How should lettuce be grown? How to fertilize scientifically?

In recent years, lettuce cultivation has been very popular, from professional growers to small family farmers, and even city dwellers will grow some lettuce for their own consumption in various seasons. Lettuce leaves are thin and tender, raw taste is slightly sweet, lettuce varieties have bulb lettuce, half variety selection is the most important requirement, if we choose a variety is not good, then you then how you plant the yield will not be very high. According to your local climatic conditions, cultivation season, cultivation methods and market demand, choose the right varieties.

Because the germination temperature of lettuce needs to be below 25 °, the lettuce can be germinated, the seeds can be soaked in water for 6-7 hours, and then wrapped in a cloth and placed in the fresh-keeping room of the refrigerator, waiting until more than half of the seeds are exposed.

<> lettuce is a herbaceous plant that likes cold and cold and avoids high temperatures, and the growth temperature should generally be between 15-22. The temperature suitable for seed germination should be controlled at 10 16 to ensure that the seed fully absorbs water and ensures the emergence rate; Lettuce balls are generally at a temperature of 12-The leaves of lettuce are tender and crisp, and are rich in nutrients such as protein, fat, sugar, vitamins and trace elements. Lettuce leaves contain lettuce, which has good health effects on promoting blood circulation, analgesia, diuresis, and sleep.

Lettuce There are many varieties of lettuce throughout the year, which can be divided into the following three types: erect lettuce, bulb lettuce, and wrinkled leaf lettuce. When we choose, we should choose varieties with higher yield, stronger disease resistance and early maturity as the first choice according to market demand.

Long-leaf lettuce Long-leaf lettuce, also known as erect lettuce, grows upright or semi-erect, the leaves are oblong-obovate, the leaf margins are wavy or jagged, the leaf surface is slightly wrinkled, and it does not form balls or can form loose cylindrical leaf-strengthening balls in the cold season. We use rotted livestock and poultry manure for base fertilizer, with a dosage of 2000 3000 kg per mu, plus 20 30 kg of compound fertilizer. In the growth period of lettuce, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer is better, 15 20 kg per mu, and 20 kg of compound fertilizer is applied when the heart leaves begin to curl inward.

Planting lettuce is suitable for spring and autumn, requiring the selection of loose and fertile and water-retaining and fertilizer-retaining slightly acidic soil as the cultivation medium, mixing lettuce seeds and fine sand evenly, spreading it into the soil, and waiting until the lettuce has 4-5 true leaves can be planted, and water and fertilizer need to be applied frequently during the vigorous growth period of lettuce. Before lettuce planting, combined with land preparation to make furrows, apply sufficient basal fertilizer, apply 2000 3000 kg of fully decomposed organic fertilizer per mu, and 20 kg of three-element compound fertilizer.

Lettuce should be selected seedlings, after planting to loosen the soil frequently, at the same time do not always water, to apply foot fertilizer, and at the same time according to the different stages of lettuce growth timely top dressing.

The function of potassium dihydrogen phosphate is mainly for the reproductive growth of crops, but potassium dihydrogen phosphate can also be used in the vegetative growth period of crops to supplement the lack of phosphorus and potassium elements in crop growth. The nutrients of potassium dihydrogen phosphate are 52% phosphorus and 34% potassium, which have a certain effect on supplementing the phosphorus and potassium elements required for the reproductive growth of crops. Because of the effect of phosphorus in promoting flowering and potassium fruit expansion, spraying potassium dihydrogen phosphate in the reproductive growth period has a certain effect on promoting flower bud differentiation, prolonging flowering period, promoting early maturity, increasing yield and improving quality of crops.

The cultivation of lettuce does not have special requirements for the soil. Generally speaking, barren mountains, wastelands, fields, and woodlands can be used to grow lettuce, as long as it is not those soils that are too acidic or too alkaline. There are also zongzi in my vegetable garden, and this lettuce is especially good to choose to grow lettuce in winter, which can be used to make this lettuce rice and can also be used to make hot pot.

If I had to ask for something, thenpHIt's best to stay around. An pH is more suitable for the growth of lettuce, after all, lettuce likes slightly acidic soil. It doesn't matter if the pH is not enough, just like a person has the best one health standard.

But sometimes we can't reach it and it doesn't affect our health, nor does it affect our normal growth, in fact, the same is true for growing vegetables. Although it requires a standard degree, as long as it is within the approximate range, it will not be much of a problem. <>

Lettuce planting soil must be kept moist, and there is a certain amount of humidity to grow better. Lettuce still prefers a humid environment, after all, lettuce needs a lot of water, if the water is insufficient, since it is easy to yellow and easy to dry up, it is not conducive to the growth of lettuce. Someone has done corresponding research, in the case of lack of water, lettuce does not grow well, is easy to yellow, and the taste is also very poor, so this point must be noted.

The soil for growing lettuce must be goodSun exposureIt will grow better when it is exposed to sufficient sunlight, and lettuce also needs a certain amount of fertilizer, because lettuce tends to grow faster in the middle and late stages, so it needs a lot of nutrients. We need to give supplements to this potash, phosphate, and nitrogen fertilizers, if the potassium fertilizer is insufficient, it will affect the photosynthesis of lettuce.

It also affects its growth and leaf hypertrophy. <>

Finally, lettuce planting soil must have a certain degree of air permeability, and we must turn the soil when planting. If the ventilation is good, the lettuce will grow well, because the ventilation is not good, and if the land is not ploughed, it is difficult for the root system of lettuce to extend downward.

The root system of lettuce in the soil is relatively shallow, and the requirements for planting soil are: soft, breathable, and moisturizing, do not choose the sticky and impermeable soil, do not choose the rusty and dry and water-deficient soil, and do not choose the land soil that is not exposed to the sun.

It is required to choose a slightly acidic soil with fertile, rich organic matter, strong water and fertility retention, good air permeability, and convenient drainage and irrigation.

When growing vegetables, the soil requirements should be suitable for temperature, moisture and humidity, and the soil should be kept soft.

When lettuce is planted, it is necessary to use this water-soluble fertilizer when the seedlings are raised. After the lettuce grows out, it is necessary to fertilize properly, and at the same time, it is necessary to carry out weeding and fertilization, generally speaking, using water solubility to fertilize and avoid burning seedlings.

It is necessary to pay attention to the selection of varieties, and also to use organic fertilizer in a timely manner, to supplement trace elements in a timely manner, to ensure that the outside temperature is not fertilized before rain.

In order to make lettuce grow normally and obtain good benefits of increasing yield and income, it is necessary to apply fertilizer reasonably, so that the vegetable field can maintain a suitable nutrient concentration, and let the lettuce maintain a moderate plant "seepage pit" effect. Insist on the perennial application of organic fertilizers such as plant straw, manure and human and animal manure to improve the aggregate structure of the soil and make water, fertilizer, gas and heat obviously coordinated. The soil that has been acidified or alkalized is transformed, in addition to increasing organic fertilizer, neutral fertilizer should also be applied in an appropriate amount, such as the soil is acidic, lime or plant ash can be applied to neutralize, the soil is alkaline, ammonium sulfate or superphosphate can be applied to adjust, in order to improve the acidification properties of vegetable soil.

Lettuce fertilization techniques

1. Open field cultivation

1. Basal fertilizer application

Lettuce is generally cultivated in the open field in autumn, and when cultivated in the open field, before planting lettuce, we must first do a good job of preparing the land and making furrows. After the soil is turned deeply, sufficient basal fertilizer is applied, and the basal fertilizer is mainly rotted farmhouse fertilizer. About 2500kg per mu is applied, with an appropriate amount of ternary compound fertilizer.

At the time of planting, it is necessary to carry out soil planting. The planting depth should be kept at the same level as the ground, and watering should be done after planting to promote lettuce seedlings as soon as possible.

2. Reasonable banquet topdressing

Lettuce is mainly raw in our daily life. Therefore, when we are topdressing, it is not appropriate to apply stool fertilizer. Usually the fertilizer is mainly nitrogen, and about three times in the whole growth period of lettuce.

Generally after the seedling slowing, the cluster stage and the core stage, each top dressing takes a simple urea or compound fertilizer, and the top dressing method is to be applied with water. During the whole growth period of lettuce, it is also necessary to pay attention to maintaining sufficient moisture** and keeping the soil moist. However, in the middle and late stages of balling, it is necessary to pay attention to controlling watering to avoid leaf ball rot.

2. Greenhouse cultivation in winter and spring

1. Basal fertilizer application

When cultivating lettuce in greenhouses in winter and spring, fertilization is mainly based on basal fertilizer, minimizing the amount of top dressing and watering, and avoiding diseases caused by excessive humidity. At the time of planting, about 5000kg of well-rotted farmhouse fertilizer should be applied per mu, with an appropriate amount of compound fertilizer. Then turn the soil deep and make a flat furrow, if it is covered with mulch, then it can be made into a small high furrow.

Cultivated in a solar greenhouse, the row spacing should be kept at about 30*40cm. When the seedlings are raised, they should be planted in ditches and holes.

2. Top dressing

When cultivating in greenhouses, when the lettuce is planted and the seedlings are slowed down, an appropriate amount of slow seedling water is poured about a week later, and then the seedlings are squatted in the cultivating. When the rosette seedlings grow after about half a month and the heart leaf is wrapped, the ternary compound fertilizer or an appropriate amount of urea is applied. Then the lettuce is topdressed again during the crusting period, but because the temperature in winter and spring is relatively low.

Therefore, the number of watering should not be too much, and the ground temperature is too low or the humidity is too high. During the balling period, the water supply should be kept even, and the humidity should not be dried. Prevention and control of the phenomenon of split balls, affecting the growth of lettuce.

The leftovers of the bulb are herbaceous plants of the genus Lettuce in the Asteraceae family, which prefer to be cold, not cold-tolerant, nor heat-tolerant, and require more water throughout the growing season. Lettuce is suitable for planting in clay soil or loam soil with rich organic matter, water retention and fertilizer retention ability, it likes acidic soil lettuce should be applied to the bottom fertilizer before planting, generally about 10 days before planting combined with deep ploughing, the bottom fertilizer is turned into the soil, and the soil is weeded and cleared, leveled and fine, ready for planting. The base fertilizer is mostly fully decomposed farmhouse fertilizer or organic fertilizer.

<> because lettuce is a green leafy vegetable, it prefers the application of nitrogen content slightly higher than phosphorus and potassium fertilizer in terms of fertilizer requirements. Therefore, when planting, generally our farmers will need to plant lettuce on the plot as a base fertilizer, before lettuce planting, apply 4000 5000 kg of fully decomposed high-quality farm fertilizer per mu, mix with 40 50 kg of superphosphate, sprinkle evenly into the soil, level the fine soil, and then make furrows. When making furrows, 30 40 kg of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer can be applied in the ditch, or 30 40 kg of diammonium phosphate.

The growth of any crop needs fertilizer, otherwise there is no way to grow. Lettuce mainly needs nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers when growing, and the demand for nitrogen fertilizer is great at the seedling stage, followed by phosphate fertilizer, and the demand for potassium fertilizer is less. In the peak growing season, the demand for phosphorus and potassium fertilizer increases, and there is more than one type of lettuce, which is simply divided into ball-bearing lettuce and non-ball-bearing lettuce, that is, wrinkled leaf lettuce.

Lettuce is relatively simple to grow and can be sown throughout the year, but as a rule of thumb, spring and autumn sowing is better, spring is generally sown in February-April, harvested in May-June, and autumn sowing can be sown at the end of September and October, and can be harvested in November and December.

It is better to start topdressing lettuce when it has just sprouted, because the growth cycle of lettuce is relatively short, and it will be better to use vegetable fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer.

Top dressing is better during the planting process. You can choose organic fertilizer after decay, which can not only provide the lettuce with the nutrients needed for growth, but also play a role in fertilizing the land.

Since lettuce is mainly eaten raw, nitrogen fertilizer is usually used, and top dressing should be carried out 3 times during the whole growth period. After slowing the seedlings 1 time, the group tree stage 1 time, the heart stage 1 time, each time the top application of urea or three-element compound fertilizer 8 12 kg, with water to flush. Adequate and uniform water must be ensured throughout the growing season of lettuce**, and the soil must be kept moist frequently.

When planting, the soil should be humus as much as possible, and the nutrient-rich soil vegetables will grow more fat. There is no fertile soil, ordinary soil can also be buried under the soil to bury the remaining vegetables and peels in the kitchen, after decay, the soil will be more fertile, used to grow vegetables, and the nutrition is sufficient Because the kitchen peel and vegetable leaves were buried under the soil before, these kitchen wastes are very good green manure after decaying in the soil, so the green manure can basically meet the nutritional needs of green vegetables, so the whole lettuce growing season does not need to be fertilized, just water to meet the growth of lettuce. If your lettuce leaves are yellow, it means that you are malnourished, you can apply some nitrogen fertilizer, you can buy a little compound fertilizer to water it and water it.

Wait until they have grown one or two true leaves, and it's time to fertilize.

Lettuce is easy to raise, you don't need to fertilize it, the key is that you make sure they grow in space!

Lettuce fertilization points are as follows:

The demand for nitrogen fertilizer was higher at the seedling stage, followed by phosphorus, and less demand for potassium fertilizer. In the middle stage, when the lettuce grows vigorously, the demand for nitrogen fertilizer and potassium fertilizer is increasing, and the demand for nitrogen fertilizer reaches the peak of the whole lettuce growth, and the demand for potassium fertilizer is also increasing at this time; In the mid-to-late period, when lettuce begins to bulb, the demand for potash peaks and the demand for nitrogen begins to slowly decrease.

In addition to the great demand for nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, the growth of lettuce also has a great demand for other trace elements such as: boron, iron, copper, magnesium, zinc, molybdenum, etc. When copper is deficient, the young leaves will be necrosis, and in severe cases, the leaves will fall early; When zinc is deficient, the crop is dwarf, the leaves are small and twisted, and it cannot grow into seeds when it is severe; When manganese is deficient, the leaf veins lack green, which affects the photosynthesis of plants. When boron deficiency occurs, crop root development is stunted, which seriously affects the nutrient uptake of crops.

If the lettuce is deficient in the necessary trace elements, it must have a great impact on the growth and quality of the lettuce and the lettuce's own resistance to diseases and pests.