How does the submarine storm form?

A few years ago, when scientists were investigating the waters south of Nova Scotea on the Atlantic coast of the northeastern United States, they were surprised by two things: the water collected from the seabed at a depth of 5,000 meters was so turbid that it was 100 times more turbid than the average ocean; It can be seen from the ** taken on the seabed that there are regular ripples on the surface of the flat seabed sediment, as if a gust of wind has just blown, leaving a ripple on the water surface. In the usually very calm world of the deep sea, it is incomprehensible that such a strange phenomenon occurs.

Could it be that there is also a "storm" under the deep sea? To find out why, American oceanographers and geologists conducted a scientific expedition in the southern sea of Nova Scotea called the "Heber Experiment". The expedition collected seabed water samples, photographed the seabed**, measured the transparency of the seawater, and set up a series of self-recorded currents on the seabed to continuously measure the bottom current for a long time.

Scientists took another sample of turbid water during the "Heber experiment", which once again showed that the disturbance of the bottom water in the experimental area was indeed extremely strong. Scientists have also found that the degree of turbidity of the seawater here varies greatly with location and time, and the closer to the seabed, the greater the turbidity of the seawater; There was a spot where the sea was very turbid, but a week later it suddenly cleared again.

The experiment also found that the transparency of the sea here also varies greatly. There is a transparency meter that observes three periods of extreme darkness, each lasting 3 to 5 days, and the darkness is so dark that you can't see your fingers, and the water is dirtier than the waters of any estuary or harbor in the world.

Scientists believe this is due to a 1-kilometer-long "cloud" of sediment "cloud" undercurrents rolling at the bottom of the sea. It is like a "storm" on the bottom of the sea, very violent, blowing up the sediment on the bottom of the sea, making the sea extremely turbid. But why is this deep-sea current so intense?

Some oceanographers believe that this is the result of the Gulf Stream, a powerful current coming from nearby, oscillating from side to side; Other oceanographers believe that there is a south-and-north-trending seabed uplift in the area, and that this undulating place causes the deep sea to be violently disturbed; Other scientists have pointed out that there are underwater extinct volcanic mountains in the southern part of the "Heber experiment" area, and that this seafloor undulation can also change the direction of ocean currents and form violent eddies. Scientists have mixed accounts, and the cause of this deep-sea undercurrent remains a natural mystery to be revealed.

How storms are formed.

Nowadays, in the field of science, scientists have solved many world problems, and more and more truths have been developed by people, which makes people marvel at the greatness of science. I believe that everyone has the experience of going to the beach to play, and will often see foam storms on the sea, how is this formed? <>

Depending on the nature of the storm, storm surge is usually divided into two categories: storm surge caused by typhoons and extratropical storm surge caused by extratropical cyclones. There is a bubble storm on the surface of the sea, as the name suggests, there is a lot of white foam floating on the sea, and the blue sea surface encounters this phenomenon, just like the sea has lost itself, and the breeze blows like a white cotton sea. This situation is actually very dangerousScientists explain that it is because there is some kind of mixture in the sea.

This is a rare phenomenon, which is an abnormal rise in the sea level due to strong atmospheric disturbances.

At first glance, it may seem that the sea water is also surging along with the waves, but what is actually coming is only the uneven ripples on the surface of the water, and the water is just swaying back and forth. By looking at the seaweed floating on the surface of the water and gently shaken by the waves, you can see the mysteries of the seaweed. The waves crashing on the shore were all caused by the wind blowing on the sea in the distance.

Even when storms are rampant on the sea, the depths of the ocean are still calm, absorbing the energy of the wind while moving in the same direction as the wind. If the wind doesn't stop, the waves will get stronger downwind. When blown by a strong wind, the waves splash at the crest of the waves, raising white ripples, which do not disappear immediately after the wind stops.

The jagged fine lines slowly round and become ripples, which can travel far distances even without wind. The waves that lap on the shore are the ripples that reach the shore. Because the fluctuations of the sea water are confined to the vicinity of the sea surface, when the depth of the water is much greater than the wavelength of the wave, the sea water moves in a circular motion on the vertical plane.

When the ripples reach the shore, the water changes from deep to shallow, and the water begins to reciprocate between the direction of the wave and its opposite.

This phenomenon is generally accompanied by large waves, and many substances will be washed by the waves, and then form layers of foam on the beach, which are very thick and even appear milky white. You may think that this foam is different from our usual foam, but scientists have confirmed that it is exactly the same as the foam we have seen, so this scene is very unique. But it is also very curious, and after researchers speculated, this may be due to the presence of some mixture in the ocean and then mixed together, which may also be the cause of the formation of foam storms.

A large amount of fresh water flowing out of the river enters the ocean and mixes with chemicals, dead plants, and seaweed excrement in the sea to form a bubble storm.

The accumulation of foam on the surface of the sea is usually caused by pollution and creates a vicious cycle of destruction of the ecological balance of the relevant waters. In some cases, the foam is toxic and should not be touched without protection.

Scientists have found that the foam storm that appears on the surface of the sea is formed by the influence of gravity.

In life, people can see storms on land, and some people have even experienced surviving the storm by death. The phenomenon of storms at the bottom of the sea is even more unimaginable. In recent years, marine scientists have discovered that the seabed is not calm, and that various rapids similar to hurricanes on land sweep all year round.

Submarine "storms" cause seawater to move at speeds of up to 50 meters per second. In some areas, such undersea storms occur 5 to 10 times a year.

According to the survey, submarine storms occur when the energy of the sea and atmospheric movement is concentrated to a certain extent. The first thing that appears is the whirlpool, a large area of seawater that continuously makes a vortex-like motion, agitating the currents in the sea. The longer the storm lasts above the sea, the more ferocious the waves will be, and the more energy will be transferred to the bottom of the sea, so the submarine storm is generated.

A tornado is a very powerful cyclone. Although the range is small, it is destructive.

The round of the tornado is well formed.

The cause of the tornado is currently inconclusive. It is generally believed that in thunderstorm clouds with particularly strong convective movements in summer, the temperature difference between the upper and lower levels is very large. When a strong updraft reaches the altitude, if it encounters a very horizontal wind, it will force the updraft to turn downward, resulting in many vortices.

After further intense disturbances in the upper and lower air, this vortex will gradually expand, forming a horizontal column of air rotation. Then, one end of this air-rotating column gradually sticks out of the cloud base in the shape of a funnel, which is called a tornado.

When an undersea storm hits, a landscape similar to an onshore desert dust storm can also occur on the seabed. Some marine scientists took a fully enclosed submersible and dived to a depth of five or six thousand meters to observe the submarine storm. Submarine storms are spectacular, and the places they pass through, whether they are animals, plants, reefs, or submarine communication cables and measuring instruments, are buried under the sedimentary layer.

The energy of an undersea storm is rare. The most violent undersea storm is as devastating as a storm on land with winds of up to kilometres per hour, and winds above 119 kilometres per hour are hurricane levels.

The destructive nature of undersea storms has been vividly described. The consequences of a ship sailing in the sea encountering an "undersea storm" are like a normal highway being hollowed out all at once, and the roadbed below the road surface cannot withstand the pressure, causing people and vehicles to fall into it together. In the deep sea and oceanic areas, if there are conditions for the convergence of the current field and the ship happens to sail here, if it encounters an undersea storm, the consequences will be like falling into the abyss.

At the bottom of the sea, if a "submarine storm" suddenly erupts, it will definitely form a trap, and the submarine will immediately sink dozens of meters as it sails by. Generally speaking, the duration of the rapids is relatively short, and after the rapids subside, the submarine will slowly and automatically ascend. However, if the navigator does not have sufficient understanding of the phenomenon of "submarine rapids", it is very easy to commit operational taboos, and it is likely to mistakenly start the power of the internal combustion engine with extremely high oxygen consumption in order to achieve the purpose of rapid afloat.

As a result, in just a few minutes, the oxygen in the boat will be depleted, suffocating, and there will be no time to send out a distress signal.

Storm at sea.

Torrential floods, landslides and ferocious mudslides can sweep away or bury villages in the mountains. If people don't have time to take refuge, they will be wiped out.

In coastal areas, such storms and rains can also be hit by strong storm surges. Under the action of violent storms, the sea waves set off huge waves, and rows of waves pushed towards the shore with strong winds, and the tidal waves crashed against the reef or breakwater on the shore. The power of the storm surge can not only break the breakwater, but even throw the multi-ton "sea protection cow" on the shore into the sea.

Storm surge is a major "natural and man-made disaster" for people living near the sea.

Submarine storms are more likely to provide an important basis for the creation of life because they carry nutrients from the seafloor to the surface. Submarine storms form bizarre swirls under the sea, so it's more appropriate to call them eddies.

This counterclockwise vortex comes from the Agulas Current, which flows in the waters off southeastern Africa and southern South Africa. The Agoulas Vortex, also known as the "currentsphere", is expected to be the largest ocean eddy in the world, carrying warm salt water from the Indian Ocean to the South Atlantic. The Agulas Vortex carries small fish off the continental shelf.

If a vortex passes through the fishing area, the catch will be greatly reduced.

Due to the abnormal changes in the climate, strange storms and sandstorms can occur on land. Whenever the storm comes, the sky will suddenly gray and gray, and suddenly the sky will be covered with dark clouds, and in the distant sky, with the light of lightning, there will be bursts of rumbling thunder. At this time, strong winds are blowing, and torrential rain pours down.

In nature, there are different winds in different regions and seasons, but winds are formed by air flow.

In coastal places, there is a sea breeze during the day and a land breeze at night. This is because the sun shines on the earth, and the temperature on the land of Shirahashi Yuten, which is higher than the sea surface, and the hot air on the land is constantly rising, and the cold air on the sea surface is constantly flowing to the land to replenish it, and this air flow from the sea to the land forms the sea breeze. At night, the temperature on land drops very quickly, and the temperature on the sea surface drops very slowly, so the temperature on the sea surface is higher than on land, so the cold air on land is supplemented by flowing to the sea surface, and this atmospheric flow forms the land breeze.

In the mountains, there are also valley winds. When the sun comes out during the day, the sunlight shines on the hillside, and the temperature of the air layer close to the hillside rises, and the hot air rises along the hillside, and the cold air rises from the valley to the top of the mountain to replenish it, and this top-down air flow forms the valley wind. At night, when the sun has set, the summit and the mountainside cool very quickly, so the thin layer of air near the summit and the mountainside also cools quickly, while the air that accumulates in the valley is still warm, and the cold air near the summit and the mountainside flows to the bottom of the valley, forming a valley wind.

In most parts of our country, the southeast wind blows in summer and the northwest wind blows in winter, this is because our country is bordered by the Pacific Ocean in the east, and the sensitive rotten rock is irradiated by the sun in summer, and the temperature on the continent is higher than that of the ocean, and the cold air flows from the ocean to the mainland, so the southeast wind blows. In winter, the temperature on the continent is lower than that of the ocean, and the cold air from the continent flows to the ocean, so the northwest calendar winds are blowing.

Whether it is the sea breeze, land breeze, valley breeze, northwest wind, southeast wind, it is formed by the sun's irradiation that causes the earth's atmosphere to flow.