-framed structures like handicraft workshops, and a small number of them have been mixed with brick and wood.

2) From the First Sino-Japanese War to the May Fourth Movement.

Period (1895-1919). This was the stage when the influence of Western-style architecture expanded and the new building system was initially formed.

3) The May Fourth Movement to the War of Resistance Against Japan.

Outbreak period (1919-1937). This is the stage of prosperity and development of China's modern architecture, and a number of new modernizations have been built.

High-rise buildings with high levels. Combined with the actual situation in China, he has created some modern buildings with Chinese characteristics.

4) From the outbreak of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression to the founding of the People's Republic of China

Period (1937-1949). This was a period of stagnation in modern Chinese architecture. During the Sino-Japanese War, China's construction industry was in a state of depression. The style of modern Chinese architecture is quite complex.

The time frame of modern Chinese architecture is from the Opium War in 1840 to the founding of the People's Republic of China in 1949. Chinese architecture in this period is in a transitional period of connecting the past and the next, the intersection of China and the West, and the succession of the old and the new, which is Chinese architecture.

A stage of rapid change in the history of development. On the one hand, it is the continuation of traditional Chinese architectural culture, and on the other hand, it is the spread of foreign architectural culture from the West, and the interaction (collision, intersection and integration) of these two architectural activities constitutes the main line of modern Chinese architectural history.

There are three main types of modern Chinese architecture:

1) Western-style architecture in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries--- modern Chinese architecture characterized by imitation or copying of Western architecture.

2) Traditional architecture --- the twenties of the twentieth century: to imitate ancient Chinese architecture.

or the transformation of modern Chinese architecture.

3) New architecture --- the thirties of the twentieth century: modern Chinese architecture under the impact of the "international" new architectural trend in Europe and the United States.

The courtyard houses in the north have been transformed into western-style houses where both soil and foreign land coexist.