How to disinfect the soil for cultivating flowers and plants?

Now there are more and more people who like to raise flowers, many flower friends will put a few pots of flowers at home, we raise flowers to plant it in pots and need soil, so now most of the flowers will choose to buy soil, if you raise less, you will choose to find a little humus soil or the like, or ferment yourself, if you buy the finished soil, most of them have done a good job of disinfection, but the fermented soil you go to find contains germs, eggs and live bodies of pests, and weed seeds. Therefore, we use these flowers to mix and find the soil, to do a good job of sterilization and disinfection and insecticide eggs, today let's talk about several insecticidal eggs and disinfection methods.

First, the solar disinfection method.

We put the prepared nutrient soil on a clean cement floor, or an iron plate, spread out thinly, exposed to the sun, generally exposed to the sun for two or three days, the insects inside will run away, the eggs will almost die, if there is mold in it, it will be killed in large quantities, this method is the most commonly used, but also the most simple and easy method.

Second, the heating disinfection method.

There are many ways to heat it, Xiao Qi generally goes to get the fermented humus soil by himself, and the humus soil to find outside will find a large container, such as a flower pot, such as an incubator, etc., put the soil inside, boil a few pots of boiling water and pour it into it at one time, so that the boiling water is poured, the eggs will be scalded to death, and the mold and the like will be completely killed, so that the disinfection effect we want can be achieved. Of course, if we use a relatively small amount of soil, we can directly put it in a plastic bag, put it in the microwave oven to beat, and play it for 5 to 10 minutes, which can also play a role in disinfecting and killing insecticidal eggs.

Third, the method of disinfection of chemicals.

We collected the soil and mixed it with fungicides such as carbendazim, mancozeb and chlorothalonil. Then put some particles of insecticide in the soil, put it in a container to seal it, under normal circumstances, seal it for 24 48 hours, open it directly to the sun, and we can use it for backup after drying, mancozeb carbendazim and the like can play a bactericidal role, and put insecticides to kill insects and eggs in the soil, which is also a feasible method.

The soil is left to dry in the sun for three days, and then mixed with the nutrient solution to sterilize and disinfect.

A plant-specific disinfectant can be used to spray evenly on the soil surface. You can also use vinegar mixed with water to water the flowers. Vinegar has a good sterilization and disinfection effect.

Methods of soil disinfection for home flower raising.

Steam sterilization.

The method is to quietly dig the nutrients needed by the plants and heat them in a pressure cooker or steamer, generally to 60-100 degrees Celsius, for about 30-60 minutes. It should be noted that the heating time should not be too long, otherwise it will lead to the death of beneficial microorganisms that decompose the fertilizer and affect the fertility of the soil.

Solar disinfection.

The method is to place the prepared fertilizer on a clean cement floor, iron sheet or wooden board and spread a thin layer. Exposure to sunlight for 3 to 15 days kills a large number of pathogenic spores and hyphae in the soil, as well as nematodes and pests in them. The advantage of this method is that it is easy to operate, and the disadvantage is that it is not thorough enough.

Boiled sterilization.

The method is to put the nutrient soil in a pot, pour it into the water, and start boiling. After about 30 to 60 minutes, remove, strain the moisture, and dry until the humidity is moderate.

Fire disinfection.

A small amount of soil used for planting is placed in an iron plate or iron pot and then burned with fire. After the soil is dry, continue to burn for half an hour until a small grinding, you can completely eliminate the germs and pests in the soil.

Pharmaceutical disinfection method.

At home, it is also possible to disinfect the soil with chemicals. The method is to fumigate the soil with chemicals and sieve it. After spraying a layer of soil with chemicals, add another layer of soil, spray again, and so on.

Cover it with plastic at the end. After sealing for 5-7 days, open the ventilation for 3-5 days before it can be used. Generally, sulfur powder, carbendazim, zebze, and formaldehyde are used.

1. Steam disinfection method: the method is to put the nutrient soil required by the plant into a pressure cooker or steamer for heating, generally heating to 60 to 100 degrees Celsius, and the time is about 30 to 60 minutes. It should be noted that the heating time should not be too long, otherwise it will cause the death of beneficial microorganisms that decompose the fertilizer and affect the fertility of the soil.

2. Sunlight disinfection method: the method is to put the prepared fertilizer on a clean concrete floor, iron sheet or wooden board, spread a thin layer, and after 3 to 15 days of exposure to the sun, it can kill a large number of pathogenic spores and hyphae in the soil, as well as nematodes, pests, etc. The advantage of this method is that it is more convenient to operate, but the disadvantage is that it is not thorough enough.

3. Boiling and disinfection method: the method is to put the nutrient soil into the pot, pour in water and start boiling, take it out after about 30 to 60 minutes, filter the water, and dry it until the humidity is moderate.

4. Fire disinfection method: put a small amount of soil for planting into an iron plate or iron pot, burn it with fire, and continue to burn it for half an hour to an hour after the soil is dry, so that the bacteria and pests in the soil can be eliminated.

5. Pharmaceutical disinfection method: In the family, the agent can also be used to disinfect the soil, the method is to fumigate the soil with the agent, spray a layer of soil and then add a layer of soil, and then spray, and so on, and finally cover it with a thin plastic touch, after 5 to 7 days of closure, it will be opened, and it can be used for 3 to 5 days. Sulfur powder, multiling, zebsen and formaldehyde are generally used.

Exposure to the sun, drying the spray wet, and then drying, so repeated several times, let the odor evaporate part with the water vapor, and at the same time wash the basin and dry it, the pottery pot is best to soak in water for a few days and dry. Otherwise, the water absorbed by the clay pot will also stink, and the water will also stink. It's better to change to a plastic basin.

In this way, the soil will reduce the odor. Put some mint leaves to remove some odor, and it is best to change the soil.

Soil is particularly important for growing a variety of plants, as it is the substrate for healthy plant growth. With healthy flower soil, the soil can protect the root system well and provide sufficient nutrients for the root system. However, if there are insect eggs in the soil, these insect eggs will eat the roots, leaves, etc. of the plant after development, affecting the normal growth of flowers and plants.

1. It can be disinfected by sunlight. The prepared flower soil can be spread on the ground and left in the sun for 5-7 days. During the drying process, the soil needs to be pruned regularly to allow the flower soil to receive even light.

Kills germs and insect eggs in the soil. In addition, the best option is in the afternoon when the sun is scorching.

2. Spraying disinfection can be used. 400-500 ml of potassium permanganate or 40% formaldehyde can be added to 50-fold diluted water and evenly sprayed in the soil. Before disinfection, the soil needs to be evenly stacked on the cement surface, sprayed with the agent and turned to accelerate the penetration of the agent, so that the agent can penetrate into the soil as soon as possible.

3. It can be sterilized by frying in an iron pan. Put the prepared flower soil into an iron pot, fry the flower soil for 30-40 minutes in the outdoor stove, and you can achieve the effect of high temperature sterilization. After frying, put the soil in the sun to dry for a few days, turn it several times a day, and dry it for 2 to 3 days before it can be used.

4. High-temperature steaming can be used to sterilize, pour the prepared soil into hot water, put it in a steamer and steam it for 40-60 minutes. Note that the steaming time should not be too long. If it takes more than 1 hour, nutrients in the soil will appear.

Decomposition reduces nutrients in the soil and is not conducive to the growth of plants. After that, the flower soil can be poured out and planted after 3 to 4 days in the sun.

The disinfectants commonly used in domestic flower planting are carbendazim, permanganate alkali, thiophanate, thiophanate-methyl, bacterium, formaldehyde solution, etc. In terms of efficiency, the use of chemical agents to disinfect the soil is the fastest and best operation, and the amount of soil that can be treated is larger, but the cost of chemical disinfection is generally higher, and the drug residues may have certain harms, which have a certain adverse impact on the growth of flowers. Therefore, the most common method of soil disinfection is still high-temperature sterilization.

You can also use boiling water to scald the soil to disinfect the soil, which is a way to disinfect flowers. However, if the amount of flower soil is relatively large, it will be more troublesome to scald it with boiling water, and direct exposure to the sun will basically have a good effect. If it is a small amount of soil, you can scald it with boiling water and then dry it.

1. Sun exposure, put the soil in the sun and expose it to the sun for 2-3 days, which can remove most of the germs and insect eggs. Put the prepared culture soil on a clean concrete floor, wooden board or iron sheet and spread it flat, and expose it to the sun for 3 to 15 days, which can kill a large number of pathogenic spores, hyphae and eggs, pests, and nematodes. Although it is not thorough, it is most convenient to use this method.

2. Disinfectant: Different agents can be used in raising flowers at home to fumigate the soil, that is, after the soil is sieved, a layer of soil is sprayed with chemicals, a layer of soil is added, and then a layer of medicine is sprayed, and finally covered with plastic film, sealed for 5 7 days, and then open for ventilation for 3 5 days before use. Commonly used agents are formaldehyde, zebze, carbendazim, sulfur powder, etc.

Insecticides and carbendazim are mixed into the soil to effectively disinfect and sterilize. However, these harmful substances are easy to remain in the soil, and the agent must be volatilized after high temperature exposure when used.

The soil used for growing flowers is usually not disinfected. Disinfection is not required unless the soil is already infected.

Soil requirements. Due to the different habits of flowers and trees, the requirements for soil are also different, so the soil should be reasonably selected.

1. Sandy soil: soft and loose texture, no alkaline, good drainage effect, most suitable for cuttings, sowing and seedling raising of flowers and trees, but easy to dry out, not suitable for planting woody flowers.

2. Street soil: After full fermentation, it can be screened and used, because it has a certain fertilizer effect, suitable for planting perennial flowers and trees, and is more suitable for planting begonias, figs, pomegranates, etc.

3. Colloidal granular soil: because of its large voids, the drainage and ventilation effects are good, and the soil temperature is low, the evaporation of water and fertilizer is less, and the effect on planting mosa, smiling and jasmine is better.